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Bindu Thapa,Natasa Skalko-Basnet,Akihito Takano,Kazuo Masuda,Purusotam Basnet1 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4
Capsicum fruit, a popular spice as chili pepper, is an important ingredient of the formulations used in traditional medicines. Moreover, Capsicum fruit is listed as an official drug in several pharmacopoeias. Capsaicin, the most abundant component in Capsicum fruit, exhibits its therapeutic and adverse effects in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the known capsaicin content is the prerequisite for optimizing any formulation based on Capsicum fruit as a crude drug. We studied 16 samples of Capsicum fruits grown at different altitudes in Nepal and determined their capsaicin content by high-performance liquid chromatography. The capsaicin content was found to range from 2.19 to 19.73mg/g of dry weight of Capsicum fruits. Capsaicin content in pericarp was found to be higher than in seeds. No correlation was found between the shape or size of the fruits and its capsaicin content. Our findings indicate that many of the formulations prepared from Capsicum fruit, even as described in pharmacopoeias, may vary in their strength, therapeutic activity, and possible side effects if the capsaicin content in Capsicum fruit is not standardized.
Himalayan Medicinal Resources: Present and Future. A Case Study: Andidiabetic Activity of Shilajit
Basnet, Purusotam The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2001 Plant Resources Vol.4 No.3
A major portion of drugs used in Ayurvedic system of medicine which has been practiced since the early human civilization in Indian subcontinent were of plant origin. It should be noted that 70% of the population in this region depends on Ayurveda for their medical treatment and 60% of the drug resources are obtained from the Himalayan region. Therefore, Nepal becomes a potential source of plant drug resource since it occupies a major portion of the Himalaya. In the present paper, in general a current status of medicinal plant resources of Himalayan region especially Nepal will be discussed. In addition to this, a typical example of antidiabetic activity of Shilajit will be taken for the discussion. Shilajit is one of the crucial elements in several formulations including those of Rasayana, a therapy in Ayurveda, which has been practiced in the prevention of ageing and mental disorder. Although, Shilajit is widely used for the treatment of diabetes, no satisfactory scientific reports are available up to now. The crude Shilajit in the market is a dark brown or black rock-like substance collected from the Himalayan region with a strong smell of cow's stale urine. In our studies, Shilajit (collected in the central Himalayan region) prevented the diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice model. Shilajit also prevented the diabetes in the rats against the action of multiple low-dose (10 mg/kg, i.v., 5 times) of streptozotocin. On the other hand, Shilajit did not show antioxidative activity. The preventive action of Shilajit on diabetes is mainly focused on the Thl and Th2 cell activities, since Th2 cells activity was found to be significantly upregulated. Shilajit, however, showed a mild action in controlling the blood sugar level in young, old, and mild diabetic rats, but not in the severe diabetic rats. It also stimulated the nitric oxide production in macrophages. Based on these evidences, the antidiabetic activities of Shilajit appear to be immunomodulative probably by protecting or strengthening insulin-producing b-cells in the pancreas. Further systematic research on constituents of Shilajit and its quality evaluation is necessary to enable the use of natural medicines in the treatment of diabetes.
Evaluation of the elasto-plastic crack tip singularities via mechano-luminescent effects
Basnet, Ramesh,Timilsina, Suman,Lee, Kwang Ho,Kim, Ji Sik Elsevier 2018 International journal of engineering science Vol.123 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>New techniques to directly evaluate the plastic singularity of elasto-plastic crack under a mixed mode from the plastic J field, as well as indirectly from an elastic K field, have been suggested using Mechano-luminescence (ML) in SrAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu,Dy. For this purpose, the ML of a plastic core, Hutchinson–Rice–Rosenberg (HRR), field in the vicinity of a physical crack tip during four-point shearing was visualized and analyzed. Plastic stress intensity factors (SIFs) of K M P measured at 829 and 872 N directly from the ML-HRR field showed proper agreement with those of K M P e that were predicted indirectly from elastic SIFs with deviations of less than 11%. An imaginary crack tip within the plastic zone and a propagating angle with the plastic zone size under transient cracking were evaluated separately to verify use of ML technique for considering elasto-plastic crack in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM).</P>
Basnet, Barun,Bang, Junho Hindawi Limited 2018 Journal of sensors Vol.2018 No.-
<P>The application of sensors and information and communication technology (ICT) in agriculture has played a vital role in improving agricultural production and the value chain. Recently, the use of data analytics has shifted agriculture from input-intensive to knowledge-intensive as a large amount of agricultural data can be stored, shared, and analyzed to create information. In this paper, we have reviewed existing sensors and data analytics techniques used in different areas of agriculture. We have classified agriculture into five categories and reviewed the state-of-the-art technology in practice and ongoing research in each of these areas. Also, we have presented a case study of Korean scenario compared with other developed nations and addressed some of the issues associated with it. Finally, we have discussed current and future challenges and provided our views on how such issues can be addressed.</P>
The Situations and Issues of Migrant Workers in Korea: Empirical Study
Basnet Prabha,서진완 국회입법조사처 2016 입법과 정책 Vol.8 No.2
Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal and the Philippines are the major labor-exporting nations in South and Southeast Asia. Most workers from this region are unskilled and are spread all over the world, including South Korea. The migrant workers provide cheap, docile and flexible labor force to industrial economies. This positive aspect of migration is overshadowed and workers face various kinds of problems in the host countries. The protection of migrant workers in every field of industrial development is most important and will create a more prosperous society. In this regard, this study tries to explore such problematic situation and issues of migrant workers in South Korea. The situation of migrant workers was found to be hardly satisfactory compared to the growing influx of migrant workers in South Korea. It has been found that there are three main stages: pre-departure, post-departure and work, and return. A strict attention to these stages is required to protect migrant rights. Finally, the study suggests better policies for managing foreign labor on the basis of major findings reflecting the reality of migrant workers in South Korea. In addition, it would be important that the monitoring of these programs can be governed by an independent body of auditors who can then provide feedback on the efficacy of training content and methods.