Gambling Subtypes among Korean School Dropout Adolescents

Hwal Lan Bang,Kyunghwa Kang 한국간호과학회 2019 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10

노인요양시설 뇌졸중 노인을 위한 운동중심 연하훈련 프로그램의 효과

방활란(Bang, Hwal Lan),박연환(Park, Yeon-Hwan) 대한근관절건강학회 2014 근관절건강학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a training program for swallowing and to test its effect on swallowing capacity and nutritional status among nursing home residents with stroke. Methods: A swallowing training program was developed by literature review, expert validation and a pilot test. A pretest and posttest quasi-experimental study design with nonequivalent control group was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Swallowing training was conducted for thirty minutes, three times a week for 8 weeks. Swallowing capacity including dysphagia screening score, swallowing symptom questionnaire and tongue pressure, and nutritional status including body mass index and mid arm muscle circumference were measured at the baseline and at 8 weeks. Results: The exercised-based swallowing training program consisted of oromotor exercise, expiratory muscle strength exercise and effortful swallow. The participants were 77.2 years old on average. At the completion of 8-week program, the experimental group showed better scores in dysphagia screening (p=.039) and swallowing symptom questionnaire (p=.004) and a significant increase in tongue pressure (p=.003). Conclusion: The exercised-based swallowing training program was safely applied to nursing home residents with stroke and showed a significant improvement of swallowing capacity. Further studies are needed to identify its effect on the nutritional status.

Evaluation of Dysphagia Screening Measures for Use in the Nursing Home

Hwal Lan Bang,Yeon-Hwan Park,Heekyung Chang,Jinyi Lee 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

불교 딴뜨라 문헌이 전하는 샤이바(Saiva) 의례의 도입과 해석

방정란 ( Bang Jung Lan ) 인도철학회 2018 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.54

본고는 바즈라야나(Vajrayana)라고 불리는 불교 딴뜨라의 문헌들이 외부 전통에 관해 직, 간접적으로 증언하는 내용을 살펴봄으로써, 이전의 대승불교와 비교해 이질적인 요소를 다수 포함하는 바즈라야나의 의례들을 어떤 방식으로 접근, 이해할 수 있는지를 논의해 보고자 한다. 먼저, 유사 의례를 차별화하면서, 불교 의례의 권위를 재설정하는 초기바즈라야나 문헌의 구체적인 구절들을 살펴본다. 더불어 불교와 샤이바(Saiva)의 딴뜨라 문헌들이 동일한 텍스트를 공유함으로써 상호 긴밀한 관계를 유지해 온 사례들을 조사한다. 이는 딴뜨라의 수행과 의례가 상이한 종교 전통들 속에서 각기 어떻게 자리 잡게 되는지를 여실히 보여주는 증거라고 할 수 있다. 이같이 바즈라야나가 샤이바 등의 외부 전통과 유사할 수 있음을 확실히 인지하고 있던 불교 문헌의 주석자들이 그러한 요소들을 어떻게 불교 고유의 사상과 철학으로 해석해 내는지를 몇 가지 예를 통해 살펴본다. 이를 통해 본고는 불교 딴뜨라 연구를 텍스트의 분석을 바탕으로, 바즈라야나의 발전을 여타 인도 종교 전통의 맥락에서 살펴봤을 때 도출할 수 있는 연구 성과들을 종합적으로 검토한다. Vajrayana, although distinguished from Mahayana Buddhism in various respects, is regarded as the later development of Indian Mayayana Buddhism. Vajrayana teaches various tantric rituals and practices that some presumably originated from or were closely associated with non-Buddhist traditions, particularly, Saivism. A series of recent ground-breaking articles by Alexis Sanderson has shown significant textual evidence of how Buddhism interacted with other Indian Tantric traditions in a wide range of edited and unedited tantric texts from Sanskrit manuscripts, inscription, etc. This article utilises his methodology and attempts to provide concrete examples, as found in various Buddhist tantric scriptures, which implicitly and explicitly convey attestation of their adoption of Saiva rituals. In addition, Buddhist commentators were clearly aware of the similarity in ritual and practice of Vajrayana and other Tantric traditions. Therefore, I examine some passages too how they expounded the fundamental difference of Vajrayana by elucidating the meaning of Buddhist tantric rituals in accordance with their own philosophical views, Yogacara or Madhyamika. Conclusively, by introducing textual evidence including the recent findings of scholars in Tantric studies, this article aims to demonstrate the importance of textual studies in understanding the development of Vajrayana.

노인요양시설 거주 노인을 위한 한국형 근거기반 연하장애 간호 프로토콜 개발

방활란(Bang, Hwal Lan),박연환(Park, Yeon-Hwan) 대한근관절건강학회 2013 근관절건강학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an evidence-based dysphagia nursing care protocol for nursing home (NH) residents in Korea. Methods: The protocol was developed based on international guidelines and literatures. After testing content validity by experts, the protocol was applied to the intervention group (n=35) for 4 weeks at one NH in December, 2011, whereas the control group (n=34) received routine care. Results: The protocol was composed of one-page algorithm and detailed guidelines. Algorithm pathway was organized in 3 parts, including screening dysphagia risk, grouping by dysphagia risk level, and assigning nursing care into each group. The nursing care included positioning, oral care, meal time care, diet modification, providing exercise and maneuver, and checking dysphagia signs and symptoms. The experts verified the content validity. Protocol was revised to fit NH practice after the participant observation. Clinical validity was established upon evaluating usefulness, appropriateness, and convenience of the protocol by NH nurses. Dysphagia risk of the intervention group was significantly decreased. Conclusion: Developed protocol will improve the quality of dysphagia care in nursing homes as it can serve as a consistent and integrated standard for nursing care of residents with dysphagia.

1인 가구를 위한 다기능 반려견 하우스 디자인 개발

방향란(Hyang Lan Bang),임승택(Seung Taek Lim) 한국가구학회 2020 한국가구학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the pet and pet industry of single-person households, which is rapidly increasing due to changes in the social structure, and to develop multi-functional companion dog houses for both companion and pets to efficiently stay in the same space. Even in Korea, where the pet industry is expanding, it is urgent to develop designs for pet houses for various needs of single-person households and their pets. The scope of this study was for pet owners of small dogs in single-person households. The methods of research were to utilize prior research surveys, public disclosure data surveys of related agencies, on-and off-line literature data surveys and case studies were used. Usually, single-person households provide their own living space through economic independence and aim for free and diverse leisure activities and a leisurely life. In single-person households, how to utilize the residential space is an important question of household choice. A companion animal is an animal that a person raises at home to rely emotionally and to relieve loneliness. Pets-related industries are developed countries and have already formed huge markets in the U.S. and Japan. In addition, the diversification and high-end industries of goods and services are steadily increasing in Britain, Germany and Austria. According to an analysis of 61 domestic and foreign cases of dog houses, square box types and pentagonal house types were found most frequently. Eco-friendly wood was used the most as a material, and the function was remarkable for sleep and relaxation. Considering the analysis results, the design of the companion dog house developed in this study is presented in the main topic. There are two types of development design, A type, which combines chair function and storage function with companion dog house. In addition, there is a type B that combines table function and storage function with a companion dog house. All the materials were made of cypress trees. This is based on the material characteristics of cypress trees with antibacterial and sterilizing effects and air purification functions, considering the occurrence of skin diseases in pets. The finishing process was omitted for the indoor environment of single-person households and the release of phytoncide of cypress trees inside the companion dog house. We hope that future research will continue to be carried out to help develop the pet industry.

고대 이집트의 머리받침대 조형 연구

방향란(Hyang Lan Bang),임승택(Seung Taek Lim) 한국가구학회 2021 한국가구학회지 Vol.32 No.3

This study was conducted to provide data for the study of Egyptian woodcraft by analyzing the formative characteristics of ancient Egyptian headrests. The scope of the study is 132 artifacts from the early dynasty(3100-2890 B.C.) to the late dynasty(664-332 B.C.) of ancient Egypt. The research method is a literature data search method and a case study method. Ancient Egyptian art was developed by geopolitical influences and religious afterlife. Due to the custom of burial of burials like the deceased by the religious afterlife, various wooden relics representing the authority of the pharaohs and gods were found in the pyramids. The ancient Egyptian headrest made of wood was an important item for the function of supporting the head while sleeping and the magical function of protecting the head. The analysis of the formative characteristics of the headrest was conducted from a formative point of view by classifying it into structure, form, material, decoration, and manufacturing technique. The shape of the headrest was investigated in the order of basic type, single type, column change type, branch type, and X shape. The basic type consisting of a base, a column, and a curved upper part was the most common. Wood is the most used material, but there are also expensive materials such as stone, ivory, glass, and piece. The decorative features of the headrest appeared in the order of carving, hieroglyphs, inlay, and coloring technique. The decorative treatment was done on the column part. In addition, some are decorated with splendid inlays with materials such as ivory, glass, and gold leaf to express the status or wealth of the owner. However, most of the headrests are characterized by their simple and formative structural beauty. As for the manufacturing technique of the headrest, all the weaving of the structure was handled by handicrafts using hand tools such as saws and rulers. The joint of the base, the column, and the curved upper part has a strong structural beauty using the tenon hole and the dowel tip. Therefore, it was analyzed that the headrest of ancient Egypt had a basic structure and shape made of wood, and the sculptural beauty of the pillar part and the weaving of dowels. This can be understood as a unified form of Egyptian art that has maintained a consistent traditional beauty for about 5,000 years and created a unique formative style by the absolute king"s authority and the religious afterlife formed by the ideology of nature worship.

A comparison of two differential methods for nutrition education in elementary school

Lan-Hee Jung,Jeong-Hwa Choi,Hyun-Mi Bang,Jun-Ho Shin,Young-Ran Heo 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.1

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This research was conducted to compare lecture- and experience-based methods of nutritional education as well as provide fundamental data for developing an effective nutritional education program in elementary schools. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 110 students in three elementary schools in Jeollanam-do were recruited and randomly distributed in lecture- and experience-based groups. The effects of education on students’ dietary knowledge, dietary behaviors, and dietary habits were analyzed using a pre/post-test. RESULTS: Lecture- and experience-based methods did not significantly alter total scores for dietary knowledge in any group, although lecture-based method led to improvement for some detailed questions. In the experience-based group, subjects showed significant alteration of dietary behaviors, whereas lecture-based method showed alteration of dietary habits. CONCLUSIONS: These outcomes suggest that lecture- and experience-based methods led to differential improvement of students` dietary habits, behaviors, and knowledge. To obtain better nutritional education results, both lectures and experiential activities need to be considered.

A Comparison of Lecture- and Experience-based Learning Programs on Dietary Education in Elementary Schools

Lan-Hee Jung,Hyun-Mi Bang,Young-Ran Heo 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2014 No.10

Comparison of sample preparation procedures of inductively coupled plasma to measure elements in dog’s hair

( Ju Lan Chun ),( Han Tae Bang ),( Sang Yun Ji ),( Jin Young Jeong ),( Minji Kim ),( Byeonghyeon Kim ),( Sung Dae Lee ),( Yoo Kyung Lee ),( Kondreddy Eswar Reddy ),( Ki Hyun Kim ) 한국축산학회 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.1

The pre-treatment condition affects on the element analysis of inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In this study the pre-treatment condition of ICP has been studied to quantify elements in dog’s hair. The hair samples were collected from twelve female Beagles by clipping them into 1 or 2 cm at the back neck. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements in hairs were performed by using ICP. By ICP nine elements were qualitatively detected and quantitatively analyzed (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, Se, Zn). The measured amounts of elements were compared between 3 step and 2 step procedures which were with and without the acetone based washing step. The quantitative analysis showed that the concentrations of K, Na, P, and Se were significantly decreased in hair samples with acetone-based washing (p < 0.005 or 0.001) unlike those without the acetone-based washing. It implied that some minerals are lost by the acetone based washing during the sample preparation step. Therefore, the acetone based washing process is not suitable for quantifying elements in dog’s hair. In addition, the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis were compared. Although there was a difference in absolute values of elemental contents in hair, the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis were significantly correlated each other. This finding suggested that the results of qualitative analysis can be used to monitor elemental contents in dog’s hair.