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Lipid Profile Change after Thyroidectomy
Chih Hao Chu,Soo Young Kim,Yong Sang Lee,Hang-Seok Chang 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2020 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.20 No.3
Purpose: Thyroid diseases and lipid metabolic abnormalities have been reported to be correlated. In patients with thyroid cancer, thyroid stimulating hormone levels are suppressed to prevent recurrence. Many studies have reported dyslipidemia associated with thyroid function, although its extent before and after thyroidectomy remains to be studied. This study aimed to determine the lipid levels for administering accurate lipid treatment in thyroid cancer patients post thyroidectomy. Methods: In total, 1,203 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy between June 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016 at the Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, were enrolled in the study. Of these, patients aged <19 years and taking medication for dyslipidemia were excluded. Finally, we enrolled 295 thyroid cancer patients who underwent thyroidectomy and whose lipid profiles were confirmed pre- and post-operatively. Results: The total cholesterol levels in the lobectomy group without levothyroxine supplementation were significantly increased 1 year after surgery than those before surgery (168.17±29.19 mg/dL vs. 182.50±34.03 mg/dL, P=0.003). Additionally, the triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly decreased in the lobectomy with levothyroxine supplementation and total thyroidectomy groups, whereas cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels showed no significant change. No significant changes in the levels of cholesterol, LDL-C, and TG were observed in all the 3 groups. Conclusion: Extent of surgery and levothyroxine supplementation had an insignificant impact on the levels of cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared pre- and post-operatively.
폐경 전후 여성에서 생화학적 골대사지표들의 폐경기간에 따른 변화 양상에 관한 연구
추형식(Hyung Sik Chu),채희동(Hee Dong Chae),김정훈(Chung Hoon Kim),장윤석(Yoon Seok Chang),목정은(Jung Eun Mok),강병문(Byung Moon Kang),조준식(Jun Sik Jo),강은희(Eun Hee Kang) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.12
N/A Changes of bone turnover with aging are responsible for bone loss and play a major role in osteoporosis. Among the early postmenopausal women, as are known by previous study, there are about 35% fast bone losers and bone turnover is more uncoupled in osteoporotic group than in normal control. So, early detection of such fast losers and women who have high turnover rate is important to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis and spontaneous fracture. Dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA), however, cannot reflect current bone loss because changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are only seen after 1 or more years of bone densities declining. In this study, we have measured a battery of new sensitive and specific markers of bone turnover which reflect current bone loss. To investigate the changing pattern of those markers, 674 healthy women including 451 postmenopausal women were classified, according to their menopausal period (less than 5 years, 5-10 years, more than 10 years). Bone formation was assessed by serum osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and bone resorption by the urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (DPD), cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX). All Biochemical markers, except OC, significantly increased after menopause (p < 0.05). NTX and BSAP remained elevated after 10 years of menopause. These data indicated that the overall rates of both bone formation and bone tesorption increased after menopause and remained high in elderly women.
Larval Development of a Sessile Barnacle Balanus improrisus Darwin (Cirripedia: Thoracica)
Lee Chu,Shim Jeong Min,Jee Young-Ju,Ryu Ho Young,Kim Bong-Seok,Kim Chang Hyun The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 1998 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.1 No.1
The larvae of Balanus improvisus were reared in the laboratory from hatching to cyprid. Larval development consists of six nauplius stages and a cyprid. Morphological features of all the nauplius stages are illustrated and described.
알루미늄 압출판재의 프레스성형 중 파열조건에 대한 조사
주석재(Seok Jae Chu),박창구(Chang Gu Park),조은화(Eun Hwa Cho) 대한기계학회 2014 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.38 No.3
선루프 트랙은 알루미늄을 압출하고 프레스성형하여 생산한다. 프레스성형 중 날카롭게 굽혀진 좌면의 가장자리를 따라 균열이 발생하였다. 좌면의 가장자리를 절단하여 펀치와 다이 모서리의 최종위치를 측정하고 균열발생과의 관계를 조사하였다. 그리고, 이 최종위치까지 굽힘을 유한요소 시뮬레이션하여 임계변형률을 구하였다. 한편, 소재의 방향, 경도, 굽힘 가장자리 길이, 굽힘반경의 여러 가지 다른 조합에 대하여 3점굽힘시험을 수행하였다. 그리고, 3점굽힘시험에 대한 유한요소 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 임계변형률을 구하여 비교하였다. Sunroof tracks are manufactured by press-forming extruded aluminum sheets. During press forming, cracking occurs along the sharply bent edge. The final positions of the punch and die were measured on the section, and their relation to cracking was investigated. Finite element simulation of bending to the final position was done to find the critical strains. Three-point bending tests with different material orientations, hardnesses, bending edge lengths, and bending radii were carried out in the laboratory, and finite element simulation of the three-point bending tests was performed to find the critical strains.
장석규(Seok-Kyu Chang),주인철(In-Cheol Chu),송철화(Chul-Hwa Song) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11
For the development of the constitutive relations in the interfacial area transport equations, adiabatic air-water two-phase flow experiments were conducted on a 4x4 rod bundle array. A squared center subchannel was chosen for the measurement of a total 1,321 points in a full subchannel, and the axial location of measured section was placed at 44D<SUB>H</SUB> from the inlet of the bundle array. Bundle array was consisted of 16 rods with a diameter of 25.4 ㎜, a rod to rod pitch of 33.7 ㎜ and the subchannel hydraulic diameter, D<SUB>H</SUB> of 31.5 ㎜. A double-sensor optical probe with the automatic controlled traverse system was used for the measurement of flow parameters such as local void fraction, interfacial velocity, Sauter mean diameter and interfacial area concentration in a subchannel. Three data sets were acquired consisting of void fractions, about 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 at a superficial liquid velocity, 1.60 ㎧. The detailed profiles of two-phase flow parameters in a subchannel were obtained and the phase distribution patterns according to the bubble conditions were discussed.
주석범(Seok Beom Chu),김창수(Chang Su Kim) 한국강구조학회 2002 韓國鋼構造學會 論文集 Vol.14 No.6
An analysis program using orthotropic plate elements was developed to simplify the analysis of plates stiffened with open ribs and the orthotropic behavior of stiffened plates and the application of this program were evaluated using the sensitivity analysis and the parametric study. The inertial moment ratio, i.e., the ratio of the inertial moment of the rib to that of the plate was defined and the orthotropic behavior of stiffened plates corresponding to the inertial moment ratio was proved by the sensitivity analysis. To evaluate the application of this program, the parametric study for various types of stiffened plates was performed and then the maximum displacement of this study was compared to that of ABAQUS using isoparametric plate elements. The Results of this study agreed well with that of ABAQUS at the particular inertial moment ratio, that is proposed to the limit ratio of the orthotropic plate analysis and the correlative function between the error ratio and the inertial moment ratio was obtained. Therefore, the orthotropic plate analysis of stiffened plates with open ribs could have safe results over the limit ratio and also have good results simply by using the correlative function of this study.
전원전압과 DC-link 전압 추정에 의한 3상 컨버터 센서리스 제어
추흥석(Hung-Seok Chu),천창근(Chang-Gun Cheon),안진우(Jin-Woo Ahn),김철우(Cheul-U Kim) 전력전자학회 2001 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.7
A new control method of three phase converter without measuring input phase-voltage and DC-link voltage is proposed. Input phase-voltage of these required voltages<br/> is estimated using EKF(Extended Kalman Filter) and DC-link voltage is estimated from the measured line currents and the estimated input phase-voltage. This control method is achieved without PLL(Phase Locked Loop) which senses the angle of input phase-voltage and DC-link voltage sensor. In additon, the proposed method controls high power factor and DC-link voltage utilizing the estimated phase angle. This paper describes the effectiveness of the proposed estimated algorithm through simulations.