Molecular epidemiological survey of pathogenic trypanosomes in naturally infected cattle in northern Côte d’ivoire

Ekra Jean-Yves,N’Goran Edouard K.,Mboera Leonard E.G.,Gragnon Biégo Guillaume,Assovié Koco Rita Nadège,Mafie Eliakunda Michael 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.61 No.2

Bovine trypanosomiasis is a significant health concern for livestock intensification in Côte d’Ivoire. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of pathogenic trypanosomes and identify the most infected cattle breed in northern Côte d'Ivoire. We examined 700 cattle and found that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was more sensitive (12.3%) than microscopic observation (5.6%). Among the trypanosome species detected in naturally infected cattle, Trypanosoma vivax was 7.3%, Trypanosoma simiae tsavo was 6.7%, and Trypanosoma congolense was 0.4%. The overall prevalence of trypanosome infection in all cattle breeds was 12.3%, while the prevalence in individual breeds was 14.8%, 7.3%, 10.6%, and 12.3% for N’Dama, Baoule, Zebu, and Mere breed, respectively. The infected animals had low packed cell volume, influencing the prevalence. Our findings indicate that bovine trypanosomes are prevalent in Côte d’Ivoire, and their prevalence varies by region and breed. These pathogens include T. vivax, T. simiae tsavo, and T. congolense.

오래된 도시골목의 사운드스케이프와 디자인에 관한 연구 토론

갈벽소(Ge, Bi-Xiao),문정민(Moon, Jeong-Min) 한국주거학회 2020 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.32 No.2

중국 역사문화거리에 문화 중심의 사운드스케이프 기초 연구

갈벽소(Bi Xiao Ge),문정민(Jeong Min Moon) 한국디자인리서치학회 2022 한국디자인리서치 Vol.7 No.4

역사문화거리는 한 도시의 소중한 자산이며 사운드스케이프는 역사문화거리 환경의 중요한 부분이다. 최근 몇 년 동안 『진정성에 관한 나라(奈良) 문서』 및 기타 국제 협약이 체결되었으며 이는 사람들이 역사 및 문화 거리 보호에 대한 사운드스케이프의 의미와 역할을 인식하기 시작했음을 나타낸다. 본 연구는 이러한 방향에 따라 중국 명·청 시대부터 민국 시대를 연구대상으로 하여 문화 중심의 역사문화거리에서 사운드스케이프의 기초적 의미를 연구하고, 역사문화거리에 사운드스케이프의 보완 및 보호에 관한 후속 연구를 위한 이론적 토대를 제공한다. 연구 방법은 선행연구와 문헌 자료의 이론적 조사를 통해 수행된다. 문헌 자료의 정리분석을 통해 역사문화거리에 사운드스케이프의정의, 유형과 특징을 도출한다. 이를 바탕으로 '문화'의 의미와 특징을 결합하여 문화 중심의 사운드스케이프의 문헌을 통해 역사문화거리에서 문호 중심의 사운드스케이프의 정의, 유형, 구성요소 및 특징을 도출한다. 마지막으로 본연구는 지금까지의 개념과 문헌분석을 바탕으로 역사문화거리에서 문화 중심의 사운드스케이프의 기본개념을 도출하여 후속 연구와 역사문화거리에 사운드스케이프의 보완하기 위한 이론적 토대를 마련하고자 한다. Historic and cultural districts are the precious wealth of a city, and the soundscape is an important part of the environment of historic and cultural districts. In recent years, people have signed the Nara Authenticity Document and other international conventions, marking that they began to realize the significance and role of soundscape for the protection of historic and cultural districts. Based on the trend, this study takes the historic and cultural districts from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China as the research object, and summarizes the basic concept of the culture-centered soundscape in the historic and cultural districts, which provides the theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the remediation and protection of it. It adapts the research methods of advance research and theoretical investigation of literature data. And it concludes the definition, type and characteristics of the soundscape in the historic and cultural districts through the collation and analysis of the documents. It also concludes the definition, type, constituent elements and characteristics of culture-centered soundscape in historic and cultural districts through the combination of the connotation and characteristics of “culture” and the research literature of culture-centered soundscape. Finally, it derives the basic concept of culture-centered soundscape in historic and cultural districts, which provides a theoretical basis and guidance for a series of subsequent studies and the protection of it.

역사문화거리 사운드스케이프의 유형에 따른 분석

갈벽소(Bi Xiao Ge),문정민(Jeong Min Moon) 한국디자인리서치학회 2023 한국디자인리서치 Vol.8 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 각 유형의 역사 문화거리와 사운드스케이프의 관련 개념을 연구하는 것이다. 중국 역사 문화거리 를 대상으로 지리, 연대, 공간, 물리 등 네 가지 측면에서 연구 범위를 설정했다. 본 연구는 주로 문헌연구법을 연구 방법을 삼아 역사문화거리의 특성을 분석했다. 거리의 기능과 환경 이미지에 따라 분류하고 다양한 유형의 거리의 특성을 분석한 다음 역사와 문화적 관점에서 사운드스케이프의 특성과 관련 구성요소를 분석했다. 음원에 따라 사운 드스케이프를 분류하고 특성과 관련 구성요소를 종합하여 역사와 문화적 측면에서 사운드스케이프의 특징을 도출했 다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 다양한 유형의 역사문화거리 사운드스케이프의 특성, 구성요소 및 특징과 같은 관련 개념을 도출하여 후속 연구에 대한 도움을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the concepts related to typology-based historic and cultural districts and soundscapes. The study is based on Chinese historic and cultural districts and is limited in four aspects: geographical, chronological, spatial, and physical. This study mainly adopts the literature research method to analyze the characteristics of historic and cultural districts, classify them according to their functions and environmental images, and analyze the characteristics of different types of districts. Then the characteristics and associated constituents of the soundscape are analyzed from the perspective of history and culture, the soundscape is classified according to the sound source, and the characteristics and associated constituents are combined to derive the characteristics that the soundscape has in terms of history and culture. Based on the results of this study, the concepts related to the characteristics, constituent elements and features of different types of historic and cultural district soundscapes can be derived to provide a basis and foundation for further research.

GSTP1, ERCC1 and ERCC2 Polymorphisms, Expression and Clinical Outcome of Oxaliplatin-based Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer in Chinese Population

Li, Hui-Yan,Ge, Xin,Huang, Guang-Ming,Li, Kai-Yu,Zhao, Jing-Quan,Yu, Xi-Miao,Bi, Wen-Si,Wang, Yu-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Aim: Platinum agents have shown to be effective in the treatment of colorectal cancer. We assessed whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GSTP1, ERCC1 Asn118Asn and ERCC2 Lys751Gln might predict the overall survival in patients receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in a Chinese population. Methods: SNPs of GSTP1, ERCC1 Asn118Asn and ERCC2 Lys751Gln in 335 colorectal cancer patients were assessed using TaqMan nuclease assays. Results: At the time of final analysis on Nov. 2011, the median follow-up period was 37.7 months (range from 1 to 60 months). A total of 229 patients died during follow-up. Our study showed GSTP1 Val/Val (HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.18-0.98), ERCC1 C/C (HR=0.20, 95% CI=0.10-0.79) and ERCC2 G/G (HR=0.48, 95% CI=0.19-0.97) to be significantly associated with better survival of colorectal cancer. GSTP1 Val/Val, ERCC1 C/C and ERCC2 G/G were also related to longer survival among patients with colon cancer, with HRs (95% CIs) of 0.41 (0.16-0.91), 0.16 (0.09-0.74) and 0.34 (0.16-0.91), respectively. Conclusion: GSTP1, GSTP1, ERCC1 Asn118Asn and ERCC2 Lys751Gln genotyping might facilitate tailored oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients.

Thermal Control Analysis of a Primary Mirror for Large-Aperture Telescope

Yufeng Tan,Jihong Wang,Ge Ren,Zongliang Xie,Bi He 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.71 No.1

Extraneous thermal loads on the primary mirror of a large-aperture telescope directly influence the optical performance of the telescope through temperature gradients within the mirror and thermal boundary layer at the face sheet. In this paper, we propose a new thermal control system consisting of a flushing and sucking system for eliminating the excessive heat of a primary mirror. First, a 2.8 m-aperture lightweighted primary mirror is fabricated. Second, a thermo-optic analysis using finite element analysis is conducted in natural and forced convection. Finally, the optical performance denoted by Zernike polynomials with and without our proposed thermal control system is evaluated and examined. The comparative results reveal that the image quality of the primary mirror in forced convection is significantly enhanced with obvious reduction of optical surface distortion, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed thermal control system.

Serum miR-19a Predicts Resistance to FOLFOX Chemotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Cases

Chen, Qi,Xia, Hong-Wei,Ge, Xiao-Jun,Zhang, Yu-Chen,Tang, Qiu-Lin,Bi, Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. FOLFOX is the most common regimen used in the first-line chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer, but only half of the patients respond to this regimen and we have almost no clue in predicting resistance in such first-line application. Methods: To explore the potential molecular biomarkers predicting the resistance of FOLFOX regimen as the first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer, we screened microRNAs in serum samples from drug-responsive and drug-resistant patients by microarrays. Then differential microRNA expression was further validated in an independent population by reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: 62 microRNAs expressing differentially with fold-change >2 were screened out by microarray analysis. Among them, 5 (miR-221, miR-222, miR-122, miR-19a, miR-144) were chosen for further validation in an independent population (N=72). Our results indicated serum miR-19a to be significantly up-regulated in resistance-phase serum (p=0.009). The ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of serum miR-19a to discriminate the resistant patients from the response ones was 66.7%, and the specificity was 63.9% when the AUC was 0.679. We additionally observed serum miR-19a had a complementary value for cancer embryonic antigen (CEA). Stratified analysis further revealed that serum miR-19a predicted both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. Conclusions: Our findings confirmed aberrant expression of serum miR-19a in FOLFOX chemotherapy resistance patients, suggesting serum miR-19a could be a potential molecular biomarker for predicting and monitoring resistance to first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy regimens in advanced colorectal cancer patients.

Transcription Profiling of a Revealed the Potential Molecular Mechanism of Governor Vessel Electroacupuncture for Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Xingru Xiao,Qingwen Deng,Xiang Zeng,Bi-Qin Lai,Yuan-Huan Ma,Ge Li,Yuan-Shan Zeng,Ying Ding 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.3

Objective: This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by transcriptome analysis to elucidate a potential mechanism by which governor vessel electroacupuncture (GV-EA) promotes neuronal survival, axonal regeneration, and functional recovery after complete transection spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Sham, control, or GV-EA group adult female Sprague Dawley rats underwent a complete transection SCI protocol. SCI area RNA-seq investigated the DEGs of coding and noncoding RNAs 7 days post-SCI. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to classify DEGs functions, to explain a possible molecular mechanism. Immunofluorescence and BBB (Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan) score were used to verify a GV-EA treatment effect following SCI. Results: GV-EA treatment could regulate the expression of 173 mRNA, 260 lncRNA, and 153 circRNA genes among these DEGs resulted by SCI. GO enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were most enriched in membrane, actin binding, and regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. KEGG pathway analysis showed enriched pathways (e.g. , Tolllike receptors, MAPK, Hippo signaling). According to the ceRNA network, miR-144-3p played a regulatory role by interacting with lncRNA and circRNA. GV-EA also promoted the injured spinal cord neuron survival, axonal regeneration, and functional improvement of hind limb locomotion. Conclusion: Results of our RNA-seq suggest that post-SCI GV-EA may regulate characteristic changes in transcriptome gene expression, potential critical genes, and signaling pathways, providing clear directions for further investigation into the mechanism of GV-EA in subacute SCI treatment. Moreover, we found that GV-EA promotes neuronal survival, nerve fiber extension, and motor function recovery in subacute SCI.

제주도 탈염 용암 해수를 이용하여 수경재배한 새싹인삼 추출물의 In Vitro 신경독성에 대한 신경보호 효과

최윤표(Yoon Pyo Choi),장윤비(Youn Bi Jang),최지선(Ge Sun Choi),권미향(Mee Hyang Kwon),이다연(Da Yeon Lee),강병우(Byung Woo Kang),이진설(Jinseol Rhee),서보승(Bo Seung Seo),김대원(Dae Won Kim),정재준(Jai Jun Choung),이지윤(Ji Youn Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2020 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.49 No.9

본 연구에서는 유용한 미네랄 성분을 다량 함유하고 있어 산업적 가치가 높은 제주 용암 해수에서 탈염 과정을 거쳐 만들어진 탈염 용암 해수를 이용하여 수경재배한 새싹인삼추출물 건조시료를 Q-Orbitrap으로 성분을 규명하고, HPLC로 기준 및 시험방법을 설정하여 표준화했으며 ICP-AES를 이용하여 무기물 함량을 분석하였다. 시험결과에서 주요 ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 및 Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, V와 같은 미네랄 함량이 증가함을 확인했으며 이에 대한 효능을 입증하기 위해서 제주도 탈염 용암 해수를 이용해 수경재배한 새싹인삼 추출물에 대한 신경세포사멸과 신경세포 염증 반응 억제, 신경전달물질 및 시냅스 가소성 회복을 통한 기억력 개선에 대해 in vitro 효능검증을 수행하였다. 제주도 탈염 용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼 추출물에 대한 동결 건조를 진행 후 ginsenoside 함량 분석을 진행한 결과에서 ginsenoside Rb1(11.5 mg/g), Rg1(6.85 mg/g), Re(19.2 mg/g)의 합이 37.55 mg/g으로 측정되었고, 이는 식약처 건강기능식품 인삼 기능성분의 함량기준인 Rb1, Rg1의 합이 0.8~34 mg/g인 것과 비교했을 때, 탈염 용암 해수로 수경재배한 제주새싹인삼 동결 건조물은 개별 인정형 원료로서의 충분한 요건을 갖춘 것으로 사료된다. 또한 제주도 탈염 용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼 추출물 건조시료에 대한 세포독성 및 효능평가 결과에서 제주도 탈염 용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼추출물 건조시료는 RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronlike cell에 48시간 동안 처리 시 1,250 μg/mL에서도 세포독성을 보이지 않았으며, 더욱이 Aβ1-42 oligomer(10 μM)를 72시간 동안 처리하여 세포독성을 유도한 세포실험 모델에서 비처리 대조군과 비교하여 제주도 탈염 용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼 추출물 건조시료를 처리한 실험군에서 세포사멸 관련 바이오마커들인 cleaved/total caspase-3 ratio, cleaved/total PARP, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio를 감소시켜 Aβ1-42 oligomer에 의한 신경세포사멸을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 그리고 RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuron-like cell에 H₂O₂(300 μM)를 처리하여 신경세포 염증 반응을 유도한 세포실험 모델에서 비처리 대조군과 비교하여 제주도 탈염용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼 추출물 건조시료를 처리한 실험군에서 염증 반응과 관련된 NF-κB p65 단백질의 nuclear translocation 억제, COX-2 단백질 발현 감소, MAPK (ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK, p38 MAPK) 인산화를 감소시켜 H₂O₂에 의한 신경세포 염증 반응을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 한편 RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuron-like cell에 Aβ1-42 oligomer(1 μM)를 처리하여 신경전달물질 및 시냅스 가소성 감소를 유도한 세포실험 모델에서 비처리 대조군과 비교하여 제주도 탈염 용암 해수 수경재배 새싹인삼 추출물 건조시료를 처리한 실험군에서 시냅스 가소성과 관련된 CREB 전사인자의 인산화를 통한 활성화로 신경전달물질인 BDNF 발현이 증가하는 효과를 보였으며, AChE 활성을 저해함으로써 Aβ1-42 oligomer에 의한 신경전달물질 및 시냅스 가소성 감소를 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 그러므로 제주도 탈염 용암 해수를 이용한 새싹인삼은 질환 특이적인 성분의 증가를 높여줌으로써 산업적 이용가치가 높을 것으로 판단되며, 이를 활용한 다른 약용작물 및 특용작물의 생산을 통한 건강기능식품 원료개발에도 충분히 활용 가능할 것으로 사료된다. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of extract of Panax ginseng sprouts cultivated by hydroponics using desalinated magma seawater from Jeju island (Korea) on neurotoxicity in vitro. The chemical compositions of the Panax ginseng sprouts extracts were analyzed using LC-Q-orbitrap, and ginsenosides (Re, Rg1, Rg2, Rb1, and Rd) were detected. Analysis method based on HPLC was developed for determination of ginsenosides Rb1, Rg1, and Re. For the in vitro analysis, the extract inhibited Aβ1-42 oligomer-induced neurotoxicity through inhibition of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PPAR, and Bax expression, as well as activation of Bcl-2 expression. The extract inhibited H₂O₂-induced neuroinflammatory responses through inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and COX-2 expression, in addition to phosphorylation of MAPK (ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK, and p-38 MAPK). The extract stimulated BDNF expression through CREB activation by phosphorylation at Ser<SUP>133</SUP> and inhibited up-regulation of AChE activity by Aβ1-42 oligomer-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, these results provide in vitro evidence that the experimental extract exhibits neuroprotective properties against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress, which suggests that the extract has potential to be developed into a new functional food for neuroprotection and learning/memory improvement in the global food market. Furthermore, it is expected that desalinated magma seawater from Jeju island (Korea) may be applied for the cultivation of other functional plants in order to enhance functional components.

Research on the Process-level Production Scheduling Optimization Based on the Manufacturing Process Simplifies

Y. P. Wang,L. Gao,Z. M. Shi,K. X. Bi,J. H. Ge 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.8 No.2