A Flattop Radiation Pattern Antenna with Special‑Shaped Array Placement for Stadium Communications

Bing Ma,Tao Zhang,Wenjun Gao,Xiaotian Wang,Zhijia Liu 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1

A fattop radiation pattern antenna with special-shaped array placement for large-scale stadium communications is presented in this paper. The antenna array consists of only 16 electric dipoles, each of that is±45° linear polarizations, placed in three rings confguration above a ground plane. Under the ground plane two feeding networks with±45° linear polarizations, respectively are used to divide signals to the 16 electric dipoles to produce fattop radiation patterns. A prototype operated at 2300–2700 MHz for stadium wireless communications, such as 4G LTE, is manufactured and tested, and good agreements between simulation and measurement are demonstrated. The measured gain is above 12 dBi and the side-lobe levels are lower than −20 dB. The measured isolations between the two polarization ports are less than −30 dB within the operating band. A fast beam ramp of less than 20° from −3 to −20 dB is achieved.

Running city game optimizer: a game-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm for global optimization

Ma Bing,Hu Yongtao,Lu Pengmin,Liu Yonggang 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.1

As science and technology improve, more and more complex global optimization difficulties arise in real-life situations. Finding the most perfect approximation and optimal solution using conventional numerical methods is intractable. Metaheuristic optimization approaches may be effective in achieving powerful global optimal solutions for these complex global optimization situations. Therefore, this paper proposes a new game-based algorithm called the running city game optimizer (RCGO), which mimics the game participant’s activity of playing the running city game. The RCGO is mathematically established by three newfangled search strategies: siege, defensive, and eliminated selection. The performance of the proposed RCGO algorithm in optimization is comprehensively evaluated on a set of 76 benchmark problems and 8 engineering optimization scenarios. Statistical and comparative results show that RCGO is more competitive with other state-of-the-art competing approaches in terms of solution quality and convergence efficiency, which stems from a proper balance between exploration and exploitation. Additionally, in the case of engineering optimization scenarios, the proposed RCGO is able to deliver superior fitting and occasionally competitive outcomes in optimization applications. Thus, the proposed RCGO is a viable optimization tool to easily and efficiently handle various optimization problems.

Two-Dimensional Unilamellar Cation-Deficient Metal Oxide Nanosheet Superlattices for High-Rate Sodium Ion Energy Storage

Xiong, Pan,Zhang, Xiuyun,Zhang, Fan,Yi, Ding,Zhang, Jinqiang,Sun, Bing,Tian, Huajun,Shanmukaraj, Devaraj,Rojo, Teofilo,Armand, Michel,Ma, Renzhi,Sasaki, Takayoshi,Wang, Guoxiu American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.12

<P>Cation-deficient two-dimensional (2D) materials, especially atomically thin nanosheets, are highly promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage that undergo metal ion insertion reactions, yet they have rarely been achieved thus far. Here, we report a Ti-deficient 2D unilamellar lepidocrocite-type titanium oxide (Ti<SUB>0.87</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) nanosheet superlattice for sodium storage. The superlattice composed of alternately restacked defective Ti<SUB>0.87</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and nitrogen-doped graphene monolayers exhibits an outstanding capacity of ∼490 mA h g<SUP>-1</SUP> at 0.1 A g<SUP>-1</SUP>, an ultralong cycle life of more than 10000 cycles with ∼0.00058% capacity decay per cycle, and especially superior low-temperature performance (100 mA h g<SUP>-1</SUP> at 12.8 A g<SUP>-1</SUP> and −5 °C), presenting the best reported performance to date. A reversible Na<SUP>+</SUP> ion intercalation mechanism without phase and structural change is verified by first-principles calculations and kinetics analysis. These results herald a promising strategy to utilize defective 2D materials for advanced energy storage applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Increases Intracellular Magnesium Concentration through the Specific Signaling Pathways

Bing-Zhe Hong,박선아,Han-Na Kim,Tian-Ze Ma,Han-Gyu Kim,강형섭,김환규,곽용근 한국분자세포생물학회 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.28 No.1

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays an important role in angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Mg2+ is the most abundant intracellular divalent cation in the body and plays critical roles in many cell functions. We investigated the effect of bFGF on the intracellular Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]i) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). bFGF increased [Mg2+]i in a dose-dependent manner, independent of extracellular Mg2+. This bFGF-induced [Mg2+]i increase was blocked by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tyrphostin A-23 and genistein), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors (wortmannin and LY294002) and a phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) inhibitor (U73122). In contrast, mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (SB202190 and PD98059) did not affect the bFGF-induced [Mg2+]i increase. These results suggest that bFGF increases the [Mg2+]i from the intracellular Mg2+ stores through the tyrosine kinase/PI3K/PLCγ- dependent signaling pathways.

A Combination of CS-CDMA and OFDM for Enhanced LTE on Downlink Channel

Bingli Jiao,Meng Ma,William C. Y. Lee 한국통신학회 2013 Journal of communications and networks Vol.15 No.1

For alleviating the low spectrum efficiency problem of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), due to the strong inter-cell-interference (ICI) at cell’s edge, we introduce comb-spectrum code division multiple access (CS-CDMA)into broadband OFDM system at downlink channel for enabling the use of entire spectrum for seamless coverage. In addition, we develop a new method, called orthogonal cell code (OCC) scheme,to assist CS-CDMA for nullifying the ICI from contiguous cells. In system operation, each of the conventional cells is divided into an outer cell and an inner cell, and a mobile station (MS) should access to the CS-CDMA when it is in the outer cell and access to OFDMwhen it is in the inner cell. This study investigates the spectrum efficiency of using CS-CDMA and makes a comparison with that of long term evolution (LTE) in the following cases; (1) under an assumption of perfect channel state information and (2) based on channel estimates at a MS station. The results show the great advantage of utilizing the proposed system.

A Co-design Study of Filters and Oscillator for Low Phase Noise and High Harmonic Rejection

Bing Zhang,Wenmei Zhang,Runbo Ma,Xiaowei Zhang,Junfa Mao 한국전자통신연구원 2008 ETRI Journal Vol.30 No.2

In this paper, we present a novel oscillator (OSC) design. Bandpass filters, which can suppress harmonics, are incorporated into a co-design with an OSC to improve the OSC phase noise and harmonic rejection. The proposed OSC/bandpass filter co-design achieves a phase noise of - 130.1 dBc/Hz/600 kHz and harmonic rejection of 37.94 dB and 40.85 dB for the second and third harmonics, respectively, as compared to results achieved by the OSC before co-design of - 101.6 dBc/Hz/600 kHz and 21.28 dB and 19.68 dB. Good agreement between the measured and simulated results is achieved.

Effects of low-dose organic trace minerals on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion of sows

Ma, Lianxiang,He, Junna,Lu, Xintao,Qiu, Jialing,Hou, Chuanchuan,Liu, Bing,Lin, Gang,Yu, Dongyou Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.1

Objective: To investigate the effects of low-dose trace mineral proteinates on reproductive performance, mineral status, milk immunoglobulin contents and fecal mineral excretion of sows. Methods: Eighty crossbred sows (Landrace×Large White) were randomly allocated to two groups in a 135-day trail, from breeding through 21 d postpartum. The two treatments were inorganic trace minerals (ITM): a basal diet+inorganic iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) at 90, 15, 25 and 90 mg/kg, respectively and organic trace minerals (OTM): a basal diet+proteinates of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn at 72, 12, 20, and 72 mg/kg, respectively. Results: Compared with ITM, OTM significantly increased (p<0.05) the number of piglets with birthweight >1 kg, the litter weaning weight, and milk Fe, Cu contents. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed on sow hair mineral contents or immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA contents in colostrum and milk. In comparsion to ITM, OTM decreased fecal Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn contents of gestating sows (p<0.01) and Fe, Mn, and Zn in lactating sows (p<0.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that low-dose mineral proteinates can increase the number of piglets with birthweight >1 kg, the litter weaning weight and certain milk mineral concentrations while reducing fecal mineral excretion.

Robust Longitudinal Controller and Observer Design for Vehicles with a Riccati Equation Approach

Bing-Fei Wu,Li-Shan Ma,Jau-Woei Perng,Hung-I Chin,Tsu-Tian Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

Experimental Feasibility Research on a High-efficiency Cement-based Clay Stabilizer

Ma Cong,Chen Bing,Chen Longzhu 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.1

In many civil engineering constructions, soft clayey soils are often stabilized with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) whose production process is energy intensive and emits a large quantity of CO2. In this paper, an OPC-based clay stabilizer (CSCN) which contains some eco-friendly materials is studied to compare with OPC by investigating the mechanical properties of the stabilized clays. Microstructural and mineralogical studies using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are performed to reveal the mechanisms controlling the development of the strength and modulus. The test results indicate that the compressive strength and secant modulus increase with increasing the content of CSCN and curing age. To achieve the equivalent improvement of the strength and modulus, much less CSCN is needed relative to OPC, which illustrates that CSCN can be a more effective and relatively eco-friendly clay stabilizer. The analysis on pH values and moisture consumption indicates that the hydration and pozzolanic reactions in CSCN-stabilized clays may be quicker than those in OPC-stabilized clays. The microstructural analyses confirm the formation of C-S-H gels in stabilized clays and the types of C-S-H gels are dependent upon the Ca/Si molar ratio according to EDX results. The types and amounts of new minerals in stabilized clays are the possible mechanisms controlling the enhancement of mechanical properties.

Effect of Dietary Concentrate:forage Ratios and Undegraded Dietary Protein on Nitrogen Balance and Urinary Excretion of Purine Derivatives in Dorper×thin-tailed Han Crossbred Lambs

Ma, Tao,Deng, Kai-Dong,Tu, Yan,Jiang, Cheng-Gang,Zhang, Nai-Feng,Li, Yan-Ling,Si, Bing-Wen,Lou, Can,Diao, Qi-Yu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.2

This study aimed to investigate dietary concentrate:forage ratios (C:F) and undegraded dietary protein (UDP) on nitrogen balance and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) in lambs. Four Dorper${\times}$thin-tailed Han crossbred castrated lambs with $62.3{\pm}1.9$ kg body weight at 10 months of age were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of two levels of C:F (40:60 and 60:40) and two levels of UDP (35% and 50% of CP), according to a complete $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design. Each experimental period lasted for 19 d. After a 7-d adaptation period, lambs were moved into individual metabolism crates for 12 d including 7 d of adaption and 5 d of metabolism trial. During the metabolism trial, total urine was collected for 24 h and spot urine samples were also collected at different times. Urinary PD was measured using a colorimetric method and creatinine was measured using an automated analyzer. Intake of dry matter (DM) (p<0.01) and organic matter (OM) (p<0.01) increased as the level of UDP decreased. Fecal N was not affected by dietary treatment (p>0.05) while urinary N increased as the level of UDP decreased (p<0.05), but decreased as dietary C:F increased (p<0.05). Nitrogen retention increased as dietary C:F increased (p<0.05). As dietary C:F increased, urinary excretion of PD increased (p<0.05), but was not affected by dietary UDP (p>0.05) or interaction between dietary treatments (p>0.05). Daily excretion of creatinine was not affected by dietary treatments (p<0.05), with an average value of $0.334{\times}0.005$ mmol/kg $BW^{0.75}$. A linear correlation was found between total PD excretion and PDC index ($R^2$ = 0.93). Concentrations of creatinine and PDC index in spot urine were unaffected by sampling time (p>0.05) and a good correlation was found between the PDC index (average value of three times) of spot urine and daily excretion of PD ($R^2$ = 0.88). These results suggest that for animals fed ad libitum, the PDC index in spot urine is effective to predict daily excretion of PD. In order to improve the accuracy of the spot sampling technique, an appropriate lag phase between the time of feeding and sampling should be determined so that the sampling time can coincide with the peak concentration of PD in the urine.