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Kim, Jong Hun,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Kim, Hyo Youl,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Jun, Yoon Hee,Choi, Won Suk,Kang, Seong Hee,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kee, Sae Yoon,Hur, Jia Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>While herd effects and serotype replacement by childhood pneumococcal protein conjugated vaccines (PCVs) continues to accumulate worldwide, direct effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases in the elderly has been challenged. We estimated the direct effectiveness of PPV23 in the elderly population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For a hospital-based case-control study, cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) (adults ≥ 65 years) were identified in 14 hospitals participated in the pneumococcal surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015, following implementation of PPV23 national immunization program (NIP) for the elderly in the Republic of Korea. Controls matched by age, sex, and hospital were selected at ratios of 1:2 (IPD) or 1:1 (NBPP). Clinical data and vaccination records were collected. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We enrolled 148 IPD and 557 NBPP cases, and 295 IPD and 557 NBPP controls for analyses. Overall effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 28.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.8%–51.6%] and against NBPP was 10.2% (-15.1-30.6) in all patients ≥ 65 years. However, in subgroup analysis of patients aged 65–74 years, PPV23 was protective against IPD [effectiveness 57.4% (19.4–77.5)] and against NBPP [effectiveness 35.0% (2.3–56.7)]. Furthermore, serotype-specific effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 90.6% (27.6–98.8) for PPV23-unique serotypes and 81.3% (38.6–94.3) for PPV23 serotypes excluding serotype 3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study indicates that PPV23 with broad serotype coverage might be beneficial in preventing IPD and NBPP due to non-PCV13 serotypes in the young-elderly, with potentially increasing effectiveness in the setting of childhood PCV NIP.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization program for PPV23 for the elderly was implemented in Korea. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was effective against IPD and NBPP for young elderly patients aged 65–74. </LI> <LI> Effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was higher for PPV23 unique serotypes. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was non-protective against IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. </LI> </UL> </P>
Gyu-Young Hur,박해심,박한정,이현영,고동희,이병재,최길순,김승현,예영민 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.3
Purpose: Our previous study indicated that the presence of wheat-specific IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies was associated with work-related symptoms in workers exposed to wheat flour. We performed this study to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of β_2-adrenergic receptors and wheat-specific antibodies in association with the clinical parameters of baker’s asthma. Materials and Methods: In total, 379 subjects working in a single industrial bakery were enrolled in this study. The skin prick test was performed with common inhalant allergens and wheat flour extract. The presence of serum-specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 antibodies to wheat flour were determined by ELISA. Whole blood samples were obtained for genotype analysis. Subjects were genotyped with regard to five candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the β_2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2; -47 T>C, 46 A>G, 79 C>G, 252 G>A, and 523 C>A) using a single-base extension method. Results: No significant associations were observed between the genotype/allele frequencies of any of the SNPs tested and any clinical parameters. The haplotype of ADRB2 (GAA composed of 46 A>G, 252 G>A, and 523 C>A) was significantly associated with work-related symptoms (p<0.05). Moreover, in subjects with the AG or GG genotype at 46 A>G and haplotype [GAA] of ADRB2, the prevalence rates of wheat-specific IgG1 antibodies and lower respiratory symptoms increased significantly with exposure intensity (both p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that ADRB2 genetic polymorphism may contribute to the development of work-related symptoms in workers exposed to wheat flour, which can lead to baker’s asthma.
Serum potential biomarkers according to sputum inflammatory cell profiles in adult asthmatics
Gyu-Young Hur,Young-Min Ye,Eun-Mi Yang,Hae-Sim Park 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.4
Background/Aims: Asthma is not a single disease but, rather, a heterogeneous inf lammatory disorder with various pathogenic mechanisms. We analyzed the associations between the cellular profile of sputum and the serum levels of inflammatory mediators/cytokines in a cohort of adult asthmatics. Methods: We recruited 421 adult asthmatic patients. All subjects were classified into four groups according to their sputum cellular profiles: G1, eosinophilic; G2, mixed granulocytic; G3, neutrophilic; and G4, paucigranulocytic. Serum levels of cytokines and mediators including periostin, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), S100A9, and folliculin were quantified. Results: Among 421 patients, G1 accounted for 149 (35.4%), G2 for 71 (16.9%), G3 for 155 (36.8%), and G4 for 46 (10.9%). Serum periostin and EDN levels were significantly higher in G1 (p = 0.004, and p = 0.031) than in the others. Serum S100A9 levels were elevated in G2 and G3 (p = 0.008). Serum folliculin levels differed significantly among the four groups, with the highest level in G4 (p = 0.042). To identify G1 from G1 plus G2 groups, the optimal serum cut-off levels were 1.71 ng/mL for periostin, and 1.61 ng/mL for EDN. When these two parameters were combined, the sensitivity was 76.0% and the specificity was 64.3% (area under the curve, 0.701; p = 0.004). Conclusions: The serum periostin and EDN levels may be used as predictors to discriminate the eosinophilic asthma group from patients having eosinophilic or mixed granulocytic asthma, and the serum folliculin level is significantly elevated in patients with paucigranulocytic asthma compared to those with different inflammatory cell profile.
Identification of <i>Dioscorea Batatas</i> (Sanyak) Allergen as an Inhalant and Oral Allergen
Hur, Gyu-Young,Park, Han-Jung,Kim, Hyoun-Ah,Ye, Young-Min,Park, Hae-Sim The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2008 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.23 No.1
<P><I>Dioscorea batatas</I> is widely used in Asia as a herbal medicine or food product with potential health benefits. There have been several reports of occupational asthma caused by inhalation of <I>D. batatas</I> dust. However, there has been no report of systemic allergic reactions after oral administration of <I>D. batatas</I>. Two patients with <I>D. batatas</I> allergy were enrolled. One had experienced severe urticaria and angioedema after indigestion, and the other had been exposed to <I>D. batatas</I> dust and was diagnosed as having occupational asthma. Both patients had high serum-specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies to <I>D. batatas</I>. And IgE immunoblot demonstrated that both sera bound to a 27-kDa protein with an IgE-binding motif, which was revealed by 2-D-electrophoresis to have the sequence Asn-Val-Glu-Asp-Glu-Phe-Ser-X-Ile-Glu-Gly-Asn-Pro-X-X-Pro-Glu-Asn-X-Gly (pI 6.40, 6.04). In conclusion, discorin from <I>D. batatas</I> (DB3S) was identified as the major allergen of <I>D. batatas</I> in patients sensitized via an oral or inhalant route.</P>
Allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of respiratory allergies in the elderly
Hur, Gyu-Young,Lee, Ji-Ho,Park, Hae-Sim Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2017 Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology Vol.17 No.4
<P>Elderly individuals with proven, clinically relevant immunoglobulin E sensitization to inhalant allergens may benefit from allergen immunotherapy for respiratory allergic diseases. Older patients without contraindications should therefore be considered for treatment, with the additional benefit of reduced medication and symptom scores.</P>
Mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea
( Young Kim ),( Sung Yong Lee ),( Eun Joo Lee ),( Gyu Young Hur ),( Sang Yeub Lee ),( Jae Jeong Shim ),( Kwang Ho In ),( Kyung Ho Kang ),( Se Hwa Yoo ),( Chi Young Kim ),( Byeong Ki Kim ),( Seung Heon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.-
Purpose: There are many somatic mutations in lung cancer, and many biological processes that cause mutations in somatic cells leave a mutational signature. The purpose of this study is to identify the mutational signature according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea. Methods: A total of 103 specimens from patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were obtained and NGS based repeated deep sequencing was performed. The single nucleotide variation detected by the test was converted to maf.file and mutational signatures according to the stage of lung cancer analyzed by applying a computational framework for mutational signature model proposed by Alexandrov et al. The mutational signature nomenclature is that used in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC). Results: As a result of mutational signature analysis with stage I lung cancer, signature 5 (cosine similarity=0.656, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. With stage II lung cancer, signature 7 (cosine similarity=0.742, UV exposure) was the most significant result and with stage III lung cancer, signature 30 (cosine similarity=0.777, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. In this study, the number of patients with stage IV lung cancer was small and there were no significant results. Conclusions: The risk factors for lung cancer other than smoking,the exact cause has not been clarified, they are presumed to have left a mutational signature. In addition, the mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korean patients showed different result.