동아리 활동을 통해 본 교육 대학 문화 연구

김재영,김지자,조주연,심성옥 서울敎育大學校 學生生活硏究所 1999 學生生活硏究 Vol.25 No.-

학생들의 동아리 활동은 정규 교육 과정에서 충족시키지 못하는 여러 가지 학생들의 요구를 충족시켜 주면서 그들의 사고 방식과 생활 양식 및 여가문화 형성에 크게 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구는 서울교육대학교 학생들의 동아리 활동에의 참여 양태를 분석함으로서 교육 대학생들의 문화의 일면을 밝혀 보기 위한 것으로 자료의 수집은 동아리 활동에 참여하고 있는 학생들(188명)을 대상으로 한 설문지 분석과 동아리 대표들(22명)을 대상으로 한 구조화된 면접에 의하여 이루어졌다. 자료의 수집 분석은 1998년 9월부터 10월에 걸쳐 이루어졌다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 동아리에 가입하여 활동하고 있는 서울교육대학 학생들은 동아리 활동이 대학 생활을 풍부하게 하고 여가 및 취미 생활에 도움이 된다고 지각하면서 동아리 활동에 높은 만족도를 표명하였다. 그러나 동아리 활동을 하는 과정에서 경비 부족-능력 부족-학과 수업에 지장 초래 등의 애로사항을 상당수 느끼고 있었고 동아리에의 가입은 흥미와 적성을 고려하여 스스로 선택하는 경우가 많았으나, 실제 동아리활동 참여는 여가활용이나 능력 개발을 목적으로 하는 동아리를 선호하고 학술 동아리의 선호도는 약세를 보이고 있다. 동아리 가입한 학생들의 56%정도가 거의 매일 동아리방을 찾는 실정이며 19%정도가 격일에 한번, 그리고 20%정도가 주 1-2회 동아리방을 찾고 있어, 전반적으로 동아리방의 방문이 상당히 높은 편이었다. 이들이 의미있게 느끼는 동아리 활동은 동아리의 기본 활동이었으나 (46.7%) 동아리 모임후의 뒷풀이(24%)와 친교모임(17.9%), 그리고 공강시간의 활용 (11.3%) 역시 의미가 크게 나타났다. 동아리 모임후 뒷풀이 유형으로는 식사 및 술마시기가 85.1%로 압도적인 활동으로 나타나고 있어 대학가 음주문화가 예외없이 뿌리를 내리고 있었다. 동아리 활동이 대학생활을 풍부하게 하고 교사의 자질함양에도 도움이 된다고 만족감을 보이고 있는데 동아리 활동의 만족도는 임원이나 고학년 학생들에게서 높게 나타나는 편이었다. 한편 동아리 대표들은 학생들의 동아리 가입을 높히기 위한 주요 유인책으로 깊이있는 인간관계를 들고 있으나 동아리 회원의 모집과 학교로부터의 지원 부족 등에 크게 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이었다. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the university culture at the teacher training university in view of their Student Circle Activities. Since Student Circle Activities can help meet the students' needs which can not be met from their regular curricular activities, and can give influence to the formation of their way of thinking, mode of action, and their culture of leisure life etc.. The data was collected from 186 members of 22 Circles with Questionnaires and 22 leaders of these registered Circles at the Seoul National University through interview with structured Interview Schedules in September through October. 1998. The majority of the Circle members expressed higher degree of satisfaction with regard to their Circle Activities in terms of nurturing university life, and help good utilization of their leisure times, etc. However, most of them showed some difficulties in Circle Activity participation due to lack of expenditures, lack of competencies, and some hinderance for the classroom participations, etc. Though they tend to choose their circles by themselves in consideration of their interest and aptitudes, their actual participation appeared to be inclined more to the leisure oriented programs than academic orientation. The leaders and senior student members of the Circle showed more satisfaction than the non-leaders and freshmen or sophomores toward their experience of Circle Activities.

복합구조물의 파괴에 관한 치수효과의 중요성

정영화,김경진,원치문,심도식 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究 Vol.15 No.-

In this paper, the importance of the size effects on the strength ratio is demonstrated by numerical results. The rate of decrease of tensile strength is for glass fiber, based on the experience of a composite manufacturing specialist. For other material, similar procedure may be used until detailed test result on such material is available. The strength criteria used is that of Tsai-Wu for stress space. The factors influencing the ratio are, reducing the tensile strength alone or both tensile and compression strengths, selection of the normalized interaction term, that is, the generalized Von Mises criterion or the Hill's criterion, and the status of applied stresses. Some of the numerical results are presented for a guideline for the furture study.

Combination of a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma agonist and an angiotensin  II receptor blocker attenuates myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats

Shim, Chi Young,Song, Byeong‐,Wook,Cha, Min‐,Ji,Hwang, Ki‐,Chul,Park, Sungha,Hong, Geu‐,Ru,Kang, Seok‐,Min,Lee, Jong Eun,Ha, Jong‐,Won,Chung, Namsik John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2014 Journal of diabetes investigation Vol.5 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aims/Introduction</B></P><P>We aimed to examine the effect of an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐gamma agonist, and their combination on myocardial fibrosis and function in type 2 diabetic rats.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Five male Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats and 20 male Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were used. OLETF rats were assigned to four groups (<I>n</I> = 5 per group) at 28 weeks‐of‐age: untreated, losartan‐treated, rosiglitazone‐treated and combination‐treated. The ARB, losartan, was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day, and the PPAR‐gamma agonist, rosiglitazone, was administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 12 weeks. Urine and blood samples were collected, and two‐dimensional echocardiograms and strain rate imaging were obtained at 28 and 40 weeks. Cytokines were evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and histological analysis was carried out at 40 weeks.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>At 40 weeks, the global radial strains of the losartan‐treated (55.7 ± 4.5%, <I>P</I> = 0.021) and combination‐treated groups (59.3 ± 6.7%, <I>P</I> = 0.001) were significantly higher compared with the untreated OLETFs (44.3 ± 10.5%). No difference was observed when compared with LETO rats. Although the rosiglitazone‐treated group showed a better metabolic profile than the untreated OLETF group, there was no difference in the global radial strain (49.8 ± 6.0 vs 44.3 ± 10.5, <I>P</I> = 0.402). The expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and collagen type I and III were consistently attenuated in the losartan‐treated and combination‐treated OLETF groups, but not in the rosiglitazone‐treated group.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>A combination of rosiglitazone and losartan attenuates myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats.</P>

Impact of central haemodynamics on left ventricular function in individuals with an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise

Shim, Chi Young,Hong, Geu-Ru,Park, Sungha,Yang, Woo-In,Choi, Donghoon,Chung, Namsik,Ha, Jong-Won Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2015 Journal of Hypertension Vol.33 No.3

OBJECTIVE:: The impact of exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) to exercise on left ventricular function and the mechanism of its association are poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of arterial stiffening on left ventricular function in individuals with an EBPR to exercise. We hypothesized that individuals with low pulse pressure (PP) amplification during exercise would have worse left ventricular function than those with high PP amplification in individuals with an EBPR to exercise. METHODS:: Fifty-nine individuals with an EBPR to exercise (18 men, age 57 ± 12 years) and 59 age and sex-matched controls were studied. Radial artery tonometry was performed at rest and immediately after exercise during supine bicycle exercise echocardiography. RESULTS:: There were no differences in left ventricular structure or function between individuals with an EBPR to exercise and controls. When individuals with an EBPR to exercise were divided into two groups on the basis of PP amplification after exercise [Group 1 (n = 30), high PP amplification after exercise; Group 2 (n = 29), low PP amplification after exercise], group 2 showed larger left atrial volume and lower early diastolic (e’) and systolic (S’) mitral annular velocities. Left ventricular apical rotation was also exaggerated in group 2. In multiple regression, PP amplification after exercise was an independent determinant of e’ (&bgr; = 0.16, P = 0.019) and S’ (&bgr; = 0.25, P = 0.009) in individuals with an EBPR to exercise. CONCLUSION:: In individuals with an EBPR to exercise, the degree of left ventricular dysfunction is variable. EBPR to exercise in the presence of arterial stiffening contributes to the deterioration of left ventricular function.

Effects of Drug-eluting Stents on Plasma C-reactive Protein Levels after Coronary Stenting: Comparison with Bare Metal Stents

( Young Guk Ko ),( Jong Youn Kim ),( Chi Young Shim ),( Sung Ha Park ),( Ki Chul Hwang ),( Dong Hoon Choi ),( Yang Soo Jang ),( Won Heum Shim ),( Nam Sik Chung ),( Seung Yun Cho ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2006 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.3 No.3

After coronary stenting, inflammatory mechanisms play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neointimal proliferation and in-stent restenosis. Drug eluting stents(DES) have been shown to reduce in-stent restenosis in various studies. We investigated plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels after DES implantation and compared with those after bare metal stent(BMS) implantation. In a prospective single center study, we performed percutaneous coronary intervention with a single stent in 67 patients(n=21 in BMS group, n=46 in DES group) with clinically stable angina. Plasma CRP levels were determined before intervention and 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 2 weeks after coronary stenting. There were 54 men(80.6%) and the age of patients ranged from 37 to 75 years(mean, 59±9 years). There was no difference in clinical and angiographic baseline characteristics except that more diabetic patients were included in DES group(34.8% vs 9.5%, p=0.04) and that the stent diameter was larger in BMS group(3.4±0.5 mm vs 3.0±0.4 mm, p<0.01). The plasma CRP levels at 48(13.4±14.7 vs 5.9±4.9 mg/L, p<0.01) and 72 hrs(16.7±19.8 vs 5.4±3.9 mg/L, p<0.01) after stent implantation were significantly higher in BMS than DES group. DES showed significantly lower plasma CRP levels after coronary stent implantation compared to BMS. This may reflect potent effects of DES on acute inflammatory reactions induced by coronary intervention.

Overweight and its association with aortic pressure wave reflection after exercise.

Shim, Chi Young,Yang, Woo-In,Park, Sungha,Kang, Min-Kyung,Ko, Young-Guk,Choi, Donghoon,Jang, Yangsoo,Chung, Namsik,Ha, Jong-Won Elsevier ; Elsevier Science Pub. Co 2011 American journal of hypertension Vol.24 No.10

<P>Obesity is associated with arterial stiffening, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction. However, there is no data regarding dynamic changes in arterial hemodynamics with exercise in overweight subjects. We hypothesized that overweight women would show a different exercise response in wave reflection compared with lean women.</P>

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: the Major Unmet Need in Cardiology

Chi Young Shim 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.12

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has recently been recognized as the single greatest unmet need in cardiovascular medicine. As the population ages and the comorbidity increases, the prevalence of HFpEF increases considerably. Even though there have been large numbers of studies on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of HFpEF for latest years, there are no current pharmacologic interventions that can reduce mortality. HFpEF is currently understood as a heterogeneous syndrome originated from the interplay of cardiac and extracardiac abnormalities recognized by systemic inflammation, endothelial and coronary microvascular dysfunction, cardiomyocyte dysfunction and skeletal muscle dysfunction. The difficult “jigsaw puzzle” called HFpEF has been filled with some pieces, but it is still not enough to meet clinical needs. Here, we review recent evidences and unsolved problems about HFpEF to improve our understanding of HFpEF. Finally, we hope to accelerate to completion of the problematic “jigsaw puzzle”.

Mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea

( Young Kim ),( Sung Yong Lee ),( Eun Joo Lee ),( Gyu Young Hur ),( Sang Yeub Lee ),( Jae Jeong Shim ),( Kwang Ho In ),( Kyung Ho Kang ),( Se Hwa Yoo ),( Chi Young Kim ),( Byeong Ki Kim ),( Seung Heon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.-

Purpose: There are many somatic mutations in lung cancer, and many biological processes that cause mutations in somatic cells leave a mutational signature. The purpose of this study is to identify the mutational signature according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea. Methods: A total of 103 specimens from patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were obtained and NGS based repeated deep sequencing was performed. The single nucleotide variation detected by the test was converted to maf.file and mutational signatures according to the stage of lung cancer analyzed by applying a computational framework for mutational signature model proposed by Alexandrov et al. The mutational signature nomenclature is that used in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC). Results: As a result of mutational signature analysis with stage I lung cancer, signature 5 (cosine similarity=0.656, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. With stage II lung cancer, signature 7 (cosine similarity=0.742, UV exposure) was the most significant result and with stage III lung cancer, signature 30 (cosine similarity=0.777, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. In this study, the number of patients with stage IV lung cancer was small and there were no significant results. Conclusions: The risk factors for lung cancer other than smoking,the exact cause has not been clarified, they are presumed to have left a mutational signature. In addition, the mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korean patients showed different result.

Patent foramen ovale: diagnosis with multidetector CT--comparison with transesophageal echocardiography.

Kim, Young Jin,Hur, Jin,Shim, Chi-Young,Lee, Hye-Jeong,Ha, Jong-Won,Choe, Kyu Ok,Heo, Ji Hoe,Choi, Eui-Young,Choi, Byoung Wook Radiological Society of North America 2009 Radiology Vol.250 No.1

<P>PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical feasibility and accuracy of 64-section multidetector computed tomography (CT) compared with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for diagnosis of a patent foramen ovale (PFO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective study. The study included 152 consecutive stroke patients (mean age, 61.7 years; 98 men, 54 women) who underwent both cardiac multidetector CT and TEE. Electrocardiographically gated cardiac CT was performed with a 64-section CT scanner by using a saline-chaser contrast agent injection technique. A contrast agent jet from the contrast agent-filled left atrium (LA) to the saline-filled right atrium (RA) and channel-like appearance of the interatrial septum (IAS) were evaluated on axial and oblique sagittal CT images. Two-dimensional and Doppler TEE were performed to detect PFO. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of CT were obtained with TEE as the reference standard. RESULTS: A PFO was present in 26 patients at TEE. On CT images, a left-to-right contrast agent jet toward the inferior vena cava was noted in 21 patients (sensitivity, 73.1%; specificity, 98.4%; PPV, 90.5%; NPV, 94.7%). Channel-like appearance of the IAS was detected in 38 patients (sensitivity, 76.9%; specificity, 85.7%; PPV, 52.6%; NPV, 94.7%). Channel-like appearance of the IAS was noted in all patients who had a contrast agent jet. CONCLUSION: A contrast agent jet from LA to RA toward the inferior vena cava with channel-like appearance of the IAS on CT images confirms the presence of a PFO.</P>

폐의 림프상피종양 암종

정치영 ( Chi Young Jung ),심상우 ( Sang Woo Shim ),박창권 ( Chang Kwon Park ),권건영 ( Kun Young Kwon ),전영준 ( Young June Jeon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2011 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.71 No.5

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the lung is a very rare tumor. Originally described in the nasopharynx as lymphoepithelioma, this carcinoma has also been found in the stomach, esophagus, thymus, cervix, urinary bladder, skin, and salivary glands. Histologically, it is an undifferentiated carcinoma that has a syncytial appearance with tumor cells and is infiltrated by numerous lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. LELC of the lung occurs more commonly in Asians, particularly Chinese. Many studies have reported the association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and LELC of the lung in Asian patients. A 45-year-old man had a solitary pulmonary nodule on a routine chest X-ray examination. As a malignant tumor was suspected, surgical resection was performed to establish the correct diagnosis. The pathology of the excised tumor demonstrated LELC of the lung. This is the first report of LELC of the lung in Korea.