Effect of Dietary Concentrate:forage Ratios and Undegraded Dietary Protein on Nitrogen Balance and Urinary Excretion of Purine Derivatives in Dorper×thin-tailed Han Crossbred Lambs

Ma, Tao,Deng, Kai-Dong,Tu, Yan,Jiang, Cheng-Gang,Zhang, Nai-Feng,Li, Yan-Ling,Si, Bing-Wen,Lou, Can,Diao, Qi-Yu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.2

This study aimed to investigate dietary concentrate:forage ratios (C:F) and undegraded dietary protein (UDP) on nitrogen balance and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) in lambs. Four Dorper${\times}$thin-tailed Han crossbred castrated lambs with $62.3{\pm}1.9$ kg body weight at 10 months of age were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of two levels of C:F (40:60 and 60:40) and two levels of UDP (35% and 50% of CP), according to a complete $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design. Each experimental period lasted for 19 d. After a 7-d adaptation period, lambs were moved into individual metabolism crates for 12 d including 7 d of adaption and 5 d of metabolism trial. During the metabolism trial, total urine was collected for 24 h and spot urine samples were also collected at different times. Urinary PD was measured using a colorimetric method and creatinine was measured using an automated analyzer. Intake of dry matter (DM) (p<0.01) and organic matter (OM) (p<0.01) increased as the level of UDP decreased. Fecal N was not affected by dietary treatment (p>0.05) while urinary N increased as the level of UDP decreased (p<0.05), but decreased as dietary C:F increased (p<0.05). Nitrogen retention increased as dietary C:F increased (p<0.05). As dietary C:F increased, urinary excretion of PD increased (p<0.05), but was not affected by dietary UDP (p>0.05) or interaction between dietary treatments (p>0.05). Daily excretion of creatinine was not affected by dietary treatments (p<0.05), with an average value of $0.334{\times}0.005$ mmol/kg $BW^{0.75}$. A linear correlation was found between total PD excretion and PDC index ($R^2$ = 0.93). Concentrations of creatinine and PDC index in spot urine were unaffected by sampling time (p>0.05) and a good correlation was found between the PDC index (average value of three times) of spot urine and daily excretion of PD ($R^2$ = 0.88). These results suggest that for animals fed ad libitum, the PDC index in spot urine is effective to predict daily excretion of PD. In order to improve the accuracy of the spot sampling technique, an appropriate lag phase between the time of feeding and sampling should be determined so that the sampling time can coincide with the peak concentration of PD in the urine.

Research on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes and their application in solution-processed polymeric matrix composites: A review

Feng, Tao,Liu, Neng,Wang, Shunjie,Qin, Can,Shi, Shengwei,Zeng, Xueying,Liu, Gang Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.6

This review highlights and categorizes the approaches for preparation of CNTs dispersion and polymer/CNTs composites via solution-based strategies. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate unique physical and chemical properties, which allow several exciting potential applications in various fields including nanocomposites. Presently, the commercialized application of CNTs is still quite limited due to the formation of CNTs bundles, which significantly degrade the properties. Therefore, well dispersion of CNTs in nanocomposites is quite important, especially for CNTs/polymer composites, as a small amount of CNTs can improve the composite properties dramatically. This article will review the research on the dispersion of CNTs (including covalent and non-covalent functionalization) and the fabrication of CNTs/polymer composites through solution-based strategies by using the CNT dispersions. Moreover, the factors influencing the properties of CNTs/polymer composites will be discussed as well as the future outlook.

Calculation of Effect Ratio of 21 Geometric Errors and Detection of Surface Figure Error

Tao Lai,Xiaoqiang Peng,Guipeng Tie,Can Yang 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.4

Traditionally, a machine tool is regarded as a rigid-multi body system, and it is studied by integrated geometric error modeling. Considering a three axis-machine, this study introduced the ratio and effects of the geometric errors on the surface figure error. First, based on synchronous iteration location, a surface matching model was employed to assess the coordinate measurement result. Subsequently, considering all the geometric error functions having the same parameters, the effect ratio and the surface figure error of a single geometric error were obtained. Concurrently, based on the effect ratio and surface figure error results, the main geometric errors were obtained, such as EZX, EZY, EAX, and COY. Moreover, the proposed method and the main errors were experimentally verified. By compensating the main errors, the sphere accuracy was improved by 53.4% and the flat accuracy by 70.0%. Additionally, the method proposed in this paper could be utilized to detect the surface figure error.

The Effect of h-BN Buffer Layers in Bilayer Graphene on Co (111)

Can Li,Yan Liu,Bin Zhang,Tao Wang,Qing Guo,Kuang Sheng,You Yin 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.10

Understanding of the interface of Co/graphene is essential for applications of graphene-based devices, as well as in the process of graphene synthesis. In this paper, the Co/graphene interface, including five structures of bilayer graphene (BLG) on Co (111) surface with bilayer or monolayer BN buffer sheets, is investigated by using density functional theory calculations. The corresponding atomic and electronic structures and Mulliken charge populations are also analyzed. The bilayer BN sheets are found to be the thinnest insulator for the backside Co metal gate, which shields BLG from Co substrate pining, decreases the charges influenced by the substrate, and improves BLG transport mobility.

Bandgap Engineering of Monolayer MoS2 under Strain: A DFT Study

Can Li,Bowen Fan,Weiyi Li,Luowei Wen,Yan Liu,Tao Wang,Kuang Sheng,You Yin 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.11

In this paper, density functional theory calculations are used to investigate the monolayer MoS2 in terms of the strain by analyzing the structure parameters: the bandgap, the density of states (DOS) and the Milliken charges. The calculations indicate that an increasing external stain tends to depress the ripple structure with a shorter S-S interlayer spacing and to enlarge the length of the Mo-S bond. Tensile strain dramatically alteres the bandgap; however, compressive strain almost does not. The change in the bandgap is explained by an analysis of the DOS, the partial density of states (PDOS), the structure parameters and the Mulliken charge distribution. The effects of strain on the Mulliken charge and the length of the Mo-S band cause bandgap differences under tensile and compressive strain.

Tunable Bandgap of Monolayer Black Phosphorus by Using Vertical Electric Field: a DFT Study

Tao Wang,Yan Liu,Qing Guo,Bin Zhang,Kuang Sheng,Can Li,You Yin 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.6

Using a ab initio plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential method based on the generalized gradientapproximation (GGA), we investigate the bandgap tuning in monolayer black phosphorus byapplying external electric fields perpendicular to the layers. The bandgap continuously decreaseswith increasing applied electric fields, eventually rendering them metallic. We use the giant Starkeffect, which is essentially characterized by an interlayer spacing to explain the rate of change ofthe bandgap with the applied external field. The atomic distance and charges also contribute to thesemiconductor-to-metal transition. Our investigations show the bandgap change for the fabricationof novel electronic and photonic devices.

The Study of Tool Wear About Ceramic Cutting Tool Processing Mechanism of Super-alloy

Zhao Can,Tao GuangFu,Liu Yubo,Guo Yanyan,Zhang Yanhui 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.5

Separately using two different types of ceramic cutting tool, through the experiments of ceramic cutting tool to study the processing of super-alloy of tool wear, compare the two processing the cutting tool wear condition, and further analysis of the wear mechanism of ceramic cutting tool process, and get the related conclusion.

Different Impact on the Stability Limits Caused by the Selection of Milling Force Coefficient under the State of High-Speed Milling

Zhao Can,Tao GuangFu,Liu Yubo,Guo Yanyan 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.8

To analyze the influence caused by different cutting parameters on the cutting force and get the coefficient of milling force obtained under the state of high-speed milling, the high-speed milling test was conducted through carbide cutting tools milling the titanium impeller under the state of high speed. Firstly, the influence on the three target force, caused by every parameter, was analyzed through orthogonal experiment. And then, the milling force coefficient got from two different formula was compared in this article. Calculated and experimental results show that the milling force coefficient got by means of the empirical formula reduced flutter stability limit, however, he milling force coefficient got by means of parsing not. At last, it also provide data to support to avoid the chatter occurred between tool and workpiece and select the processing parameters optimally.

Effects of Isosorbide on the Microphase Separation and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings

Jun Hu,Can Tao,Aining Yuan,Junjie Bao,Qin Cheng,Gewen Xu,Yiping Huang 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.2

Series of waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) containing poly(tetra methylene glycol) (PTMG), 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI), 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol (TMPD), isosorbide (ISO) and ethylenediamine (EDA) were synthesized. The effects of ISO on the structure and properties of WPUs were studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), mechanical test, chemical resistance and hardness test. The deconvolution analysis of FTIR of WPUs revealed that the hydrogen bond interaction in the WPUs increased with the increase of ISO content. Furthermore, the degree of microphase separation was increased with the increase of hydrogen bond interaction, which was confirmed by DSC, XRD and DMTA test. The results demonstrated that the addition of ISO can increase the hydrogen bond interaction between the hard and hard segments in WPUs, which improved the mechanical properties of the WPU films. The highest tensile strength was obtained of 59.67 MPa when the content of isosorbide was 10.35 wt%. Moreover, the ISO was helpful to improve the chemical resistance and hardness of the coatings by the comprehensive performance analysis.

Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Waterborne Polyurethane Based on 4'-p-N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)benzyl-3,3':6',2"-Terpyridine

Xixi Han,Can Tao,Zhiqian Xie,Junjie Bao,Yiping Huang,Gewen Xu 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.3

Cationic waterborne polyurethane fluorescent material based on 4"-p-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)benzyl-3,3":6",2""-terpyridine (TPPDA-CWPU) was synthesized. The structure was characterized by FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The content of TPPDA in the fluorescent polyurethane was 6.3×10<SUP>-4</SUP> mg/mg and the grafting ratio was 33.87%. The number-averaged and weight-average molecular weights of TPPDA-CWPU were about 16060 and 27131 g·mol<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The maximum absorption wavelength of TPPDA-CWPU was blue shifted ca. 6 nm compared to TPPDA. TPPDACWPU showed different fluorescence properties under different solid content. Compared with 20% solid content, the fluorescence intensity of 1% solid content increased by ten times. The quantum yield of TPPDA-CWPU was 0.3, which was four times higher than that of TPPDA. Moreover, TPPDA-CWPU was sensitive to acidic condition and there was the phenomenon of fluorescence quenching in the case of strong acidic conditions. It is believed that more applications will be possible in the pH-responsive polymer.