Patterns of care for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KROG 11-06) in South Korea

Soo Yoon Sung,Min Kyu Kang,Chul Seung Kay,Ki Chang Keum,Sung Hwan Kim,Yeon-Sil Kim,Won Taek Kim,Ji-Yoon Kim,Jin-Hee Kim,Sung Ho Moon,Yong Chan Ahn,Young Taek Oh,Hong-Gyun Wu,Chang-Geol Lee,Woong-Ki Ch 대한방사선종양학회 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.3

Purpose: To investigate the patterns of care for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in South Korea. Materials and Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective study was performed (Korean Radiation Oncology Group [KROG] 11-06) on a total of 1,445 patients from 15 institutions. Results: Of the 1,445 patients, more than half were stages III (39.9%) and IV (35.8%). In addition to patterns of care, we also investigated trends over time with the periods 1988–1993, 1994–2002, and 2003–2011. The frequencies of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography were markedly increased in the third period compared to previous 2 periods. Concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) was performed on 894 patients (61.9%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy on 468 patients (32.4%), and adjuvant chemotherapy on 366 patients (25.3%). Of stage II–IV patients, CCRT performed on 78.8% in 2003–2011 compared to 15.0% in 1988–1993. For patients treated with CCRT, cisplatin was the most commonly used agent in 81.3% of patients. Over the periods of time, commonly used radiotherapy (RT) techniques were changed from 2-dimensional RT (1988–1993, 92.5%) to 3-dimensional RT (2003–2011, 35.5%) or intensity-modulated RT (IMRT; 2003–2011, 56.5%). Median RT doses given to primary tumors, high-risk lymphatics, and low-risk lymphatics were 70.0 Gy, 58.1 Gy, and 48.0 Gy, respectively. Adoption of IMRT increased the dose per fraction and escalated total radiation dose. Conclusion: Assessment of the patterns of care for NPC patients in South Korea demonstrated that management for NPC including diagnostic imaging, treatment regimen, RT techniques and dose schedule, advanced in accordance with the international guidelines.

학교자치의 모형개발과 타당성 분석에 관한 연구

김창걸 ( Kim Chang-geol ),박윤정 ( Park Yoon-jung ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2005 교육문화연구 Vol.11 No.-

This study, based on precedent studies on the school autonomy theories and models, is intended to extract important management areas and essential conditions of school autonomy, establish a model of school autonomy by organizing these conditions and areas, make a validity analysis of this model, and propose alternatives for the development of school autonomy according to this model and validity analysis of this model. For validity analysis of model of school autonomy, questionnaires on the conditions precedents, implementation process and development path were designed and surveyed through middle and high school teachers in Incheon city. For analysis purpose, one sample t-test and one way ANOVA using data extracted by SPSS 10.0 program were performed. Findings of this study are summarized as follows; First, essential conditions of school autonomy are delegation of power, participatory decision making process(Teachers' Committee and School Council), evaluating school management, etc. and core management areas of school autonomy are establishment of educational purpose and plans, curriculum, budgeting, personnel management, facilities and environment management, student management and interaction with regional community, etc.. Second, according to the model formulated in this study, organizational resources such as national ideology, laws, educational policy and office regulations and human resources such as teachers and students etc. and material resources such as facilities, equipments, tools and budget and circulating resources such as time, knowledge, information and technology are utilized in educational activities through school purpose and developmental plans, detailed implementation plans, school management plans of each area and organization of planning and operation department which are fixed by Teachers' Committee, the decision-making body, and School Council, the consultation body. These educational activities and school management activities are evaluated by in-house and outside evaluating agencies, and possible shortcomings and long-term educational activities are assumed to be re-invested into school system and resource investment process as a feedback. Third, survey to teachers in Incheon city as a measure of validity analysis on the model of school management indicated that important factors of school autonomy are cultural environment and atmosphere, delegation of power and formation of Teachers' Committee and educational purpose and plans, facilities and environment management are areas where school autonomy is relatively well practiced and elements required for school autonomy are establishment of Teachers' Committee, change of social understanding School Autonomy and activation of School Council.

간 종양의 방사선치료에서 위내용적과 종양 위치 간의 관계

전미진,이창걸,이익재,최원훈,최윤선,신동봉,김종대,김세준,하진숙,조윤진,Jeon, Mi-Jin,Lee, Chang-Geol,Lee, Ik-Jae,Choi, Won-Hoon,Choi, Yun-Sun,Shin, Dong-Bong,Kim, Jong-Dae,Kim, Sei-Joon,Ha, Jin-Suk,Cho, Yoon-Jin 대한방사선치료학회 2010 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: It aims to evaluate the location change and tendency of hepatic and intrahepatic tumors according to gastric volume and change of location. Materials and Methods: It studied 9 patients with hepatic tumors who visited Gangnam Severance Hospital from March 2009 to April 2010 and who underwent CT or PET (Positron Emission Tomography) within 2 weeks before CT-simulation. The patients fasted for 6 hours before CT-simulation and drank 240~250 cc of water just before CT or PET for image fusion. Those two types of images were fused to RTP (Radiation Treatment Planning, Pinnacle 8.0h) focusing on bone structure of individual patients. Results: They drank 240~260 cc of water but their stomach volume after drinking water varied from 259.3 cc to 495.4 cc. Even though individual differences existed in the change of stomach volume before and after drinking water, the volume was increased by 130 cc (174%) on average. The change in absolute distance between the centers of tumors ranged from 0.52 cm to 3.04 cm (1.52 cm on average); from 0.1 cm to 1.35 cm (0.44 cm on average) in cranial-caudal direction; from 0.05 cm to 2.75 cm (1.22 cm on average) in left-right direction; and from 0.05 cm to 1.85 cm (0.33 cm on average) in ventral-dorsal direction. Conclusion: It is hard to predict the movement of tumors by observing stomach movement, due to great individual differences; however, it was observed that the location of hepatic tumors was right-sided as the stomach was filled with water. Thus, it is recommended to maintain the fastened state to secure the accuracy of hepatic tumor treatment. If it cannot maintain the fastened state, it is recommended to measure stomach volumes and movement in the patient to consider the movement of hepatic tumors before radiation treatment.

In Vivo Excision and Amplification of Large Human Genomic Segments Using Cre / loxP - and KBNA - 1 / oriP - mediated Machinery

Yoon, Young Geol,Kim, Jung Min,Kim, Sun Chang,Choi, Ja Young,Lee, Jun Hyoung 생화학분자생물학회 1970 BMB Reports Vol.34 No.4

Excision and amplification of pre-determined, large genomic segments (taken directly from the genome of a natural host, which provides an alternative to conventional cloning in foreign vectors and hosts) was explored in human cells. In this approach, we devised a procedure for excising a large segment of human genomic DNA, the iNOS gene, by using the Cre/loxP system of bacteriophage Pl and amplifying the excised circles with the EBNA-1/oriP system of the Epstein-Barr virus. Two loxP sequences, each of which serves as a recognition site for recombinase Cre, were integrated unidirectionally into the 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR regions of the iNOS gene, together with an oriP sequence for conditional replication. The traps-acting genes cre and EBNA-1, which were under the control of a tetracycline responsive P_(hcmv^*-1) promoter, were also inserted into the 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR regions of the iNOS gene, respectively, by homologous recombination. The strain carrying the inserted elements was stably maintained until the excision and amplification functions were triggered by the induction of cre and EBNA-1. Upon induction by doxycycline, Cre excised the iNOS gene that was flanked by two ZoxP sites and circularized it. The circularized iNOS gene was then amplified by the EBNA-1/oriP-system. With this procedure, approximately a 45.8-kb iNOS genomic fragment of human chromosome 17 was excised and successfully amplified in human cells. Our procedure can be used effectively for the sequencing of unclonable genes, the functional analysis of unknown genes, and gene therapy

In Vivo Excision and Amplification of Large Human Genomic Segments Using Cre/loxP-and EBNA-1/oriP-mediated Machinery

Yoon, Young-Geol,Choi, Ja-Young,Kim, Jung-Min,Lee, Jun-Hyoung,Kim, Sun-Chang Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2001 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.34 No.4

Excision and amplification of pre-determined, large genomic segments (taken directly from the genome of a natural host, which provides an alternative to conventional cloning in foreign vectors and hosts) was explored in human cells. In this approach, we devised a procedure for excising a large segment of human genomic DNA, the iNOS gene, by using the Cre/loxP system of bacteriophage P1 and amplifying the excised circles with the EBNA-1/oriP system of the Epstein-Barr virus. Two loxP sequences, each of which serves as a recognition site for recombinase Cre, were integrated unidirectionally into the 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR regions of the iNOS gene, together with an oriP sequence for conditional replication. The traps-acting genes cre and EBNA-1, which were under the control of a tetracycline responsive $P_{hcmv^*-1}$ promoter, were also inserted into the 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR regions of the iNOS gene, respectively, by homologous recombination. The strain carrying the inserted elements was stably maintained until the excision and amplification functions were triggered by the induction of cre and EBNA-1. Upon induction by doxycycline, Cre excised the iNOS gene that was flanked by two ZoxP sites and circularized it. The circularized iNOS gene was then amplified by the EBNA-1/oriP-system. With this procedure, approximately a 45.8-kb iNOS genomic fragment of human chromosome 17 was excised and successfully amplified in human cells. Our procedure can be used effectively for the sequencing of unclonable genes, the functional analysis of unknown genes, and gene therapy.

Structural Identifiction of Samcheonpo Bridge by Artificial Neural Network

Yoon Jah-Geol(윤자걸),Lee Jungwhee(이정휘),Kim Jung-In(김정인),Chang Sung-Pil(장승필) 대한토목학회 2004 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.10

인공신경망을 이용한 사장교의 손상 감지

윤자걸(Yoon Jah-Geol),김정인(Kim JungIn),장승필(Chang SungPil),문종훈(Moon JongHoon) 한국구조물진단유지관리학회 2003 한국구조물진단학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper, the simulation of damage assessment on a cable-supported bridge has been conducted by using artificial neural networks(ANN). The simulation was performed to prepare the experiment on a real bridge, and it is not recommendable to cause artificial damages to object structures in service stage. Therefore additional masses were put on the structure instead, and ANN was used to detect these additional masses. A few training scenarios were composed to find the most appropriate one and the sensitivity of detection to noises was also analyzed.

인공신경망을 이용한 사장교의 손상 감지

윤자걸 ( Yoon Jah-geol ),김정인 ( Kim Jungln ),장승필 ( Chang Sungpil ),문종훈 ( Moon Jonghoon ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2003 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

In this paper, the simulation of damage assessment on a cable-supported bridge has been conducted by using artificial neural networks (ANN). The simulation was performed to prepare the experiment on a real bridge, and it is not recommendable to cause artificial damages to object structures in service stage. Therefore additional masses were put on the structure instead, and ANN was used to detect these additional masses. A few training scenarios were composed to find the most appropriate one and the sensitivity of detection to noises was also analyzed.

Studies on In Vitro Maturation of Pig Follicular Oocytes

Kim,Chang-Keun,Chung,Yung-Chai,Lee,Myeung-Sik,Yoon,Jong-Taek,Pang,Myung-Geol,Chung,Kil-Saeng 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1989 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.2 No.1

본 실험은 돼지난포란의 체외성숙과 체외수정 효과를 높일 수 있는 방법을 찾기 위하여 시도 되었으며 직경 1-2㎜와 3-7㎜ 난포로부터 채란된 난자를 mKRB(-BSA)에 돼지발정 혈청(ESS), FCS 또는 투석돼지난포액(DFF)을 첨가한 성숙배양액에서 24-48시간, 37℃에서 배양하였다. 성숙된 난포란은 정소상체정자와 24시간 배양 후 전핵형성 여부를 조사하였다. 36-48시간 배양에서 50-60%의 난자가 metaphaseⅡ에 도달되었고 난포크기(1-2㎜와 3-7㎜) 간에 체외성숙률의 차이는 없었으나 3-7㎜ 난포란에서 성숙분열이 다소 빨랐다. 체외성숙배양액에 5% ESS,15% FCS 및 DFF 첨가시 대조구보다 다소 성숙률이 높았다. 체외수정율(전핵형성)은 5% ESS와 15% FCS 첨가 성숙시킨 난포란과 체내 수정능획득 정자와의 수정에서 각각 높은 경향이 있었다. 따라서 돼지난포란의 체외성숙과 수정에 ESS,FCS 및 투석난포액이 유효한 요인이 됨을 알 수 있었다. Experiment were designed to define and optimize efficiency of a system whereby pig follicular oocytes could be matured and fertilized in vilro. The pig oocytes removed from 1-2㎜ and 3-7㎜ follicles were cultured in vilro in mKRB(-BSA) solution containing estrous sow serum(ESS),FCS or dialyzed pig follicular fluid for 24 to 48h at 37℃. The oocytes matured in vilro were evaluated after epididymal spermatozoaoocytes incubation for 24h for pronucleus formation. 50-60% of the oocytes reached metaphaseⅡ during 36 to 48h of culture. There was no difference in oocytes maturation between two groups of follicular size but meiosis was slightly faster in the 3-7㎜ follicular oocytes. The oocytes matured in mKRB(-BSA) plus 5% ESS, 15% FCS or dialyzed follicular fraction showed slightly higher maturation rates than the control mKRB. In vilro fertilization, pronucleus formation, tended to be increased when mKRB(-BSA) plus 5% ESS or 15% FCS was used for oocyte maturation and in vivo-capacitated spermatozoa were inseminated, respectively. It is concluded that ESS,FCS and dialyzed pig follicular fluid may be effective factors for in vilro maturation and fertilization of pig follicular oocytes.

현장타설 캔틸레버 교량의 시공중계측

윤자걸(Yoon Jah-Geol),이정휘(Lee Jung-Whee),장승필(Chang Sung-Pil),김병국(Kim Byoung-Kuk) 대한토목학회 2000 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.1