간지(干支)의 의의(意義) 및 설문해자(說文解字)의 십간(十干)에 관한 연구(硏究)

윤창열 ( Yun Chang-yeol ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2017 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objective : Heavenly stems and Earthly branches is a tool used for understanding the virtue of Yin Yang and Five elements. Korean medicine understands the changes in Wuyun through the Ten Heavenly stems, and understand the changes of Liuqi through the Twelve Earthly branches. An accurate understanding of the definitions of Heavenly Stems and Earthly branches and the concept of each of the 10 stems is of vital importance. Method : The paper first reviews the origin, history, and significance of the Heavenly stems and Earthly branches before studying the definitions of the stems and branches as laid out in the works of Yu Onseo, Lee Samun, and Han Dongseok. The paper then reviewed the concept of the each of the ten stems through researching the texts of Seoulmunhaeja, the annotations of the four great Seolmuns, and the texts of Jeongyeokwonui. Result & Conclusion : Heavenly stems and Earthly branches have been in use since more than 6,000 years ago. The central numbers in the changes of Heaven and Earth are five and six. Each number functions with duality, yin and yang, meaning there are ten Heavenly numbers (5x2=10) and 12 Earthly numbers (6x2=12) which oversees all of the cosmic changes. Stems become the body and signifies water. Branches become the use and signifies divided fire. The meanings of the letters Gab Eul Byeong Jeong Mu Gi Gyeong Sin Im Gye originate from the one year life of a tree which grows, bears fruits, processes Yang qi, and awaits for the next spring. The reason a tree is used is because there is nothing better in studying in detail the changes of a living being through a year.

십이지지(十二地支)의 음양(陰陽) 오행(五行) 육기(六氣) 장부(臟腑)의 배합(配合) 및 상충(相沖) 상합(相合)에 관한(關) 연구(硏究)

김형주,전윤주,윤창열,Kim, hung Joo,Jeon, yun ju,Yun, Chang-Yeol 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2018 혜화의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Objectives : Ten heavenly stems(10天干) and Twelve earthly branches(12地支) are symbols exposing change order in heaven and earth, and are a very important sign in studying oriental philosophy and oriental medicine. Especially, 10 heavenly stems(10天干) and 12 earthly branches(12地支) are indispensable for the study of Five Circuits And Six Qi(오운육기), and a deep study is needed. Methods : I have examined Yin Yang combination(음양배합), Five elements combination(오행배합), Six Qi 3Yin 3Yang combination(육기삼음삼양배합), viscera combination(장부배합), Mutual collision(상충), Six combination(육합), Three combination(삼합), etc. of 12 earthly branches(12지지) by referring to books such as "Yellow Emperor Internal Classic" ("黃帝內經") and "Principle of universe change" ("우주변화의 원리"). Results & Conclusions : Zi Yin Chen Wu Shen Xu(子 寅 辰 午 申 戌) become Yang(陽), Chou Mao Si Wei You Hai(丑 卯 巳 未 酉 亥) become Yin(陰), Zi Si Yin Mao Chen Si(子 丑 寅 卯 辰 巳) become Yang, and Wu Wei Shen You Xu Hai(午 未 申 酉 戌 亥) become Yin. Twelve earthly branches can be divided into five movements by its original meaning, where YinMao(인묘) is tree, SiWu(사오) is a fire, ShenYou(신유) is a gold, HaiZi(해자) is water, and ChenXuChouWei(진술축미) mediate in the middle of four movements So they become soil(土). SiHai(巳亥) is JueYin Wind Tree(궐음 풍목), ZiWu(子午) is ShaoYin Monarch Fire(소음 군화), ChouWei(丑未) is TaiYin Humid Soil(태음 습토), YinShen(寅申) is ShaoYang Ministerial Fire(소양 상화), MaoYou(卯酉) is YangMing Dry Gold(양명 조금), and ChenXu(辰戌) is TaiYang Cold Water(태양 한수). Viscera combination(장부배합) combines Zi(子) and Bile(膽), Chou(丑) and Liver(肝), Yin(寅) and Lung(肺), Mao(卯) and Large intestine(大腸), Chen(辰) and Stomach(胃), Si(巳) and Spleen(脾), Wu(午) and Heart(心), Wei(未) and Small intestine(小腸), Shen(申) and Bladder(膀胱), You(酉) and Kidney(腎), Xu(戌) and Pericardium(心包), Hai(亥) and Tri-energizer(三焦), Which means that the function of the viscera and channels is the most active at that time. Twelve earthly branches mutual collisions collide with Zi(子) and Wu(午), Chou(丑) and Wei(未), Yin(寅) and Shen(申), Mao(卯) and You(酉), Chen(辰) and Xu(戌), and Si(巳) and Hai(亥). The two colliding earthly branches are on opposite sides, facing each other and restricting each other by the relation of Yin-Yin and Yang-Yang it rejects each other so a collision occurs. Six Correspondences(六合) coincide with Zi(子) and Chou(丑), Yin(寅) and Hai (亥), Mao(卯) and Xu(戌), Chen(辰) and You(酉) and Si(巳) and Shen(申) Wu(午) and Wei(未). Three combination(三合) is composed of ShenZiChen(申子辰), SiYouChou(巳酉丑), YinWuXu(寅午戌), and HaiMaoWei(亥卯未). Three combination(三合) is composed of ShenZiChen(申子辰), SiYouChou(巳酉丑), YinWuXu(寅午戌), and HaiMaoWei(亥卯未). This is because the time Six Qi(六氣) shifts in these three years are the same.

날개꼴 설계최적화에 대한 형태함수의 영향

조창열,문종윤,이형민 울산대학교 1999 공학연구논문집 Vol.30 No.2

천음속익형 설계에 있어서 꼴함수의 형태표현능력이 설계 최적화에 미치는 영향을 조사 하였다. 꼴함수는 천음속익형 설계에 있어서 설계효율성이 뛰어난 것으로 간주되고 있는 Vanderplaats의 기존익형과 형상표현능력이 상대적으로 뛰어난 Hicks-Henne 함수를 사용하여 비교하였다. Hicks-Henne 함수는 익형을 보다 자유롭게 잘 표현할 수 있도록 제어점을 조절하였다. 이와같이 개량된 꼴함수를 오일러유동해석을 이용한 천음속익형 설계최적화에 적용하였다. 양력 최대화 문제에 대해서 설계최적화를 수행한 결과, Vanderplaats 기존익형을 사용하였을 때보다 훨씬 크게 증가된 양력특성을 얻었다. 본 연구의 결과로서 실용적이며 우수한 성능의 최적설계형상을 구하기 위해서는 꼴함수의 형태표현능력이 지극히 중요하다는 사실을 확인하였다. The effects of various geometry generating capability of shape functions on the design optimization of transonic airfoils were investigated. Vanderplaats' existing airfoils and Hicks-Henne functions were tested as shape functions in the investigation. Vanderplaats' existing are considered as constructing one of the most efficient design optimization procedures, while Hicks-Henne functions can supplies a variety of airfoil geometries. The capability of various geometry generation of the Hicks-Henne functions was even more improved by adjusting their control points. These modified Hicks-Kenne functions were implemented in transonic airfoil design optimization based on the Euler equations, especially for the lift maximization with wave drag and area constraints. The results show dramatic improvement of lift compared with ones designed with Vanderplaats' existing airfoils. The investigation reveals that the precise geometry generating capability of shape functions plays a decisive roll in improving design performance as well as generating practically-usable airfoils.

동화 관련 활동이 유아의 창의성 증진에 미치는 효과

권창길 ; 이기영 ; 고윤희 ; 최성열 김천대학교 2005 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.26 No.-

This study is to find out about the effect of children's stories and related activities on the creativity of children by conducting a research on 90 5-year-olds attending Kindergraten B in Gumi City and Kindergarten F ing Gimcheon City.

볼엔드밀 가공시 이송변화에 따른 가공형상 특성

왕덕현,김원일,이윤경,임채열,우정윤,박창수 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Due to the development of the CNC machine tool and CAM software, sculptured surface machining can be broadly used in die and mold industries and ball end milling process is often used for the sculptured surface machining. It is found out how feedrate affects the precision of the machining and also tried to study the most suitable feedrate in specific cutting condition. Two eddy current sensors were used for measuring tool deflections of X, Y axis, dynamometer for cutting force and roundness tester for roundness. It was found that the tool deflection is getting better as tool path is going to farther from the center of convex surface. The reason is that the cutting force is increased as the tool approaches to the center. Examining the roundness, cutting force and tool deflection characteristics, it was found that the most suitable feedrate is 90mm/min in convex surface and 120mm/min in concave surface.

연곡천 송림보에서 어도의 개선에 따른 어류 종 조성 변화

윤영진,김지윤,김혜진,배대열,박구성,남창동,임경훈,이문용,이승용,문경도,이의행,안광국,Yun, Young-Jin,Kim, Ji Yoon,Kim, Hye-Jin,Bae, Dae-Yeol,Park, Gu Seong,Nam, Chang Dong,Lim, Kyung Hun,Lee, Moon-Yong,Lee, Seong-Yong,Moon, Kyeong-Do,Lee, 한국환경생물학회 2021 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.39 No.2

우리나라에서는 2020년에 생태계 건강성 측면에서 어류의 상하류 간 종적연결성 평가법에 대한 연구개발에 착수하였다. 본 연구는 최근 어류이동을 위한 아이스하버식 어도의 횡단구조물 개선이 이루어진 연곡천 송림보에서 2015~2020년 장기간 동안 보의 상하류 회유성 어종 이동성, 어류분포 특성, 섭식길드, 내성도 길드 및 종조성 변화를 분석하였다. 어류는 총 36종 5,136개체가 채집되었으며, 주요 회유성 어류는 황어(Tribolodon hakonensis), 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis), 연어(Oncorhynchus keta)로 3종이 확인되었다. 어도의 개선 이전(Pre-I)과 이후(Post-I) 비교분석에 따르면, 상류구간에서 일차담수어의 상대풍부도는 증가한 반면, 회유성 어종은 감소하였다. 송림보의 상/하류구간에서 어도(Fishway)를 이용하는 어류는 황어(58.4%), 은어(11.8%)로 나타났고, 상/하류 구간의 Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test에 따르면, 회유성 어류는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보여(p<0.05), 횡단구조물에 대한 생물학적 개선효과를 보였다. 한편, Mann-Kendall trend test 기반의 회유성 어류의 연별 변화는 유의한 수준(p>0.05)의 증가 혹은 감소의 경향은 확인되지 않았다. 따라서 어도의 개선 사업 시에는 물리적, 수리수문학적, 구조적 테스트뿐만 아니라 사전 및 사후의 어도이용 및 개선 효과에 대한 생물학적 시험도 반드시 필요할 것으로 사료된다. In 2020, South Korea initiated research and development of a longitudinal connectivity evaluation between upstream and downstream based on stream ecosystem health. This study analyzed the migration of upstream and downstream migratory fish species, fish distribution characteristics, trophic guilds, tolerance guilds, and species composition changes from 2015 to 2020 at Songrim weir in Yeongok stream, where the cross-structure of an ice harbor-type fishway for fish movement was recently improved. A total of 5,136 fish, including 36 species, were collected and three major migratory fishes were identified, namely, Tribolodon hakonensis, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis, and Oncorhynchus keta. According to the comparative analysis before (Pre-I) and after (Post-I) improvement of the fishway, the relative abundance of primary freshwater fish increased in the upstream section, while the number of migratory fishes decreased. The fish species that used the fishway in the Songrim weir were Tribolodon hakonensis (58.4%) and Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis(11.8%). According to the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test migratory fish showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the upstream and downstream, showing a biological improvement effect of the crossstructure. On the other hand, the annual change of migratory fish based on the MannKendall trend test did not significantly increase or decrease (p>0.05). Therefore, in the fish passage improvement project, it is necessary not only for physical, hydrological, and structural tests, but also for pre- and post-biological tests on the use and improvement effect of fishway.

A Study on the Analysis of Direct Normal Global Insolation for Installing Solar Tracking System in Korea

Yun Chang-Yeol(윤창열),Kim Hyun-Goo(김현구),Kang Yong-Heack(강용혁),Kim Yong-Il(김용일) 한국태양에너지학회 2014 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

A Study on the Quality Assessment for Solar Radiation Data in Korea

Yun Chang-Yeol(윤창열),Kang Yong-Heack(강용혁),Kim Hyun-Goo(김현구),Jo Dok-Ki(조덕기),Kim Yong-Il(김용일) 한국태양에너지학회 2015 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.3

ESTIMATION OF SOLAR RADIATION IN KOREA USING COMS IMAGERY AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL

Chang Yeol Yun,Chang Ki Kim,Jin Young Kim,Shin Young Kim,Hyun Goo Kim,Yong Heack Kang,Yong Il KIM 한국신재생에너지학회 2017 AFORE Vol.2017 No.11

Machine Learning Based Model for Global Horizontal Irradiance using COMS Imagery

Yun Chang-Yeol(윤창열),Kang Yong-Heack(강용혁),Kim Hyun-Goo(김현구),Kim Chang Ki(김창기),Kim Jin-Young(김진영),Kim Shin-young(김신영),Kim You-mi(김유미),Kim Yong-Il(김용일) 한국태양에너지학회 2016 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10