해도분석을 통한 낙동강 하구 사주 면적의 시ㆍ공간 변화

유창일(CHANG-ILL YOO),윤한삼(HAN-SAM YOON),류청로(CHEONG-RO RYU),이인철(IN-CHEOL LEE) 한국해양공학회 2006 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.20 No.6

This study discusses characteristic of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in the Nakdong estuarine for the last century, focusing on geomorphologic evolution and mobility of sand barriers in the view of coastal engineering. The Nakdong estuarine, the research subject, has a complexly changing natural environment by interaction between ground and marine elements such as ocean wave, tidal current, sediment, etc. Moreover, recently, unnatural geomorphologic changes (e.g., seaside reclamation, new harbor construction, etc.) has been radically increased in this area with increasing desire for coastal development. Because of this, its sand barrier has developed quite unstable condition. Therefore, to identify the development process of geomorphologic changes in this area, required is a close examination on historical characteristics of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in relation to surrounding seaside reclamation and physical environmental changes. This study, based on the marine charts published in between 1927 and 1995 year, analyzes the length and area of the sand barrier for the last hundred years, and investigates the cause of the changes by looking into the change of water depth for the last two years and doing ocean-physical site observations. In conclusion, the sand barrier of the Nakdong estuarine expands toward the open sea by 7.4~26 m in annual average, maintaining a fixed distance of 1,241~1.279 m, and its area is expected to increase about 2.8 k㎡ annually. This is characterized by the wocean wave from the open sea and the discharge of Nakdong River.

전기자극과 운동치료가 뇌졸중환자의 보행에 미치는 영향

송창호,이종삼 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

This study, adopting the pretest-post test experimental study, is designed to find out how the functional electrical stimulation makes effect on the walking of a patient with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke. The 46 subjects for this study were randomly sampled out of the patients who were hospitalized from September 1, 2003 to November 30, 2003 in A hospital in Kyungki-do. The patients were with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke and able to walk without supporting implements. The purpose of the study is firstly to analyze the change of ROM, TUG, 10mWT of a patient with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle when the functional electrical stimulation is applied and secondly to find out how the sex, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, duration of pain, experience of relapse and getting hurt from a fall of a patient make effect on the change. The ROM test was performed to check the range of motion of the ankle with a double armed universal goniometer. The test was done 3 times to take an average. TUG and 10mWT were for walking test. The statistical test was conducted using the SPSS 10.0/PC program by means of the following methods: x^2-test and t-test for testing homogeneity between the groups; paired t-test, independent sample t-test, F-test, and two-way ANOVA for analyzing the changes before and after the treatment, differences between the groups, and the affecting factors on the changes and, Pearson's correlation coefficient for testing the correlation between the changes in the dependent factors, The levels of statistical significance of all the data were maintained at p<.05. According to the test, ROM has more decreased in experimental group than in control group when the functional electrical stimulation was applied only to the experimental group. However, the significant statistic difference was not shown (p=.059). All of TUG 10mWT showed remarkable differences in the experimental group compared to the control group, showing the significant statistic difference (p=.000). On the one hand, the change of ROM TUG and 10mWT related with the HE, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, and experience relapse was a meaningless minimum value, The change of ROM related to the duration of pain and the experience of falling down was also meaningless, However, TUG, 10mWT showed significant statistic difference (p<.05), According to the test above, the application of functional electrical stimulation to a patient with spasticity of the ankle dorsiflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke makes significant effect on the walking of a patient, but the result has nothing with the sex, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, duration of pain, experience of relapse and getting hurt from a fall of a patient, The range of motion of the ankle doesn't show significant correlation with other dependant factors, However, it is regarded to give contribution to the balance and walking improvement of a patient. Therefore, this study expects to be a valuable clinical material for a patient with spasticity.

Utility of Climate Model Information For Water Resources Management in Korea

Jeong, Chang-Sam 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.8 No.6

우리나라도 세계적인 기후변화 추세에 따라 장래 수자원의 변동이 예상되고 있다. 이러한 문제에 대응하고 피해를 최소화하기 위해서는 미래의 기후를 예측하는 기상모형으로부터 유용한 정보를 추출하여 활용하는 방안을 마련하여야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 불확실성 분석을 통한 수자원 운영의 중심이 되는 국내 유역들에 대한 GCM모형의 활용성을 평가하는 것이다. 주된 기법은 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test를 이용하여 관측값과 GCM 모의값의 유의성을 평가하는 것이다. GCM의 시공간적 특성을 고려한 기법이 제안되었으며, 유럽의 ECMWF모형과 국내 기상연구소에서 모의한 서로 다른 해상도를 지니는 Metri-GCM의 표면 강수량과 표면온도 자료 등이 추출되어 적용되었다. 관측값으로는 유역대표 강수량, 온도, 유량 등의 자료가 적용되었다. 분석 결과 GCM의 유역별 적용성을 확인할 수 있었는데, 특히 온도 자료의 경우 대부분의 유역에 모든 모형의 모의 결과가 적용 가능함을 확인하였다. It is expected that conditions of water resources will be changed in Korea in accordance with world wide climate change. In order to deal with this problem and find a way of minimizing the effect of future climate change, the usefulness of climate model simulation information is examined in this study. The objective of this study is to assess the applicability of GCM (General Circulation Model) information for Korean water resources management through uncertainty analysis. The methods are based on probabilistic measures of the effectiveness of GCM simulations of an indicator variable for discriminating high versus low regional observations of a target variable. The formulation uses the significance probability of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for detecting differences between two variables. An estimator that accounts for climate model simulation and spatial association between the GCM data and observed data is used. Atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations done by ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) with a resolution of <TEX>$2^{\circ}{\times}2^{\circ}$</TEX>, and METRI (Meteorological Research Institute, Korea) with resolutions of <TEX>$2^{\circ}{\times}2^{\circ}$</TEX> and <TEX>$4^{\circ}{\times}5^{\circ}$</TEX>, were used for indicator variables, while observed mean areal precipitation (MAP) data, discharge data and mean areal temperature data on the seven major river basins in Korea were used for target variables. The results show that GCM simulations are useful in discriminating the high from the low of the observed precipitation, discharge, and temperature values. Temperature especially can be useful regardless of model and season.

Surgical Causes of Significant Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Signal Changes in Three-Column Spinal Surgery

Wi Seung Myung,Park Sang-Min,Chang Sam Yeol,Lee Jeongik,Kim Sung-Min,장봉순,Kim Hyoungmin 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.6

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: To evaluate the risks and causes of neurologic complications in three-column spinal surgery by analyzing intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) data. Overview of Literature: Three-column spinal surgery, which may be required to correct complex spinal deformities or resection of spinal tumors, is known to carry a high risk of neurologic complications. However, few studies reported a specific surgical procedure related to a significant IONM signal change during surgery. Methods: Multimodality IONM data, including somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP) and motor-evoked potentials (MEP), were reviewed in 64 patients who underwent three-column spinal surgery from 2011 to 2015. Surgical procedures included posterior vertebral column resection, pedicle subtraction osteotomy, total en bloc spondylectomy, piecemeal spondylectomy, and corpectomy with laminectomy (n=27) in three cervical, 34 thoracic, and 31 lumbar procedures. Results: Significant IONM signal changes occurred in 11 of 64 (17.1%) patients. SSEP and MEP were changed in 11 patients. Postoperative neurologic deterioration occurred in 54.5% (6 of 11) of the patients, and two of them were permanent. There was no postoperative neurologic deterioration in patients without significant signal change. Suspected causes of IONM data changes are as follows: adhesion/tethering, translation, contusion, and perfusion. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, to enhance neurologic safety in three-column spinal surgery, surgeons should pay attention to protect the spinal cord from mechanical insult, especially when the spinal column was totally destabilized during surgery, and not to compromise perfusion to the spinal cord in close cooperation with a neurologist and anesthesiologist.

A New Fluorescence Imaging Technique for Visualizing Hepatobiliary Structures using Sodium Fluorescein: Result of a Preclinical Study in a Rat Model

Sam?Youl Yoon,Chang Min Lee 대한외과학회 2018 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.11

경동맥 내막 절제술중 뇌보호와 신경생리학적 검사의 의의

신용삼,김선호,김종훈,민경태,김동익,유선국,이규창 대한신경외과학회 1998 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.27 No.8

CT 영상을 이용한 악골 골수염의 경조직 변화에 관한 연구

안창현,최보람,허경회,이원진,이삼선,최순철 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.3

Purpose : To assess the clinical findings and hard tissue changes of osteomyelitis of the jaws using computed tomographic (CT) image analysis. Materials and Methods : We reviewed and interpreted the CT images of 163 patients (64 males and 99 females, age range from 10 to 87 years) who visited the Seoul National University Dental Hospital from April 23, 2006 to December 31, 2008 and were diagnosed as osteomyelitis of the jaws through clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic examination. Each CT findings was investigated for frequency, correlation with age and gender. Results : Of the 163 patients, 31 (19.0%) were affected on the maxilla, 135 (82.8%) were affected on the mandible, and 3 (1.8%) were affected on the both jaws simultaneously. The mean age of the patients who were affected on the maxilla was 61.0 years and that of the patients who were affected on the mandible was 56.2 years. On the maxilla, the most frequent site of disease was the posterior area (83.9%) and on the mandible, mandibular body (83.0%), followed by angle (48.1%), ramus (38.5%), condyle (13.3%), incisal area (9.6%), and coronoid process (3.0%). Among the 31 maxillary osteomyelitis, defect in the trabecular bone was observed in 28 (90.3%), osteosclerosis 20 (64.5%), defect in the cortical bone 27 (87.1%), sequestrum 17 (54.8%), and periosteal reaction 2 (6.5%). Among the 135 mandibular osteomyelitis, defect in the trabecular bone was observed in 100 (74.1%), osteosclerosis 104 (77.0%), defect in the cortical bone 116 (85.9%), sequestrum 36 (26.7%), and periosteal reaction 67 (49.6%). Conclusion : Of our cases, the maxillary osteomyelitis was visibly observed more frequently in females than males. The incidence is the highest in seventies (28.8%) and the lowest in teens (3.1%). The osteomyelitis of the jaws was observed more frequently in males than females before the age of 50, and observed more frequently in females after the age of 50. The most noticeable point was that the sequestrum was observed more often on maxillary osteomyelitis and the periosteal reaction was observed more often on mandibular osteomyelitis. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2009; 39 : 163-8)

A Prospective Study with Cage-Only or Cage-with-Plate Fixation in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Interbody Fusion of One and Two Levels

Kim, Sam Yeol,Yoon, Seung Hwan,Kim, Dokeun,Oh, Chang Hyun,Oh, Seyang The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.60 No.6

Objective : The authors prospectively analyzed the effect of one-level or two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), comparing stand-alone cages and cage-with-plate fixation constructs with respect to clinical outcomes and radiologic changes. Methods : A total of 84 patients who underwent one-level (n=52) or two-level ACDF (n=32) for cervical disc disease and who completed 2 years of follow-up were included in this study. The patients were divided by cervical level and grouped into ACDF-Cage-only and ACDF-Cage-with-plate groups. The following parameters were assessed using radiographs : subsidence, C2-C7 lordosis angle, fusion segment angle, adjacent disc space narrowing, and fusion status. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the neck disability index (NDI) and visual analog scale scores for arm pain. Results : In the comparison of one-level ACDF-cage-only and ACDF-cage-with-plate groups, the NDI score was better in the cage-only group at the 3-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups : however, no significant difference in clinical outcomes was observed. In the comparison of two-level ACDF-cage-only and ACDF-cage-with-plate groups, no difference in any clinical outcome was observed between the two groups. At the 24-month follow-up, subsidence was observed in 45.8% of patients in the one-level cage-only group and 32.1% of patients in the one-level cage-with-plate fixation group. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between the two groups (p=0.312). Subsidence in the two-level cage-only group (66.6%) was significantly more frequent than in the two-level cage-with-plate fixation group (30%; p=0.049). The fusion rate for patients in the one-level cage-only group was not significantly different from that in the one-level cage-with-plate fixation group (cage-only, 87.5%; cage-with-plate fixation, 92.9%; p=0.425) ; fusion rate in the two-level patients were also similar between groups (cage-only, 83.3%; cage-with-plate fixation, 95%; p=0.31). Conclusion : Our clinical results showed that for single-level cases, plate fixation had no additional benefit versus cage-only; for two-level ACDF cases, the fusion rate and clinical outcomes were similar, although the cage-with-plate fixation group had a lower incidence of cage subsidence than did the cage-only group. We conclude that physicians should be aware of this possible disadvantage associated with using cervical plates in one-level ACDF. However, in two-level ACDF, subsidence is more likely to occur without plate fixation, and thus the addition of plate fixation should be considered.

응급실에서 시행한 상용심전도의 효용성에 대한 고찰

도호석,이창현,이삼범,도병수 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Study objectives : To determine whether routine performance of an ECG could have been safely avoided in a subset of ED(emergency department) patients admitted to a university hospital. Design : Retrospective consecutive case series. Setting : University teaching hospital. Type of participants : All patients admitted through Yeungnam university hospital during a three month period. Methods and interventions : Acceptable indications for an admission ECG were prospectively developed. Charts of all patients were reviewed to determine whether any of these were present, whether an admission ECG performed, and whether an admission ECG resulted in a change in patients management or outcome. Measurements and main result : There were 984 admissions through ED during the study period. Of these 608 patients had an ECG performed at ED. Of the 608 patients 140(23.0%) had at least one acceptable indication and 468(77.0%) had no for an ECG. Among the 140 who had an indication for an ECG at ED, 56(40.0%) patients ECG were interpreted abnormal (95% confidence interval[CI], 32%∼48%). Among the 468 who had no indications, only 3(0.64%) patients ECG were interpreted abnormal (95% CI, 0%∼1.36%) and the ECG result in a change in management, but no change in outcome (95% CI, 0%∼0.64%). Conclusion : The routine or admission ECG could have been avoided in no acceptable ED indication. We should have to try continuously for making acceptable criteria of ECG in ED of Korea, and then we have to prevent needless ECG and cardiac work up that increasing the cost and evacuation time from ED.

Dietary Exposure to Transgenic Rice Expressing the Spider Silk Protein Fibroin Reduces Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic Mice: The Potential Role of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Phosphorylation in Adipocytes

박지은,정연재,박준범,김혜영,유영현,이광식,양원태,김도훈,김종민 한국발생생물학회 2019 발생과 생식 Vol.23 No.3

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). T2DM is correlated with obesity and most T2DM medications have been developed for enhancing insulin sensitivity. Silk protein fibroin (SPF) from spiders has been suggested as an attractive biomaterial for medical purposes. We generated transgenic rice (TR) expressing SPF and fed it to diabetic BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb mice to monitor the changes in blood glucose levels and adipose tissue proteins associated with energy metabolism and insulin signaling. In the present study, the adipocyte size in abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice was remarkably smaller than that of the control. Whereas the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-activated protein kinase and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein levels were increased in abdominal adipose tissues after TR-SPF feeding, levels of six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) proteins decreased. Phosphorylation of AMPK at threonine 172 and IRS1 at serine 307 and tyrosine 632 were both increased in adipose tissues from TR-SPFfed mice. Increased expression and phosphorylation of IRS1 at both serine 307 and tyrosine 632 in adipose tissues indicated that adipocytes obtained from abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice were more susceptible to insulin signaling than that of the control. STAMP2 protein levels decreased in adipose tissues from TR-SPF-fed mice, indicating that STAMP2 proteins were reducing adipocytes that were undergoing lipolysis. Taken together, this study showed that TR-SPF was effective in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and that concurrent lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes was associated with alterations of AMPK, IRS1, and STAMP2. Increased IRS1 expression and its phosphorylation by TR-SFP were considered to be particularly important in the induction of lipolysis in adipocytes, as well as in reducing blood glucose levels in this animal model.