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Che-Chao Chiang,Min-chi Chang,Po-Tsang Chen,Fu-Ming Chiang 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0
This study examines the information searching of business travelers and their behavior based on the cultural differences. Despite growing academic interest in business travel i n recent years, there has been little investigation of the information search behaviors of business travelers in a cross-culture context. The above themes are rational assumed that information search behaviour are necessary to understand. To address the identified gap s in the literature, the proposed relationships are examined and presented through using chi-square method with a survey sample. The research sample included Japanese, English and Chinese business travellers. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to 211 business travelers attending international conventions in Taipei. The research findings reveal that information preferences of business travelers are significantly differed from the three recognized groups in the case of Taiwan. Some significant differences in information search behaviors were recognized amongst the three recognized respondent groups. Marketing implications were also proposed and presented.
An Jen Chiang,Min-Yu Chen,Chia-Sui Weng,Hao Lin,Chien-Hsing Lu,Peng-Hui Wang,Yu-Fang Huang,Ying-Cheng Chiang,Mu-Hsien Yu,Chih-Long Chang 대한부인종양학회 2017 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.28 No.5
Objective: The malignant transformation (MT) of ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT)to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very rare. This study analyzed cases from multiplemedical centers in Taiwan to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, andprognostic factors of this disease and reviewed related literature. Methods: Pathological reports of 16,001 patients with primary ovarian cancer who weretreated at Taiwan medical centers from 1990 to 2011 were reviewed. In total, 52 patients withMT of MCT to SCC were identified. Results: Among all ovarian MCTs, the incidence of MT to SCC is 0.2%. The median age ofpatients was 52 years (range, 29–89 years), and the mean tumor size was 10.5 cm (range, 1–40cm). We analyzed the patients in our study and those in the literature and determined thatearly identification and complete surgical resection of the tumor are essential for long-termsurvival. In addition, adjuvant chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy can be usedto treat this malignancy. Old age, large tumor size (≥15.0 cm), and solid components in MCTsare suitable indicators predicting the risk of MT of MCT to SCC. Conclusion: Similar to general epithelial ovarian cancers, the early detection of MT of MCTto SCC is critical to long-term survival. Therefore, older patients with a large tumor or those with a tumor containing a solid component in a clinically diagnosed MCT should beevaluated to exclude potential MT to SCC.
Ying-Cheng Chiang,Chi-An Chen,Chun-Ju Chiang,Tsui-Hsia Hsu,Ming-Chieh Lin,San-Lin You,Wen-Fang Cheng,Mei-Shu Lai 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.4
Objective: To investigate the changes of incidence and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in thirty years in Taiwan. Methods: The databases of women with epithelial ovarian cancer during the period from 1979 to 2008 were retrieved from the National Cancer Registration System of Taiwan. The incidence and prognosis of these patients were analyzed. Results: Totally 9,491 patients were included in the study. The age-adjusted incidences of epithelial ovarian cancer were 1.01, 1.37, 2.37, 3.24, 4.18, and 6.33 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, in every 5-year period from 1979 to 2008. The age-specific incidence rates increased especially in serous, endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma, and the age of diagnosis decreased from sixty to fifty years old in the three decades. Patients with mucinous, endometrioid, or clear cell carcinoma had better long-term survival than patients with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). Patients with undifferentiated carcinoma or carcinosarcoma had poorer survival than those with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). The mortality risk of age at diagnosis of 30-39 was significantly higher than that of age of 70 years or more (test for trend, p<0.001). The mortality risk decreased from the period of 1996-1999 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; p=0.054) to the period after 2000 (HR, 0.74; p<0.001) as compared with that from the period of 1991-1995. Conclusion: An increasing incidence and decreasing age of diagnosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients were noted. Histological type, age of diagnosis, and treatment period were important prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
On the theory of curved anisotropic plate
Chiang, Yih-Cherng Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.22 No.6
A general theory which describes the elastic response of a curved anisotropic plate subjected to stretching and bending will be developed by considering the nonlinear effect that reflecting the non-flat geometry of the structure. By applying a newly derived $6{\times}6$ matrix constitutive relation between force resultants, moment resultants, mid-plane strains and deformed curvatures, the governing differential equations for a curved anisotropic plate is developed in the usual manner, namely, by consideration of the constitutive relation and equilibrium equations. Solutions are obtained for simply-supported boundary conditions and compared to corresponding solutions that neglecting the nonlinear effect in the analysis. The comparisons indicate that the nonlinear terms in the equations that caused by the curvature of the structure is crucial for the curved plate analysis. Under certain curved plate geometries the unreasonable results will be induced by neglecting the nonlinear effect in the analysis.
EFFECT OF DIRECT-FED MICROORGANISMS ON BROILER GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND LITTER AMMONIA LEVEL
Chiang, S.H.,Hsieh, W.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1995 Animal Bioscience Vol.8 No.2
Broilers were fed diets supplemented with various levels of a probiotic (mixture of the following direct-fed microorganisms: Lactobacillus, Bacillus, and Streptococcus). Growth performance, abdominal fat, excreta, and litter ammonia level were determined. The results showed that birds fed the probiotic-supplemented diets had better weight gain (p < 0.01) and feed conversion (gain:feed;p < 0.12) when compared to the birds fed the unsupplemented diet. No differences in feed intake and abdominal fat were observed among birds fed the different experimental diets. Excreta (p < 0.05) and litter (p < 0.01) ammonia levels were reduced by dietary probiotic supplementation. A dosage of 0.25 g of the probiotic/kg of diet is needed to maiximize growth performance during both the starter and finisher periods. A higher dosage (approximate 0.5 g/kg) is needed to minimize litter ammonia production.
Chiang, Chun-Chi,Lin, Jane-Ming,Chen, Wen-Lu,Tsai, Yi-Yu Masson Pub. USA 2007 Cornea Vol.26 No.7
PURPOSE:: To describe the use of allogeneic serum eye drops to treat 2 patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-induced severe ocular surface disease. METHODS:: Small case series. RESULTS:: Conventional therapy failed to control the ocular symptoms of 2 patients with GVHD who presented with severe dry eye syndrome. Because autologous serum was unavailable in these cases, we used allogeneic serum eye drops as an alternate option for treating their ocular surface disease. Both donors had serologic tests performed before donation. Use of the allogeneic serum eye drops had a beneficial clinical effect, with marked attenuation of the patients’ symptoms. This therapy proved to be safe during 10 months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS:: Allogeneic serum eye drops may be a good alternative treatment for patients with severe dry eyes caused by GVHD.