가토 외고정 모델을 이용한 치밀체형 세라믹스의 골결합능 평가

이재협,이동호,이재학,공현식,안영준,류현승,서준혁,홍국선,김환,장봉순,이춘기 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

발열이 동반된 호중구 감소증 환자에서 경험적 치료제로서 cefepime 단독요법과 ceftazidime 단독요법의 효과 비교 연구

이동현,김춘관,고지영,마주락,이가영,천상열,김봉석,노용호 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.3

발열이 동반된 호중구감소증 환자에서 초기경험적 치료제로서 cefepime은 선택될 수 있다.Cefepime 단독요법은 ceftazidime 단독요법과 비교하여 동등한 임상적 성공률을 보였으나, 향후 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 비교연구 및 자료의 보충이 필요하다 하겠다. Background : In view of the recent trend toward monotherapy in the treatment of bacterial infection, we evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of cefepime versus ceftazidime for the empiric treatment of febrile episodes in cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. METHODS : A prospective, double-blind, randomized study of cefepime 2g every twelve hours and ceftazime 2g every eight hours was performed in 40 adult neutropenic (absolute neutrophil count 〈500/㎣) cancer patients with fever. RESULTS : Forty patients were evaluable. Median duration of neutropenia was 11.5 days in cefepime and 10.5 days in ceftazidime. Treatment was successful in (60%)(12/20) of cefepime-treated patients and (65%)(13/20) of ceftazi야me-treated patients. Overall mortality was 10%(2/20) of cefepime-treated patients and 15% of ceftazidime-treated patients. CONCLUSIONS : Cefepime appears to be as effective as ceftazidime in the initial treatment of febrile episodes in adults cancer patients with chemotherapy-associated neutropenia of modest duration.

골수이식 후 골밀도 및 골대사의 변화 : 2년 추적관찰 2-Year Prospective Study

이원영,강무일,오은숙,오기원,한제호,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,신완식,민우성,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

시간 경과에 따른 티타늄 합금 피질골 나사못의 골결합능 평가

이재협,장봉순,이춘기 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 티나늄 합금 피질골 나사못을 삽입 후 시간에 따른 나사못의 골결합 양상을 평가하는 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 길이 24 mm, 두께 3.5 mm 티타늄 합금 피질골 나사못 54개를 30 kg 내외의 수컷 잡견의 양측 후자 중간 간부에 삽입하면서 삽입시와 제거시의 토크 값 측정, 방사선 사진 촬영, 비탈석회화 조직 검사, 조직형태학 검사 및 주사현미경 검사를 수술 직후 및 술 후 2주, 4주, 8주에 시행하였다. 결과: 삽입시의 토크 값 (1.76±0.609 cNㆍm)에 비해 2주 제거시의 토크 값 (1.14±0.470 cNㆍm)이 유의하게 낮았으며 (p=0.0071). 4주 제거시 토크 값 (2.57±1.36 cNㆍm)은 다소 증가하였고 8주 제거시 토크 값 (3.18±0.499 cNㆍm)이 삽입시보다 유의하게 증가하였다 (p=0.0005). 조직학 소견 상 삽입 2주째에는 나사못과 골과의 접촉이 매우 적었고 섬유성 피막이 나사못과 골과의 경계면에 형성되어 있었으나 시간이 지남에 따라 점차 골과 나사못의 결합양상이 향상되는 소견을 관찰할 수 있었다. 나사못과 접촉한 골의 분률은 2주 제거시 (22.4±12.9%) 보다 8주 제거시 (33.1±18.5%)가 더 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다 (p=0.15). 결론: 티타늄 합금 피질골 나사못은 삽입 직후보다 2주째에 골결합력이 유의하게 감소하였는데, 이는 아마도 삽입시 발생한 열손상이나 압박에 의한 섬유화에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서, 골절 등의 치료를 위해 나사못을 삽입할 경우 일정 기간 동안 삽입시보다 고정력이 감소하므로 운동이나 체중 부하시 유의하여야 하며, 삽입 초기의 골-나사못 고정력 감소를 개선시키는 것이 임상결과 향상을 위해 중요하다고 사료된다. Purpose: To evaluate the osseointegration of titanium alloy cortical screws with the passage of time. Materials and Methods: Fifty four titanium alloy cortical screws (24 mm in length, 3.5 mm in diameter) were implanted bilaterally in the tibial diaphysis of adult mongrel male dogs of similar size and weight (30±5 kg). The insertion torques, radiographs, undecalcified histology, histomorphometric analysis and extraction torques were evaluated at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Results: The extraction torque at 2 weeks (1.14±0.470 cNㆍm) was significantly lower than the insertion torque (1.76±0.609 cNㆍm)(p=0.0071), the extraction torque at 4 weeks (2.57±1.36 cNㆍm) was slightly improved and the extraction torque at 8 weeks (3.18±0.499 cNㆍm) was significantly higher than insertion torque (p=0.0005). Direct bony contact in the early phase was poor and intervening fibrous tissue was observed at the bone-screw interface. However, the fixation between the bone and the screws improved with time. The percentage of bone-screw contact at 8 weeks (33.1±18.5%) was higher than that of 2 weeks (22.4±12.9%), but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Because of thermal injury or pressure necrosis, the fixation strength of titanium alloy cortical screws at 2 weeks after implantation is significantly lower than at the insertion time. So, we should keep in mind the initial phase weakness of screw fixation when we allow the patients the range of motion exercise or weight bearing and the improvement of the initial phase fixation is very important in clinical results.

브라켓 기저부 형태에 따른 전단, 인장, 전단/인장복합결합강도의 비교

이춘봉,이승호,김정기 대한치과교정학회 1999 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.29 No.5

금속 브라켓의 결합강도에 영향을 미치는 요소인 브라켓 기저부의 형태와 결합 부위에 적용되는 힘의 특성에 대해 알아보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 형태가 다른 5종의 금속브라켓의 기저부와 결합강도 측정후 접착파절양상을 stereoscope and scanning electron microscope를 통해 관찰하고 결합 부위에 적용되는 힘은 전단결합강도, 인장결합강도, 전단/인장복합결합강도로 구분하고 결합강도를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 브라켓 기저부 형태에 따른 모든 군에서 전단결합강도(SBS)가 제일 컸으며, 인장결합강도(TBS)는 SBS의 50%정도 수준이었고 전단/인장복합결합강도(S/TBS)는 전단결합강도(SBS)의 30%정도이었다. 2. 브라켓의 결합강도는 Micro-Loc base가 가장 크고(SBS:22.86±1.37kgf, TBS:11.37±1.43kgf, S/TBS:6.69±0.34kgf), Integral base가 가장 작았다(SBS:10.52±1.27kgf, TBS:4.27±1.08kgf, S/TBS:2.94±0.58kgf). 3. 단위면적당 결합강도 비교시, Integral base가 가장 작았고(p<0.05), 전단결합강도와 인장결합강도에서는 Micro- Loc과 Chessboard base간의 차이가 없었으며(p>0.05), Non-Etched foil Mesh와 Micro-Etched foil Mesh base 간의 전단결합 강도와 인장결합강도는 차이가 없었으나, 전단/인장복합결합강도에서는 Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base가 Non-etched Foil Mesh base보다 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 전단, 인장, 전단/인장복합결합강도 측정후 접착파절은 브라켓/레진 계면에서 일어나 ARI score가 작게 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear, tensile and shear/tensile combined bond strenghts(SBS, TBS, S/TBS) in various orthodontic brackets bonded to human teeth with chemically cured adhesive (Ortho-one, Bisco, USA). Five types of metal brackets with various bracket base configurations (Micro-Loc base(Tomy, Japan), chessboard base(Daesung, Korea), Non-Ethed Foil Mesh base(Dentarum, Germany), Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base(Ortho Organiners, USA), Integral base(Unitek, USA)) were used in this study. Shear, tensile and shear/tensile combined bond strengths according to the direction of force were measured by universal testing machine. The bracket base surface after bond strength test were examined by stereoscope and scanning electron microscope. The assessment of resin remnant on bracket base surface was carried out by ARI(adhesive remnant index). The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. In all brackets, SBS was in the greatest value(p<0.05), TBS was in 50% level and S/TBS was in 30% level of SBS. 2. In bond strength, Micro-Loc base bracket showed the maximum bond strength(SBS : 22.86±1.37kgf, TBS:11.37±0.42kgf, S/TBS:6.69±0.34kgf) and Integral base bracket showed the minimum bond strength(SBS : 10.52±1.27kgf, TBS:4.27±1.08kgf, S/TBS:2.94±0.58kgf) (p<0.05). 3. In bond strength per unit area, Integral base bracket showed the minimum value, Micro-Loc base and Chessboard base brackets were in similar value(p>0.05). Non-Etched Foil Mesh base and Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base bracket were similar in SBS and TBS(p>0.05), but Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base bracket was greater than Non-Etched foil Mesh base bracket in S/TBS(p<0.05). 4. Bond failure sites were mainly between bracket base and adhesive, therefore ARI scores were low.

동종골수이식 후 혈당 및 혈중 지질농도의 변화양상 및 관련인자

이원영,강무일,오은숙,오기원,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,신완식,민우성,김춘주 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.6

연구배경:골수이식은 비교적 젊은 연령의 환자들을 대상으로 하며 면역억제제의 사용기간이 비교적 짧으므로, 주로 고령의 만성 질환 환자에서 시행되는 고형장기이식에서와는 달리 당대사 및 지단백 대사에 있어서 많은 차이점이 있을 것으로 추측된다. 저자들은 전향적 연구를 통하여 골수이식 후 시기별로 혈당 및 혈중지단백 변화 양상을 알아보고 이와 관련된 임상인자들을 규명하고자 하였다. 방법:1998년 10월부터 1999년 8월까지 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 동종골수이식을 시행한 환자들 중 43명을 대상으로 이식 전 및 이식 후 1, 2, 3, 4주와 3개월, 6개월에 공복 혈당, 혈중 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백을 측정하여 골수이식 후 시기별 변화를 관찰하고 여러 임상인자들에 따른 차이를 알아보았다. 결과:1. 공복혈당은 골수이식 수 첫4주 동안 상승하였고 이후 감소하였으나 이식 6개월 시점의 평균 공복혈당은 이식 전보다 유의하게 높게 관찰되었다. 혈중 총 콜레스테롤은 이식 후 1주에 최고치를 형성하였고 이후 기저수준으로 회복되었다가 이식 수 3,6개월에 다시 증가하여 기저치에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 혈중 중성지방은 이식 후 1개월까지 유의하게 증가하였고 이후 감소하여, 3,6개월에는 기저치와 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 혈중 고밀도지단백은 이식 후 2,3주에 이식 전보다 유의하게 감소하였고 이후 이식 전 수준으로 회복되었다. 혈중 저밀도지단백은 총 콜레스테롤의 변화와 매우 유사하였다. 2. 골수이식 후 6개월 시점에서 공복 혈당이 126㎎/dL이상인 환자는 7명(16%)이었다. 이들 환자들과 공복혈당 126㎎/dL 미만의 환자 36명을 비교한 결과, 공복혈당이 126㎎/dL 이상인 환자군에서 스테로이드 평균 투여량이 많았고 고밀도지단백이 유의하게 낮았다. 3. 이식편대숙주질환이 발생한 환자는 그렇지 않은 환자보다 이식 후 1, 2, 3주 및 6개월의 총 콜레스테롤이 더 낮았고, 3개월의 공복혈당이 더 높았다. 혈연골수이식 환자군은 비혈연골수이식 환자에 비해 투여된 스테로이드 용량이 더 적음에도 불구하고 이식 후 1, 2, 3주 및 6개월의 총 콜레스테롤 수치가 더 높았다. 스테로이드 고용량 투여군(하루 평균 7.5㎎기준)은 저용량군보다 이식 후 3개월 시점의 공복혈당이 더 높았으나 나머지 시점의 혈당, 혈중 지질농도에 있어서는 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 결론:골수이식 후 초기시기에 주로 당 대사 및 지질대사이상이 관찰되며 이는 면역억제제 투여와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 면역억제제가 고용량 투여되는 합병증 발생 시 이들 대사이상에 관심을 기울여 대처해야 할 것이다. Background: In bone marrow transplantation(BMT), recipients are usually younger and immunosuppressants are open used in shorter period than in solid organ transplantation. Therefore, there might be a difference in glucose and lipid metabolism between BMT and solid organ transplantation. However, the serial changes of metabolic parameters following BMT have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the serial changes of blood glucose, lipids and the putative factors that are related with these changes after BMT. Methods: We have prospectively investigated 43 patients who underwent allogeneic BMT. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG), total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein(HDL) were measured before BMT, and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 12 weeks and 6 months after BMT. The serial changes of these metabolic parameters according to clinical factors including type of BMT, mean daily steroid dosage, and occurrence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) were examined. Results: 1. Mean FPG level increased during 4 weeks after BMT and remained above basal value at post-transplant 6 months. Total Cholesterol level was increased during initial 4 weeks after BMT and was above basal value at post-BMT of 3 and 6 months. Triglyceride level was progressively increased during initial 4 weeks after BMT, but returned to basal value there after. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly decreased during initial 4 weeks after BMT, but returned to basal value there after. 2. Patients with FPG above 126 mg/dL and the other patients, the former received larger amounts of daily steroid and had lower HDL-cholesterol level. 3. The changes of metabolic parameters were different according to type of BMT, steroid dose, and occurrence of GVHD. Conclusion: Although there was increase of FPG, TC, TG and decrease of HDL-C during initial 4 weeks after BMT, these metabolic changes recovered slowly thereafter. Immunosuppressants are thought to be associated with these changes. Further observation will be needed for the long-term effect of BMT on metabolic changes(J Kor Diabetes Asso 24:689~698, 2000).

복령(茯笭)의 지방산 조성 및 항미생물 활성

조덕봉,마상조,최춘순,이송주,최옥범 광주보건대학 1997 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The various components and antimicrobial activities of Pona cocos were studied to obtain the basic data as giving many applications. In the results of analysis of fatty acids compositions, it consist of stearic acid as saturated fatty acid, and oleic acid, linoleic acid as unsaturated one. The Pona cocos was extracted with methanoi and its extracts were determined to be antimicrobial activities against bacteria and yeast. Methanoi extracts of the Poria cocos showed stronger antimicrobial activities on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis. Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than control, benzoic acid. In conclusion, Poria cocos extracts showed antimicrobial activities and will be required to isolate and identify substance with antimicrobial activity as functional materials.

The Composition and Productivity of a Grassland in Korea

Kim, Choon M.,Lee, Il K.,Park, Bong k.,Chang, Nam K. 서울대학교 교육대학원 1969 論文集 - 서울대학교 교육대학원 Vol.6 No.-

The vascular florae of the north, northwest and south sides of a stand in the piedmont on the Choon-sung area were composed of 50, 41, and 34 species respectively. The most important of these were Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis. These two species contributed greatly to the standing crop of live material, which was in excess of 308.66g/m² during the growing season. The peak net productions of organic matter of 61.53g/m, 231.40g/m², and 214.65g/m² for these grasslands were reached in July-August under abundant water conditions, and were largely due to the high productivity of the dominant species such as A. hirta and M. sinensis. The average standing crop of this grassland plant communities was in excess of 571.01g/m² for the one growing season. This value would be increased if the productivity of the moss and algal mats which cover the soil surface during the growing season were included.

專門大學 食品加工科 模型敎科課程 修正開發 硏究

馬相朝,趙德鳳,金東弼,崔春淳,李松周 광주보건대학 1988 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

As a result of research on the present condition of the department relating to food at the junior college as of 1987 in our country, the number of the departments are 23 cases and the full-time professors are 132 persons and the number of students are 3,760 persons. This study can see that our country has attached importance to food science education as fourfold in the number of students comparing with that of 1971. The character of the curriculum is different according to its systems, but it has the subject that need to train the major technicians and graduating students advance into each field. Because of great many of students who are trained in a field of food science, it can be said that further the food industry and the development of food science have good prospects. Food science is recognized as important thing to everyone due to a serious problem of food in accordance with the population growth and gradual scientific propulsion of the national dietary life. With the basis of the analytical about the curriculum of the department relating to the food of university and junior college in internal and external and the result that is analyzed students and teachers' replies by the questionaire, this study makes out a model plan of te curriculum in junior college like table 14. Though the curriculum is ideal and perfective, as if it is not governed well nothing can be obtained, the other way also even though the curriculum is not perfect, if the mystery of management is praciced, a good results can be getting. Especially modern creative way of field practice makes students themselves set up purpose to learn and look for its meaning, and as experimenting and confirming their own thought and ability through solution of problem it helps to get developed and made up theirs own self. Therefore constitution of course of the field pratice is established centering around the experence of students to set studying purpose. It is continuously managed to do the ideal studying by change of a time and demand of society, and also should be recognized to build up ability that judge and decide as theorizing a lot of knowledge on the conceptional and theorical basis. In the way that the department of food processing at a junior college should improve, improvement of educational equipment is urgent, then the cost of equipment should be secured and the curriculum should be improved. Finally, thank for every junior college who cooperate with this study and such study for more better fixed curriculum will be continued after this report. So there will be sufficient results.

쪽거리 차원을 통한 다공질규소의 미세구조 분석

김영유,홍사용,이춘우,류지욱,이기환,최봉수 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 1999 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.1 No.-

p형 단결정 규소 웨이퍼를 불화수소 용액속에서 전류밀도와 양극반응 시간을 변화시켜 다공질규소를 제작하고, 그 질량을 측정한 후 이 값으로부터 다공도와 쪽거리(fractal)차원을 계산하였다. 그 결과 양극반응 시간이 일정한 경우 다공도는 전류밀도에 비례하였다. 그리고 전류밀도가 일정한 경우 여러 양극반응 시간의 데이터로부터 얻은 쪽거리 차원은 일정하였다. 또한 쪽거리 차원은 불화수소의 농도 증가에 따라 감소하였다. 이같은 실험 결과를 퍼짐한계침전(diffusion limited deposition) 모형으로 계산된 2차원 컴퓨터 시늉내기(simulation) 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 시늉내기 결과 다공도는 퍼짐거리에 비례하였으며, 쪽거리 차원은 퍼짐거리와 반비례하였다. 이때 퍼짐거리는 전류밀도에 비례하고 불화수소의 농도에 반비례하는 물리량이므로 정성적으로 실험 결과와 일치하였다. 그러나 쪽거리 차원이 증가함에 따라 다공도가 감소되는 결과는 실험결과와 상반되었다. Porous silicon layers were fabricated with various conditions of HF concentration and current density. And their masses were measured. From these data, the porosity and fractal dimension were estimated and analyzed. We found that the porosity was proportional to the current density when the anodic reaction time was fixed and the constant values of fractal dimension could be estimated from a series of data with fixed HF concentration. The values of fractal dimension were decreased with increasing HF concentration. The obtained porosity and fractal dimension were compared with the 2-dimensional computer simulation based on diffusion limited deposition model. According to the simulation, the porosity was proportional to the diffusion length and the fractal dimension was inversely proportional to the diffusion length. Since, the diffusion length is proportional to current density and inversely proportional to base concentration, our experimental data qualitatively agreed with the results from the simulation. The porosity obtained by experiments, however, was not consistent with the results by simulation.