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Chien-Wei Liao,Ming-Tsang Lee,Yu-Chi Liu 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6
The temperature rise of key internal components and ambient temperature changes during machining processes are the main causes of thermal displacement in machine tool spindle. This wastes materials and reduces working efficiency. A highly accurate and robust thermal spindle displacement estimation scheme is proposed in this paper which is based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) technique. Several key signals of specific dimensions related to spindle thermal displacement were first collected as two-dimensional (2D) signal maps. A multi-level feature expression for these 2D signal maps was extracted using convolution and pooling. A relationship between the extracted features and spindle thermal displacement was then learned using the neural architecture of the full connection layer. Optimized hyperparameter settings were determined by design of experiments (DoE) applied to the proposed CNN model. Experimental results showed that the proposed method had better performance than the multiple regression analysis (MLR) or back propagation neural network (BPNN) methods in terms of estimation accuracy and robustness at different spindle speeds.
A Methodology to Build a Groutability Formula via a Heuristic Algorithm
Chien-Lin Huang,Jen-Chen Fan,Kuo-Wei Liao,Tsung-Hsun Lien 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.1
The goal of this study is to provide a methodology to develop a groutability (N) formula of sandy silt soils using microfine cement grouts in a permeation grouting. Because the Fines Content (FC) of the sandy silt soils studied is relatively high, and the size of the grouts used is significantly smaller than the Portland cement, the existing empirical formulas cannot deliver a promising prediction of N. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) is an alternative tool used to predict N. However, SVMs do not provide an explicit formula,which creates an obstacle for practical engineers. Thus, a heuristic algorithm (the Tabu search, TS) was used to build the prediction formula. A total of 240 in-situ data samples were analyzed to ensure the accuracy of the proposed formula. The format of the existing empirical formula was adopted in the proposed TS-based formula. Four parameters were considered in our TS models: the effective soil particle size (D10), the soil particle size (D15), the water-to-cement ratio (w/c) and the FC. The prediction accuracy of the TSbased formula was approximately 94.17%, indicating that the proposed formula is a suitable tool. Because the proposed formula has a similar format to that of formulas that are typically used, the proposed approach can be implemented readily in practical engineering settings. Note that the proposed formula was only verified by the collected data samples, the suitability of applying the built formula to other conditions needs more investigation.
The Inventory and Statistics of Potential Large-scale Landslide Areas in Southern Taiwan
( Kuo-wei Li ),( Chien-yu Lin ),( Jyh-jong Liao ),( Yi-wen Pan ),( Keng-hao Kang ),( Che-ming Yang ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2
This study produced an inventory of the 2,523 potential large-scale landslide areas (PLSLAs) in southern Taiwan. These PLSLAs were delineated using LiDAR DEM of 1m resolution after the 2009 Typhoon Morakot by other institutes. Using the inventory, we conducted a statistical analysis of the important geologic and geomorphologic factors possibly related to a PLSLA. The statistical analyses reveal that, among the 2,523 PLSLAs, (1) 82% of elevation are between 750 and 2,750 m, (2) 79% of the area are between 10 and 40 hectares, (3) 76% of the slope height are between 200 and 600 m, (4) 86% of the slope are between 25 and 40 degrees and (5) 83 percent of stream order are less than 3. Rock formations of these PLSLAs range from Oligocene to Miocene; 67% of the strata are slate, and 12% are interbedded of sandstone and shale. This study selected 24 medium to high risk cases of the 2,523 PLSLAs, and interpreted the micro-geomorphological features from 1m LiDAR DEM. The following three patterns were present: (1) PLSLA with clear features of gravitational slope deformation in slope height more than 500 m condition, (2) PLSLA with the relic of paleo landslides induced by gravitational buckling, toppling, or plane sliding, (3) PLSLA with river bank erosion on slope toe and head-cut erosion induced by gully development. Based on statistics, the stream order of the PLSLAs with gravitational slope deformation usually would exceed 3; 83% of PLSLAs are the areas also with paleo large-scale landslide.
Nai-Yun Chang,Zeng-Weng Chen,Ter-Hsin Chen,Jiunn-Wang Liao,Cheng-Chung Lin,Maw-Sheng Chien,Wei-Cheng Lee,Jiunn-Horng Lin,Shih-Ling Hsuan 대한수의학회 2014 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.15 No.1
Exotoxins produced by Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae(Apx) play major roles in the pathogenesis of pleuropneumoniain swine. This study investigated the role of ApxI in hemolysisand cellular damage using a novel apxIA mutant, ApxIA336,which was developed from the parental strain A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 10 that produces only ApxI in vitro. The genotype of ApxIA336 was confirmed by PCR, Southernblotting, and gene sequencing. Exotoxin preparation derivedfrom ApxIA336 was analyzed for its bioactivity towardsporcine erythrocytes and alveolar macrophages. Analysisresults indicated that ApxIA336 contained a kanamycinresistantcassette inserted immediately after 1005 bp of theapxIA gene. Phenotype analysis of ApxIA336 revealed nodifference in the growth rate as compared to the parentalstrain. Meanwhile, ApxI production was abolished in thebacterial culture supernatant, i.e. exotoxin preparation. Theinability of ApxIA336 to produce ApxI corresponded to the lossof hemolytic and cytotoxic bioactivity in exotoxin preparation,as demonstrated by hemolysis, lactate dehydrogenase release,mitochondrial activity, and apoptosis assays. Additionally, thevirulence of ApxIA336 appeared to be attenuated by 15-fold inBALB/c mice. Collectively, ApxI, but not other components inthe exotoxin preparation of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 10,was responsible for the hemolytic and cytotoxic effects onporcine erythrocytes and alveolar macrophages.
Bidirectional Hybrid DWDM-PON for HDTV/Gigabit Ethernet/CATV Applications
Hai-Han Lu,Wen-Shing Tsai,Tzu-Shen Chien,Shih-Hung Chen,Yu-Chieh Chi,Che-Wei Liao 한국전자통신연구원 2007 ETRI Journal Vol.29 No.2
A new scheme for bi-directional HDTV/Gigabit Ethernet/CATV transmission over a hybrid densewavelength- division-multiplexing passive optical network (DWDM-PON) is proposed and demonstrated. It is based on injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and distributed-feedback laser diodes as transmitters. Services with 129 HDTV channels, a 1.25 Gbps Gigabit Ethernet connection, and 77 CATV channels are successfully demonstrated over 40 km single-mode fiber links. Good performance of bit error rate, carrier-to-noise ratio, composite second order, and composite triple beat is achieved in our proposed bidirectional DWDM-PON.