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김영학,공병덕,이병기 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2002 武道硏究所誌 Vol.13 No.1
The purpose of this study was to build revised game rules for wheelchair Kumdo for the physically challenged confined to wheelchair, after teaching 10 people how to play Wheelchair Kumdo. It's ultimately intended to determine whether or not the revised game regulations were appropriate and workable and ultimately to promote Wheelchair Kumdo. There Kumdo trainees of the 4th, 5th and 6th grades respectively and three physically different people were coached to draft game rules in three phases, and they were finalized through an advice of a specialist. And then five disabled Kumdo trainees, who included three of the 3rd grade and two of the 2nd grade, learned the regulations for a month to find out their adequacy. As a result of interviewing them and analysing the collected data, the following findings were given: First, the stadium should have a flat floor, by using proper materials such as wood or concrete, to guarantee the smooth operation of wheelchair. It should be in a square form and 11 meter or higher in length. The starting lines should bo marked 'T' on both sides from the central line, and the upper parts of the marks should face each other. There should be 1.7m distance between the central and starting lines and 2 meter or higher extra spaces in the external sides. Second, the bamboo sword should be redesigned to be 114cm in length and 370g in weight to fit in wheelchair Kumdo. Third, among Kumdo equipment, Homyun(護面, Headgear), part of HoKu(Protection-equipment, 護具), should be made of lighter materials, thicker in the head part, and easy to wear. Gab(甲, Chest-guard) should have a sort of shock absorber in it, and a remodeled Hoku that has no wings on both sides should be used. To prevent wheelchair from shock and ensure its safety, a Quickie All Court model should be selected, and each contestant should wear a suit of different color that has his or her name on the shoulder portion. Fourth, each game should run four minutes, constituted by two periods, and a break time should be given. The judgment should be made without no extra time, and a contestant who hits one of the due points ahead of the other should be a winner. Fifth, as for Yuhyo-Geokja(有效擊刺, Point), action against the head, wrist or waist should be considered Geokja(擊刺, Strike), and one against the chest part should be regarded as Jabu(刺部, Stab). Based on the above-mentioned findings, there are some suggestions about wheelchair Kumdo games: First, as games could be held out in the field, outdoor programs should be attempted. Second, every game is divided into the first and second periods, and coaches need to develop programs suitable for the two-part competition to give better guidance. Third, general Kumdo equipment isn't suitable for wheelchair Kumdo, and a lot of research efforts should urgently be dedicated to developing separate equipment for that.
Kim, Ok-Jin,Kim, Sung-Soon,Choi, Byeong-Sun,Suh, Soon-Deok,Lee, Min-Woo,Kim, Ki-Soo,Park, Mi-Sun,Lee, Joo-Shil The Korean Society for Microbiology 2001 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.31 No.3
A putative gamma herpesvirus, termed human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), discovered in recent years, has been implicated as a possible etiologic agent for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). In South Korea, the incidence of KS in HIV seropositive individuals is very low. The cause of its rarity as compared with other countries is unclear. The objective of this study was performed to determine the prevalence of infection with HHV-8 and to clarify the cause of low incidence of KS in Korean populations including HIV seropositive individuals. The study population was composed of 200 blood donors, 220 voluntary visitors for sexual transmitted infection (STI)-testing in the public health centers, and 214 HIV-seropositive individuals. For the detection of HHV-8 antibodies, all blood samples were tested using Advanced Biotechnologies Inc's enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and the reactive samples were retested using Biotrin International SARL's immunofluorescent assay (IFA). Also, we investigated the seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in order to get more information of HHV-8 and other human herpesviruses transmission in Korea. The prevalence of specific IgG to HHV-8 among mv seropositive individuals was 7.0% {95% confidential interval: $4.0{\sim}11.3%$}. The specific antibody to HHV-8 could be detected only in HIV seropositive men. The prevalences of antibodies to other human herpesviruses unlike HHV-8 were very high even in blood donors. These observations strongly suggest that the rarity of KS in this country may be caused by very low prevalence of HHV-8.
Deok Ho Kwon,Kyung Mun Kim,Taek Joon Kang,Se Jin Kim,Byeong-Ryeol Choi,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
An easy and rapid resistance detection protocol for the Western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis was established based on the residual contact vial bioassay (RCV), in which insecticide resistance levels can be estimated at 8 h-post treatment of diagnostic doses. The RDA strain was used as a reference susceptible strain, which has been reared under laboratory conditions over 10 years without exposure to any insecticides. Seven insecticides were tested for the determination of diagnostic dose. Among them, five insecticides (chlorfenapyr, acrinathrin, spinosad, emmamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam, ranged as 0.03 ~ 0.42 μg-1cm2) were applicable to the RCV. However, two insecticides (omethoate and imidacloprid) were not able to be used for the RCV because the treated inner surface of glass vials by these insecticides were too viscous, causing non-specific mortality. The RCV detection kit was employed for the estimation of resistance levels for the five insecticides in five local populations. Almost field-collected populations revealed high levels of resistance to the four insecticides (acrinathrin, spinosad, emmamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam) by showing less than 50% mortality. The baseline resistance detection by RCV method will facilitate the selection of proper insecticides for farmers to manage insecticide resistant-populations of F. occidentalis.
Implementation of a Layered Testbench using SystemVerilog
Byeong-Deok Kim,Young-Jin Oh,Myoung-Keun You,Gi-Yong Song 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
This paper describes functional verification on adaptive FIR filter using SystemVerilog. SystemVerilog has characteristics of hardware description languages and hardware verification language by expansion of Verilog HDL. Adaptive filter is a kind of FIR filter using adaptive algorithm. In this paper, testbench-based verification environment which verifies the functionality of adaptive FIR filter has a layered structure and is implemented with SystemVerilog.
Outcomes of deceased donor liver transplantation from elderly donors
Kim Minjae,Hwang Shin,Ahn Chul-Soo,Kim Ki-Hun,Moon Deok-Bog,Ha Tae-Yong,Song Gi-Won,Jung Dong-Hwan,Park Gil-Chun,Yoon Young-In,Kang Woo-Hyoung,Cho Hwui-Dong,Na Byeong-Gon,Kim Sang Hoon,Lee Sung-Gyu 대한이식학회 2021 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.35 No.2
Background: Favorable outcomes achieved after deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) suggest that use of elderly donors may be an effective way to expand donor pool. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of adult DDLT using elderly donors. It was a double-arm study that compared posttransplant outcomes to ascertain whether use of elderly donors (aged ≥76 years) has adverse effects on outcome of DDLT. Elderly donor study group included 14 donors aged ≥76 years and elderly donor control group comprised 39 donors aged 66–75 years. Results: Mean donor age of the study and control groups was 78.2±3.1 years and 68.9±2.7 years, respectively (P<0.001). Other clinical parameters were comparable between these two donor groups. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year graft survival rates in the elderly study group were 83.6%, 59.7%, and 59.7%, respectively, and those in the elderly control group were 79.4%, 68.1%, and 59.6%, respectively (P=0.97). The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates after donation from elderly study group were 83.6%, 59.7%, and 59.7%, respectively, and those after donation from control group were 79.3%, 72.1%, and 64.1%, respectively (P=0.74). Regarding overall patient survival, univariate analysis identified pretransplant requirement for ventilator support (P=0.021) and pretransplant renal replacement therapy (P=0.025) as statistically significant risk factors; however, neither was significant on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that using an elderly donor graft might not worsen the posttransplant outcomes significantly; thus, advanced age per se may not be an exclusion criterion for organ donation.
Estimation of Relative Glass Forming Abilities of Multicomponent Alloy Systems
Kim, Deok,Oh, Yoon S.,Bae, Geun T.,Lee, Byeong-Joo,Kim, Nack J. The Japan Institute of Metals 2007 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.48 No.7
<P>A thermodynamic calculation scheme based on a CALPHAD method has been studied to evaluate the relative glass forming abilities (GFAs) of multicomponent alloy systems. The concept of the normalized driving force has been developed for estimation of the relative GFAs of different alloy systems. Driving forces of formation of crystalline phases under metastable supercooled liquid state have been calculated for different alloy systems to predict the possible crystalline phases and the maximum driving forces normalized by the respective melting temperatures are correlated with the experimentally obtained GFAs of the alloys. It shows that the estimated relative GFAs of different alloy systems based on the normalized driving forces agree well with the experimental results.</P>
( Sang-deok Ji ),( Jong-gon Son ),( Seong-wan Kim ),( Nam-suk Kim ),( Kee-young Kim ),( Hae-yong Kweon ),( Gyu-byeong Seong ),( Young-ho Koh ) 한국잠사학회 2017 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.34 No.2
Cooked mature silkworms have received increasing attention as a new source of income for sericultural farms. Quality improvement of these worms as the end-product requires prevention of the following: inclusion of unfertilized silkworm eggs, mixing with impurities, producing undercooked or overcooked mature larvae, and mixing spewed silk substance. Preventing unfertilized eggs and impurities and reducing undercooked or overcooked mature larvae can be achieved by sericultural farms. However, the prevention of spewed silk substance requires the development of new techniques. This study developed new techniques for optimum cold storage temperature, soaking, and hydro-thermal treatment to minimize the spewing of mature larvae prior to steaming: when larvae mature after 7 days on the 5<sup>th</sup> instar, they should be soaked in water at room temperature of 25℃ immediately upon collection and stored at 8℃ for less than 3 days. They should be soaked in boiling water for approximately 10 s immediately before steaming to kill the larvae and cooked with steam. This method allows for the production of high-quality mature larvae without spewed silk substance. These new techniques will considerably improve the production of well-cooked quality mature larvae by minimizing silk substance spewed out from the larvae.