Ischemia-Related Changes in Galanin Expression in the Dentate Hilar Region after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Gerbils

LEE, Hyeon Yong,HWANG, In Koo,KIM, Dae Ho,KIM, Jung Hwa,KIM, Chang Ho,LIM, Beong Ou,KANG, Tae-Cheon,BANG, Kyung Hwan,SEONG, Nak Sul,LEE, Hak Ju,KIM, Jong Dai,WON, Moo Ho Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science 2005 EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS Vol.54 No.1

<P>Although galanin (GAL) protects hippocampal neurons from ischemic damage, no study has examined ischemia-related changes in endogenous GAL in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. We investigated the chronological changes of GAL, well-known as the potassium channel opener, expression in the dentate gyrus at various times after 5 min of transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils. A few GAL-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were found in the polymorphic layer of the sham-operated group. Three hours after ischemia-reperfusion, the pattern of GAL immunoreactivity was similar to that of the sham-operated group and the number of GAL-IR neurons and immunoreactivity were highest 12 h after ischemic insult. At this time, GAL-IR neurons in the polymorphic layer showed strong GAL immunoreactivity. Thereafter, GAL-IR neurons and immunoreactivity significantly decreased in the dentate hilar region. Four days after ischemic insult, GAL-IR neurons were not detectable. In addition, the results of a Western blot study showed a pattern of GAL expression similar to the immunohistochemical changes. GAL protein content also was highest 12 h after ischemia. In conclusion, the increased expression of endogenous GAL in the dentate gyrus after ischemia is related to response to the ischemic damage.</P>

Economic Threshold for Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella (L.) ) on Leaf Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis italiana)

Seon-u Choi,Ju-Rak Lim,Ju-Hee Kim,Ki-Kwan Lee,Chang-yun Hwang 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

This study was conducted to develop the economic threshold for the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (L.) on Leaf Broccoli (leaf vegetable) in 2007. To investigate the relationship between initial density of diamondback moth larvae and broccoli leaf yield, experimental plots with five treatments (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 larvae per plant) as initial density were established. We inoculated larvae in chesses cloth covering to survey larvae density change. When grown to eat, leaves of broccoli were harvested by periods. 60-70% of larvae were removed whenever we picked the leaves. High levels of larvae were associated with significant reductions in leaf yield. There were 85%, 64%, 58%, and 56% yield reductions from the diamond back moth larvae density in 0, 0.5, 1,0, 1.5, 2.0 per plant, respectively 25days after larvae inoculation. The regression equation used to predict leaf yield based on the number of initial larvae density per a plant was y=1635-393x(R2=0.79***). The economic injury level of diamondback moth on leaf broccoli was 2-3 larvae per 10 plants for a damage level of 5%. The economic thresholds was 1-2 larvae per 10 plants. Thus, the diamond back moth management should be initiated 1-2 larvae occurrence per plant.

Finding key vulnerable areas by a climate change vulnerability assessment

Kim, Ho Gul,Lee, Dong Kun,Jung, Huicheul,Kil, Sung-Ho,Park, Jin Han,Park, Chan,Tanaka, Riwako,Seo, Changwan,Kim, Ho,Kong, Wooseok,Oh, Kyusik,Choi, Jinyong,Oh, Young-Ju,Hwang, Gangseok,Song, Chang-Keun Springer Netherlands 2016 Natural hazards Vol.81 No.3

<P>Extreme climate events such as typhoons, heat waves, and floods have increased in frequency with climate change. Many municipalities within the Republic of Korea (ROK) have experienced damage from these events, necessitating countermeasures. Vulnerability assessment has been suggested in the implementation of a national plan for reducing damage resulting from climate change. Thus, in this study, we assess the vulnerability of the ROK and identify key vulnerable municipalities in support of the national adaptation plan. We create a framework for assessing the vulnerability of all 232 municipalities of the ROK with respect to 32 items in 7 fields. The framework regards decision makers' comprehension and availability of data as important factors. We assess the vulnerability index of each municipality by using variables of climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation capacity. The weights of variables are determined by the Delphi method. We used the representative concentration pathways 8.5 climate scenario to reflect future climate exposure for the vulnerability assessment. From the analysis, vulnerability maps are prepared for the 32 items of 7 fields, and key vulnerable municipalities are identified by aggregating the maps. The distribution of vulnerable municipalities changes with the future climate conditions. These maps provide a scientific and objective basis for the ROK government to establish adaptation plans and allocate resources. The ROK government can utilize the results to identify the characteristics of highly vulnerable areas, and municipalities can use the results as a basis for requesting support from the national government.</P>

전형적인 DISIDA scan 소견의 Rotor 증후군 1예

황의태,염동한,권지혜,임종주,최창수,김태현,김학철 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.2

만성의 비용혈성 직접형 고빌리루빈혈증은 Rotor 증후군과 Dubin-Johnson 증후군의 특징적인 소견으로, Rotor 증후군은 드문 양성 유전성 질환이며, Dubin-Johnson 증후군과 감별을 필요로 한다. 본 저자들은 황달을 주소로 내원한 26세 남자 환자에서 고빌리루빈혈증에 대한 검사를 시행하여 담도폐쇄 소견없이 간담도 스캔상 전형적인 Rotor 증후군의 소견 즉, 강한 심장 배후방사능이 지속되면서, 간담도계의 조영은 지연 촬영에서도 관찰되지 않으며 신장으로의 배설이 계속 관찰되는 특징적인 소견과 정상 간조직 검사 결과로 Rotor 증후군으로 진단한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Chronic nonhemolytic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia characterizes both Rotor and Dubin-Johnson syndromes. Rotor syndrome is a rare, benign familial disorder and needs to be differentiated from Dubin-Johnson syndrome. Cholescintigraphy is a simple and informative procedure for the diagnosis, which can differentiate Rotor syndrome from Dubin-Johnson syndrome. A 26-year-old man was admitted due to asymptomatic persistent jaundice. Physical examination revealed icteric sclera without hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory findings showed increased serum bilirubin with direct bilirubinemia. Markedly decreased hepatic uptake and poor visualization of the gallbladder and biliary tract were shown in ^(99m)Tc-DISIDA scan. Histology of the liver showed no diagnostic abnormality without pigmentation. But, we report a case of Rotor syndrome that showed characteristic cholescintigraphic findings with normal urinary total coproporphyrin excretion.

자아강도와 자기은폐에 따른 상담 동기와 상담자에 대한 기대

장성숙,황주연 가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 2006 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 자기은폐와 자아강도에 따라 상담동기와 상담자에 대한 기대가 어떻게 다른지 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 일반 대학생 348명을 대상으로 인구통계학적 변인을 포함한 자기은폐, 자아강도, 상담동기, 상담자에 대한 기대 질문지를 실시하였다. 먼저, 상담자에 대한 기대 질문지를 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 4개의 요인이 추출되었고 그중 3개의 요인을 선택하여 상담자의 지시성, 자기노출, 공감성으로 명명하였다. 본 분석에서는 자기은폐, 자아강도와 두 변인 간의 상호작용이 상담동기와 상담자에 대한 기대에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 위계적 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 자아강도가 강할수록 상담에 대한 동기가 높았고, 자기은폐가 높을수록 상담에 대한 동기는 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 둘째, 상담자에 대한 기대에는 자기은폐의 주효과가 있어 자기은폐 수준이 높을수록 상담자에 대한 기대는 높아졌다. 또한 자아강도와 자기은폐의 상호작용효과로 인하여, 자기은폐 수준이 높으면 자아강도 수준에 따라 상담자에 대한 기대는 차이가 없이 높았고, 자기은폐 수준이 낮으면 자아강도가 강할수록 상담자에 대한 기대는 낮아졌다. 셋째, 상담자의 자기노출과 공감성에 대한 기대에 자기은폐가 영향을 주었고 각 하위요인들에 대해 자아강도와 자기은폐의 상호작용효과는 없었다. 즉, 자기은폐 수준이 높을수록 상담자의 자기노출과 공감을 더 기대한다고 할 수 있다. 유의미하지는 않았지만 상담자의 지시성에 대해서도 자아강도와 자기은폐의 상호작용효과가 있었다. 자기 은폐 수준이 높으면 자아강도 수준에 따라 상담자 지시성에 대한 기대는 차이가 없이 높았고, 자기은폐 수준이 낮으면 자아강도가 강할수록 상담자 지시성에 대한 기대는 낮아졌다. 끝으로 본 연구 결과에 대한 논의 및 연구의 의의, 그리고 제한점과 향후 연구에 대한 시 사점들을 언급하였다. The purpose of this study was to find out differences in counseling motivation and expectations about counselor in accordence with the effects of self-concealment and ego-strength. To do this, 348 university students(165 men, 183 women) were asked to the questionnaire which were composed of self-concealment, ego-strength, counseling motivation and expectations about counselor and demographic informations. Through a factor analysis of the expectations about counselor, four factor were extracted. Three factors of them were choosen and named counselor's directiveness, self-disclosure, empathy. The results of this study are as follow: first, the ego-strength affected significantly on counseling motivation. The higher was the ego-strength, the higher counseling motivation. And the higher was self-concealment, the lower counseling motivation but nonsignificantly. Second, the higher was self-concealment, the higher expectations about counselor. And there was an interaction between the ego-strength and self-concealment. That is, when the self-concealment was low, the expectations about counselor became lower as the ego-strength get higher, but not so when it was high. Third, the self-concealment affected significantly on counselor's self-disclosure and empathy. The higher the self-concealment of the student was, the more he or she expected counselor's self-disclosure and empathy. Although of not significant level, ego-strength interact with self-concealment about counselor's directiveness. That is, when the self-concealment was low, the expectations about counselor' directiveness became lower as the ego-strength get higher, but not so when it was high. Finally, the results of this study, counseling implications, the limit of this study and suggestion for future are discussed in the last session.

섬모상 담체에 부착/ 생장하는 질산화 미생물의 Fluorescence in situ Hybridization에 의한 동정

황선진,장주희,장현섭 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.6

FISH (Fluorescence in situ Hybridization) technique was applied to the several nitrifiers in the bulk solution and on the Cilium media to promote nitrification process. It was confirmed by the results of Nso190 and NEU image analysis that ammonia oxidizer forms 'cluster' when they appears in both bulk and media. Another significant fact was that lots of microbial flocs were observed on the surface of the Cilium media substratum instead of biofilm. And from the results of NEU, it was known that Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrosomonas eutopha and Nitrococcus mobilis or one or two of these three were the dominant ammonia oxidizers. The fact that no Nitrobacter sp. was detected with NIT3 probe means naturally that nitrite oxidizer in the nitrification reactor was not composed of Nitrobacter sp. but with other nitrite oxidizers like Nitrospira sp. etc. In order to detect these nitrite oxidizers, suitable probes must be tested.

만성적 스트레스 및 불규칙적인 운동이 심혈관 질환의 위험인자에 미치는 영향

송영주,권대근,장창현,정영미,황정윤,성동진 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study was conducted to invastigate the effect of everyday life stress level and temporary physical activity by the stress on stress-related hematologic indices. The subjects were 83 male older aged men and they were received a questionaire about everyday life stress level and temporary physical activity by the stress and collected whole blood after overnight fasting state. Obtained results were as follows: 1. CRP level CRP level of MS group was significantly increased compared to SS group(p<.05). However, CRP level between PA and NP was not significant difference. 2. Cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid level Cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid level of MS group was significantly increased compared to SS group(p<.05). However, Cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid level between PA and NP was not significant difference. 3. WBC counts WBC counts of MS group was significantly increased compared to SS group(p<.05). However, WBC counts between OP and PA was not significant difference. From these results, increased stress in everyday life aggravate blood components related cardiovascular risk factors and immune system. In addition, acute exercise for stress attenuation does not improve blood components related cardiovascular risk factors and immune system. In summary, regular exercise and optimal nutrition and rest will be attenuate cardiovascular risk factors and immune system.

자치행정에서 자원적 영역의 활용에 관한 연구 : 충남·대전지역사례를 중심으로 Focused on Chungnam and Taejon Region

윤주명,황창순 순천향대학교 사회과학연구소 1997 순천향 사회과학연구 Vol.3 No.1

Fluoroacetate(Platol)중독 증상 연구 : 자살기도자를 중심으로

한창환,황주연,김경식,안석철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical problems of fluoroacetate intoxication. The total number of the fluoroacetate intoxication patients who came to the emergency room of Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1, 1983 to Aug. 31, 1983 were 96 cases. Among them, 41 attempters who were consulted to the psychiatrist were evaluated and observed in detail. The following results were obtained. 1. The rodenticide poisoning accounts for 37.2% of all toxic substance intoxication(total 266 cases) at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1983. Among them, 96 cases(36.1%) of fluorcacetate intoxication were observed. 2. Female was affected 2.4 times more frequently than male. 35.5% of total cases belonged to age group 21∼30years, when incidence was most prevalent 3. As the route of drug obtainment, supplement were commonest(63.3%), purchase in 29.4%. 4. CNS disturbances such as drowsiness, stupor, semicoma and irritability were observed in 75.6% of the cases. Speech disturbances such as dysarthria, childish speech was observed in 9.8%of the cases. Convulsion(29.3%), tremor(12.2%) spasm and twitching(4.9%) were also frequently observed. Tachycardia was found in 43.8% of the cases and other frequent symptoms were nausea and vomiting(53.7%), abdominal pain(34.2%), mild or high fever(26.8%). Lower calcium(below 9mg) was found in 29.3% of the cases and lower potassium(below 3.5mEq) was found in 22.0% of the cases. EKG findings revealed QT prolongation(22.0%), ST-T change(22.0%) and u-wave, RBBB, and PVC(14.6%). 5. 92 cases(95.8%) recovered without sequelae and 4 cases(4.2%) expired.

오메푸라졸 함유 직장좌제의 제제설계

이창현,황성주,오세종,이계주 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

In order for formulation of rectal containing OMZ, the OMZ suppositories were prepared using water-soluble base, PEG 4000 base and oil-soluble base, Witepsol H 15. Chemical stability of OMZ in suppositories was increased when Witepsol H 15 was used as a suppository base and arginine was added as a stabilizer. The decomposition of OMZ in suppository bases followed the first-order kinetics and their rate constants were 0.11 day^-1(t_1/2 = /6.25 days) for Witepsol H 15 suppository and 0.48 day^-1(t_1/2=/1.43 days) for PEG 4000 suppository, respectively. On the other hand, the decomposition rate constants of Witepsol suppository and PEG suppository stabilized with arginine were 3.89×10 exp(-3)(t_1/2=171.1 days) and 8.76×10 exp(-3) day^-1(t_1/2=79.9 days), respectively. Shelf-lives of the Witepsol and PEG suppositories stabilized with arginine were t_90% = 291.8 days and t_90% = 282.1 days at 35℃ and 75% RH, respectively. The dissolution test of OMZ suppositories was performed by rotating dialysis cell(RDC) method and the release rate constant was calculated by the simplified Higuchi's equation, Q'=K't^1/2. Dissolution of OMZ from suppositories was augmented as arginine was added, particle size of OMZ was reduced and a suitable surfactant such as SLS was added. RDC method was more appropriate and available than Paddle method to evaluate the dissolution rate of lipophilic-base suppositoies. Arginine was found to be a very useful exipient for the enhancement of stability and dissolution of OMZ in suppositories.