Investigation on Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities, Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Some Thai Edible Plants as an Alternative for Antibiotics

Lee, J.H.,Cho, S.,Paik, H.D.,Choi, C.W.,Nam, K.T.,Hwang, S.G.,Kim, Soo-Ki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.10

This study was aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidative properties of seven edible plants from Thailand to develop alternative antibiotics as feed additives. The plants include Citrus aurantifolia Swingle (Lime) fruits and its leaves, Sesbania grandiflora L. (Agati sesbania) leaves, Piper sarmentosum Roxb (Wild betal) leaves, Curcuma domestica Valeton (Turmeric) roots, Morinda citrifolia L. (Beach mulberry) leaves, Cassia siamea britt (Siamea cassia) leaves, and Cocos nucifera L. (Coconut) peels. The plants were extracted by methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined by agar diffusion assay against Escherichia coli, Burkholderia sp., Haemopilus somnus, Haemopilus parasuis, and Clostridium perfringens that were considered pathogenic strains in livestock infection. Methanol extracts of C. aurantifolia Swingle fruits and leaves showed the broadest spectrum of antibacterial activities except for C. perfringens. Butanol extract of S. grandiflora L. leaves showed the strongest activity against Burkholderia sp. with MIC, $135{\mu}g/mL$. P. sarmentosum Roxb leaves showed antibacterial activities against E. coli, Burkholderia sp. and H. parasuis. Ethyl acetate and water extracts from C. domesitca Valeton roots showed MIC of $306{\mu}g/mL$ and $183{\mu}g/mL$, respectively against only C. perfringens. Antioxidative activity was determined by 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl photometric assay. The methanol extracts of C. aurantifolia Swingle fruits and P. sarmentosum Roxb leaves showed the highest antioxidant activity among all the extracts with 3.46 mg/mL and 2.70 mg/mL effective concentration 50% ($EC_{50}$) values, respectively. Total contents of phenolics and flavonoids were measured from the plant extracts. Methanol extracts of S. grandiflora L. and chloroform extracts of C. domestica Valeton were found to have the highest amount of total phenolics, 41.7 and $47.8{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Flavonoid content of methanol extracts in S. grandiflora L. T was $22.5{\mu}g/mL$ and the highest among plant extracts tested. These results indicated that C. aurantifolia Swingle, S. grandiflora L., P. sarmentosum Roxb, and C. domestica Valeton have antibacterial and antioxidant activities and can be used as alternative antibiotics or potential feed additives for the control of animal pathogenic bacteria.

압축 영상의 블록화 제거를 위한 적응적 고속 영상 복원 필터

백종호,이형호,백준기,원치선 한국방송공학회 1996 한국방송공학회 학술대회 Vol.1 No.1

In this paper we propose an adaptive fast image restoration filter, which is suitable for reducing the blocking artifacts in the compressed image in real-time. The proposed restoration filter is based on the observation that quatization operation in a series of coding process is a nonlinear and many-to-one mapping operator. And then we propose an apporximated version of constrianed optimazation technique as a restoration process for removing the nonlinear and space varying degradation operator. We also propose a novel block classification method for adaptively choosing the direction of a highpass filter, which serves as a constraint in the optimizaton process. The proposed classification method adopts the bias-corrected maximized likelihood, which is used to determine the number of regions in the image for the unsupervised segmentation. The proposed restoration filter can be realized either in the discrete Fourier transform domain or in the spatial domain in the form of a truncated finite impulse response (FIR) filter structure for real-time processing. In order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed restoration filter experimental results will be shown.

南韓의 日本腦炎病毒의 疫學的調査 : 第一編:流行前後期에 있어서 人體, 動物體, 鳥類體內의 免疫體調査 Report 1, Serological survey of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Korea

金慶浩,白承福,崔憲,金正熙,朴鴻直,白永漢,魚瀅順,鄭浩采,양승조 大韓微生物學會 1961 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.2 No.1

그라비아 인쇄공장의 작업환경실태 및 유기용제 폭로에 의한 건강장해

정광호,문덕환,이채언,김성천,백낙환 인제대학교 1992 仁濟醫學 Vol.13 No.4

본 연구는 그라비아 인쇄공장에 있어 근로자들의 건강증진에 대한 기여와 작업환경 개선 등 유기용제 관리 대책을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 경인지역의 그라비아 인쇄 산업장 중 18개소를 대상으로 1991년 3월 부터 10월까지 약 8개월간 작업환경 실태와 근로자들의 자각 증상에 대하여 조사하였다. In order to prepare the fundamental data for the improvement of working environments and to contribute the health improvement of worker in photogravure industries, the author measured the status of work environment and asked subjective symptoms of workers of 18 photogravure industries in Gyeong In area from March to september in 1991. The results were as fellows. 1.The mean concentration of toluene, ehtyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone and isopropyl alcohol in breathing zone air was 75.92±64.73ppm, 33.14±18.55ppm, 96.80±137.80ppm and 52.00±50.12ppm respectively. 2.The concentration of toluene in breathing zone was significantly increased as that of hippuric acid in urine was increased (P<0.01) but working duration was not statistically different from urinary hippuric acid. (P >0.1) 3.The concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid were higher in work places with local ventilation system than in workplaces without such a system. (P<0.01) 4.The complained rates of subjective symptoms were 72% in headache, 58% in eye problem, 54% in dizziness, 48% in abnormal sensation of skin, 44% in breathing problem and 36% in throat problem. They were not statistically different from urinary hippuric acid.

Activatable iRGD-based peptide monolith: Targeting, internalization, and fluorescence activation for precise tumor imaging

Cho, H.J.,Lee, S.J.,Park, S.J.,Paik, C.H.,Lee, S.M.,Kim, S.,Lee, Y.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of controlled release Vol.237 No.-

<P>A disulfide-bridged cyclic RGD peptide, named iRGD (internalizing RGD, c(CRGDK/RGPD/EC)), is known to facilitate tumor targeting as well as tissue penetration. After the RGD motif-induced targeting on alpha v integrins expressed near tumor tissue, iRGD encounters proteolytic cleavage to expose the CendR motif that promotes penetration into cancer cells via the interaction with neuropilin-1. Based on these proteolytic cleavage and internalization mechanism, we designed an iRGD-based monolithic imaging probe that integrates multiple functions (cancer-specific targeting, internalization and fluorescence activation) within a small peptide framework. To provide the capability of activatable fluorescence signaling, we conjugated a fluorescent dye to the N-terminal of iRGD, which was linked to the internalizing sequence (CendR motif), and a quencher to the opposite C-terminal. It turned out that fluorescence activation of the dye/quencher-conjugated monolithic peptide probe requires dual (reductive and proteolytic) cleavages on both disulfide and amide bond of iRGD peptide. Furthermore, the cleavage of the iRGD peptide leading to fluorescence recovery was indeed operative depending on the tumor-related angiogenic receptors (alpha v beta 3 integrin and neuropilin-1) in vitro as well as in vivo. Compared to an 'always fluorescent' iRGD control probe without quencher conjugation, the dye/quencher-conjugated activatable monolithic peptide probe visualized tumor regions more precisely with lower background noise after intravenous injection, owing to the multifunctional responses specific to tumor microenvironment. All these results, along with minimal in vitro and in vivo toxicity profiles, suggest potential of the iRGD-based activatable monolithic peptide probe as a promising imaging agent for precise tumor diagnosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

부신피질의 선종 및 암종이 병발한 Cushing 氏 症候群에 대하여

이창화,전영균,이종,최숙희,백태일,김영건,최정학,박춘식,배진선 대한적십자사 1976 적십자병원지 Vol.3 No.1

Analysis of Plasma Free Fatty Acid Cyanomethyl Derivatives by GC-NPD for the Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders

Yoon, H. R.,Paik, M. J.,Shin, H. S.,Yu, C.,P.Rinaldo 공주대학교 자원재활용신소재지역협력센터 2000 2차년도 센터 사업 성과집 Vol.2000 No.1

Early diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorders is important to reduce severe morbidity and mortality. Although analysis of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) is frequently performed using stable isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), there are institutions where the required instrumentation is not available to support a rapid work-up of acutely ill patients. For this reason, we have developed a novel cyanomethyl derivatization method for FFAs which is followed by GC analysis of the resulting esters using nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) for the rapid diagnosis of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders. FFAs were extracted from plasma and derivatized to the cyanomethyl ester by heating with bromoacetonitrile at 60℃ for 30 min GC-NPD analysis was then performed. The mean recoveries of C6:0-C18:0 FFAs were between 87% abd 96%. The method detection limits (S/N = 3) were 0.1 - 0.5ng for C6:0-C14:0 FFAs, and 0.001 - 0.01ng for C16:0-C18:0 FFAs. We succesfully performed differential diagnosis of representative FAO disorders from the confirmed patient's plasmas. This simple method offers cost-effective and time-saving alternative to GC-MS for the biochemical diagnosis of selected FAO disorders.

사료중 Blended Essential Oil(CRINA^(�)) 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 영양소 이용률, 소장 내 미생물 균총 및 계육내 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향

석종찬,임희석,백인기 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.5

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary Blended essential oil(CRINA^(�)) on the performance, nutrient availability, fatty acid composition of leg muscle, small intestinal microflora and blood parameters in broiler chickens. One thousand unsexed day-old broiler chickens were assigned to five treatments : control(T1), 5? avilamycin(starter diet) & 5? flavomycin(grower diet) T2, 5? avilamycin(starter diet) & 50? CRINA^(�)(grower diet) T3, 50? CRINA^(�)(starter & grower diet) T4, 50? CRINA^(�) +500? lactic acid^(�) (starter & grower diet) T5. Each treatment had four replications of 50 birds each. Growth performance was significantly improved by dietary supplements(T2-T5). There were no significant differences among treatment T2, T3, T4 and T5. Feed intake was not significantly different among treatments. Dietary supplementation of CRINA^(�) (T3, T4, T5) resulted in significant(p<0.05) improvement in feed/gain(F/G) during finishing period (4-5 weeks). The birds fed CRINA^(�) supplemented diet(T4) showed significantly(p<0.05) higher availability of crude fat, menthionine and methionine + cystine than those fed antibioties supplemented diet(T2). Mortality was not significantly affected by treatments. The colony forming unit(CFU) of E. coli in small intestinal content was significantly lower in antibioties & CRINA^(�)(T3) compared to CRINA^(�) treatment(T4)(P<0.05). CFU of CI. perfringens was low in CRINA^(�)(T4) but not different significantly with other treatments. Serum triglyceride level of birds fed CRINA^(�) + lactic acid diets(T5) was significantly lower(p<0.05) than those fed antibiotics supplemented diet(T2). Cholesterol level of the birds fed antibiotics(T2) or CRINA^(�) + lactic acid supplemented diet(T5) was significantly higher(p<0.05) than other treatments. HDL level of birds fed control diet was significantly lower(p<0.05) than that of others. The levels of serum IgG were not significantly different among treatments. Major fatty acids composition of leg muscle fat was significantly influenced by treatments. Control group showed significantly higher palmitic acid(C_(16:0)) and steraric acid(C_(18:0)) content than other treatments(p<0.05). Content of oleic acid(C_(18:1)), however, was significantly lower in the control than others treatments. Content of linolenic acid(C_(18:3)) was significantly higher in CRINA^(�) + lactic acid(T5) than antibiotics & CRINA^(�)(T3) treatments. Total saturated fatty acids content was higher and total unsaturated fatty acids were lower in the leg muscle fat of the control than that of other treatments. It is concluded that CRINA^(�) supplementation improved growth rate and F/G ratio in broilers. The combination of CRINA^(�) with either antibiotics or lactic acid did not show any additive or synergistic effects in broiler chickens.

Breath hydrogen and methane are associated with intestinal symptoms in patients with chronic pancreatitis

Kim, D.B.,Paik, C.N.,Sung, H.J.,Chung, W.C.,Lee, K.M.,Yang, J.M.,Choi, M.G. Karger 2015 PANCREATOLOGY Vol.15 No.5

Backgrounds: The bacterial overgrowth might be associated with chronic pancreatitis. This study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Methods: 36 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 49 healthy controls undergoing the hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>)-methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) lactulose breath test (LBT) were reviewed. The LBT positivity (+) indicating the presence of SIBO, gas types, bowel symptom questionnaire, laboratory and radiologic results were surveyed. The LBT+ was (1) an increase in the breath H<SUB>2</SUB> (≥20 ppm) or CH<SUB>4</SUB> (≥10 ppm) over the baseline or (2) a baseline H<SUB>2</SUB> (≥20 ppm) or CH<SUB>4</SUB> (≥10 ppm) within 90 min after lactulose load. Results: LBT+ was significantly higher in the patients (17/36) than in controls (1¾9) (47.2% vs. 26.5%, P < 0.05). During LBT, the H<SUB>2</SUB> levels between 0 and 105 min were significantly higher in patients than in controls. Among LBT+ patients, 11 (64.7%), 1 (5.9%), 5 (29.4%) were in the LBT (H<SUB>2</SUB>)+, (CH<SUB>4</SUB>)+, (mixed)+ groups, respectively. The LBT+ group had significantly higher scores of flatus than those of the LBT- group. Considering the subtypes of LBT, the LBT (mixed)+ group had higher symptom scores of significance or tendency in hard stool, strain, urgency, and flatus than LBT- group The laboratory and radiologic features were not significantly different between LBT+ and LBT- groups. Conclusions: SIBO is common in patients in chronic pancreatitis. Especially, excretions of mixed H<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB> appear to be related with deterioration of intestinal symptoms.

한국에서 유행하는 �냑鵝뵉퓌竄叢�관한 혈청역학적 연구

오대규,심재철,백승복,최강원,정의범,정태화,장우현,윤형희,오희복 대한감염학회 1987 감염 Vol.19 No.4

A seroepidemiological survey was performed to estimate the prevalence of leptospirosis in Korean population. The study population consisted of 967 randomly selected people from 17 counties out of 5 provinces. Macroscopic slide agglutination test was used for serology of leptospirosis. 117 sera out of 967 were positive (11.7%) for leptospirosis. Kang Won Province showed highest positive rate (17.1%), followed by Kyunggi (16.2%), Chung Book (10.2%), Kyung Book (6.2%), Chun Nam Province (2.2%), Hoeng Sung County showed highest prevalence rate (26.2%) and Chang Sung County Showed lowest prevalence (0%). There was no difference in prevalence rate between male and female. But older people (41∼60 years) showed higher prevalence rate than the younger people (21∼30 years). Some activities, including weeding in the field or grave and working barefoot in the rice field were associated with higher prevalence. History of recent flu-like symptoms suggestive of leptospirosis (chill, headache, cough, walking difficulty, dyspnea, diarrhea, conjunctival suffusion) was more common in antibody positive group. Leptospirosis is wide spread infection throughout Korea, though considerable variance in prevalence rate was noted.