Impact of fatty liver on long-term outcomes in chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and matched analysis of individual patient data meta-analysis

Yu Jun Wong,Vy H. Nguyen,Hwai-I Yang,Jie Li,Michael Huan Le,Wan-Jung Wu,Nicole Xinrong Han,Khi Yung Fong,Elizabeth Chen,Connie Wong,Fajuan Rui,Xiaoming Xu,Qi Xue,Xin Yu Hu,Wei Qiang Leow,George Boon-B 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.3

Background/Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and fatty liver (FL) often co-exist, but natural history data of this dual condition (CHB-FL) are sparse. Via a systematic review, conventional meta-analysis (MA) and individual patient-level data MA (IPDMA), we compared liver-related outcomes and mortality between CHB-FL and CHB-no FL patients. Methods: We searched 4 databases from inception to December 2021 and pooled study-level estimates using a random- effects model for conventional MA. For IPDMA, we evaluated outcomes after balancing the two study groups with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) on age, sex, cirrhosis, diabetes, ALT, HBeAg, HBV DNA, and antiviral treatment. Results: We screened 2,157 articles and included 19 eligible studies (17,955 patients: 11,908 CHB-no FL; 6,047 CHB-FL) in conventional MA, which found severe heterogeneity (I2=88–95%) and no significant differences in HCC, cirrhosis, mortality, or HBsAg seroclearance incidence (P=0.27–0.93). IPDMA included 13,262 patients: 8,625 CHB-no FL and 4,637 CHB-FL patients who differed in several characteristics. The IPTW cohort included 6,955 CHB-no FL and 3,346 CHB-FL well-matched patients. CHB-FL patients (vs. CHB-no FL) had significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, mortality and higher HBsAg seroclearance incidence (all P≤0.002), with consistent results in subgroups. CHB-FL diagnosed by liver biopsy had a higher 10-year cumulative HCC incidence than CHB-FL diagnosed with non-invasive methods (63.6% vs. 4.3%, P<0.0001). Conclusions: IPDMA data with well-matched CHB patient groups showed that FL (vs. no FL) was associated with significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, and mortality risk and higher HBsAg seroclearance probability.

Constitutive modeling for path-dependent behavior and its influence on twist springback

Liao, Juan,Xue, Xin,Lee, Myoung-Gyu,Barlat, Fré,dé,ric,Vincze, Gabriela,Pereira, Antó,nio B. Elsevier 2017 International journal of plasticity Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this study is to investigate the path-dependent elastic-plastic behavior of dual-phase steel and its influence on the prediction of twist springback in the channel forming process. The anisotropic hardening responses of the sheet material for non-proportional loading, as well as the degradation of the elastic modulus in uniaxial and biaxial tension are investigated. A recently proposed distortional plasticity model combined with a dislocation density-based hardening approach was adopted to describe the flow behavior of the material. The results indicate that the present model simultaneously reproduces all of the experimentally observed features for both load reversal and changes of the principal strain axis. This constitutive description is employed in the finite element analysis of the forming of two channels with obvious twist springback characteristics. The complex strain path changes during the forming process are then analyzed using a proposed indicator. Finally, the relevance of the load changes and the stress distribution in the channel regarding twist springback predictions are discussed. The influence of loading path-dependent elastic modulus degradation for the prediction of twist springback is also assessed based on two different application geometries.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The enhanced HAH model captures DP500's plastic flow behavior at various strain path changes. </LI> <LI> Hardening model affects twist springback prediction in sheet forming. </LI> <LI> A proposed indicator represents well the complex loading path history. </LI> <LI> The influence of strain path changes other than pure load reversal is assessed. </LI> <LI> Path-dependent elastic behavior and its influence on twist springback are studied. </LI> </UL> </P>

Isostructural metal-insulator transition in VO₂

Lee, D.,Chung, B.,Shi, Y.,Kim, G.-Y.,Campbell, N.,Xue, F.,Song, K.,Choi, S.-Y.,Podkaminer, J. P.,Kim, T. H.,Ryan, P. J.,Kim, J.-W.,Paudel, T. R.,Kang, J.-H.,Spinuzzi, J. W.,Tenne, D. A.,Tsymbal, E. Y. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2018 Science Vol.362 No.6418

<P><B>Separating structure and electrons in VO<SUB>2</SUB></B></P><P>Above 341 kelvin—not far from room temperature—bulk vanadium dioxide (VO<SUB>2</SUB>) is a metal. But as soon as the material is cooled below 341 kelvin, VO<SUB>2</SUB> turns into an insulator and, at the same time, changes its crystal structure from rutile to monoclinic. Lee <I>et al.</I> studied the peculiar behavior of a heterostructure consisting of a layer of VO<SUB>2</SUB> placed underneath a layer of the same material that has a bit less oxygen. In the VO<SUB>2</SUB> layer, the structural transition occurred at a higher temperature than the metal-insulator transition. In between those two temperatures, VO<SUB>2</SUB> was a metal with a monoclinic structure—a combination that does not occur in the absence of the adjoining oxygen-poor layer.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. 1037</P><P>The metal-insulator transition in correlated materials is usually coupled to a symmetry-lowering structural phase transition. This coupling not only complicates the understanding of the basic mechanism of this phenomenon but also limits the speed and endurance of prospective electronic devices. We demonstrate an isostructural, purely electronically driven metal-insulator transition in epitaxial heterostructures of an archetypal correlated material, vanadium dioxide. A combination of thin-film synthesis, structural and electrical characterizations, and theoretical modeling reveals that an interface interaction suppresses the electronic correlations without changing the crystal structure in this otherwise correlated insulator. This interaction stabilizes a nonequilibrium metallic phase and leads to an isostructural metal-insulator transition. This discovery will provide insights into phase transitions of correlated materials and may aid the design of device functionalities.</P>

Fuzzy regression method for prediction and control the bead width in the robotic arc-welding process

Xue, Yu,Kim, I.S.,Son, J.S.,Park, C.E.,Kim, H.H.,Sung, B.S.,Kim, I.J.,Kim, H.J.,Kang, B.Y. Elsevier 2005 Journal of materials processing technology Vol.164-165 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In the manufacturing industry, quality is of prime importance and a reduction in rejects rates is desirable to reduce costs, improve productivity as well as satisfy customer quality requirements. Many quality problems arise due to poorly set process variables, and this is often due to lack of welding skill on the part of the mechanised or robotic system suppliers. However, the automated welding system has not been achieved much because of difficulties of the mathematical model and sensor technologies. In this paper, the possibilities of the fuzzy regression method in modeling the bead width in the robotic arc-welding process are presented. Fuzzy regression is a well-known method to deal with the problems with a high degree of fuzziness so that the approach is employed to build the relationship between four process variables and the quality characteristic, such as bead width. Using the developed model, the proper prediction of the process variables for obtaining the optimal bead width can be determined.</P>

Bioreduction of Hydrogen Uranyl Phosphate: Mechanisms and U(IV) Products

Rui, Xue,Kwon, Man Jae,O’Loughlin, Edward J.,Dunham-Cheatham, Sarrah,Fein, Jeremy B.,Bunker, Bruce,Kemner, Kenneth M.,Boyanov, Maxim I. American Chemical Society 2013 Environmental science & technology Vol.47 No.11

<P>The mobility of uranium (U) in subsurface environments is controlled by interrelated adsorption, redox, and precipitation reactions. Previous work demonstrated the formation of nanometer-sized hydrogen uranyl phosphate (abbreviated as HUP) crystals on the cell walls of <I>Bacillus subtilis</I>, a non-U<SUP>VI</SUP>-reducing, Gram-positive bacterium. The current study examined the reduction of this biogenic, cell-associated HUP mineral by three dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria, <I>Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans</I> strain K, <I>Geobacter sulfurreducens</I> strain PCA, and <I>Shewanella putrefaciens</I> strain CN-32, and compared it to the bioreduction of abiotically formed and freely suspended HUP of larger particle size. Uranium speciation in the solid phase was followed over a 10- to 20-day reaction period by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) and showed varying extents of U<SUP>VI</SUP> reduction to U<SUP>IV</SUP>. The reduction extent of the same mass of HUP to U<SUP>IV</SUP> was consistently greater with the biogenic than with the abiotic material under the same experimental conditions. A greater extent of HUP reduction was observed in the presence of bicarbonate in solution, whereas a decreased extent of HUP reduction was observed with the addition of dissolved phosphate. These results indicate that the extent of U<SUP>VI</SUP> reduction is controlled by dissolution of the HUP phase, suggesting that the metal-reducing bacteria transfer electrons to the dissolved or bacterially adsorbed U<SUP>VI</SUP> species formed after HUP dissolution, rather than to solid-phase U<SUP>VI</SUP> in the HUP mineral. Interestingly, the bioreduced U<SUP>IV</SUP> atoms were not immediately coordinated to other U<SUP>IV</SUP> atoms (as in uraninite, UO<SUB>2</SUB>) but were similar in structure to the phosphate-complexed U<SUP>IV</SUP> species found in ningyoite [CaU(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O]. This indicates a strong control by phosphate on the speciation of bioreduced U<SUP>IV</SUP>, expressed as inhibition of the typical formation of uraninite under phosphate-free conditions.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2013/esthag.2013.47.issue-11/es305258p/production/images/medium/es-2012-05258p_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es305258p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

THE Z-PHASE IN 9Cr FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC HEAT RESISTANT STEEL

Yin, F.S.,Chen, F.X.,Jiang, X.B.,Xue, B.,Zhou, L.,Jung, W.S. World Scientific Publishing 2009 International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol.23 No.6

Energy and Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibilities of Chinese Distillers Dried Grains, Produced from Different Regions and Grains Fed to Growing Pigs

Xue, P.C.,Dong, B.,Zang, J.J.,Zhu, Z.P.,Gong, L.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.1

Two experiments were conducted to determine the digestibility of crude protein (CP), amino acids and energy in three Chinese corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), one rice DDGS, one American corn DDGS and one American high protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG). In Exp. 1, the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and amino acids in the six samples were determined using cannulated barrows (initial BW: $43.3{\pm}1.7$ kg). In Exp. 2, the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of these six samples were determined using crossbred barrows (initial BW: $46.0{\pm}2.5$ kg). The results of the two experiments indicated that Chinese corn DDGS is generally similar to American DDGS in chemical composition, digestibility of amino acids, DE and ME. However, Chinese DDGS had a lower Lys concentration (0.50% vs. 0.74%) and SID Lys (52.3% vs. 57.0%, p<0.01). The DE and ME values in Chinese corn DDGS were 3,427 and 3,306 kcal/kg, respectively. Rice DDGS had a similar DE and ME (3,363 and 3,228 kcal/kg) but higher Lys concentration (0.64% vs. 0.50%) to corn DDGS, while the SID of Lys was quite low (61.8%, p<0.01). HP-DDG had high value of SID of Lys, DE and ME (79.8%, 3,899 and 3,746 kcal/kg). In conclusion, except for a lower Lys concentrations and availability, the chemical composition, digestibility of amino acids, DE and ME values in Chinese corn DDGS are similar to American corn DDGS. Additionally, the rice DDGS had lower Lys content and digestible Lys values than that in corn DDGS. Thirdly, HP-DDG has higher levels of digestible amino acids and energy than DDGS.

Influence of aromatic heterocycle of conjugated side chains on photovoltaic performance of benzodithiophene-based wide-bandgap polymers

Xue, X.,Fan, B.,Liu, T.,Sun, X.,Huo, L.,Ha, S.,Choi, H.,Kim, T.,Kim, J.,Wei, D. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Polymer chemistry Vol.7 No.24

<P>Extensive efforts have been focused on the study of wide-band gap (WBG) polymers due to their important applications in multiple junction and ternary blend organic solar cells. Herein, three WBG copolymers named PBDT(X)-T1 (X = O, S, Se) were synthesized based on the benzodithiophene (BDT) donor unit and 1,3-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H, 8H-benzo[1,2-c: 4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione (T1) acceptor unit. Different aromatic heterocycle groups (furan, thiophene and selenophene) were introduced to modify the BDT unit to investigate the influence of conjugated side chains on the photovoltaic properties of conjugated polymers. Photophysical properties, electrochemistry, charge transport and crystalline properties of the polymers were studied to discuss the role of chalcogen atoms on the performance of conjugated polymers. Solar cells based on these three WBG copolymers were fabricated. Among them, the PBDT(Se)-T1-based solar cell shows the best photovoltaic performance with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.52%, an open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 0.91 V, and a high fill factor (FF) of 72%. The high crystallinity and preferential face-on orientation in the blend film partially explain the superior photovoltaic performance achieved in PBDT(Se)-T1-based solar cells. The results indicate the important role of chalcogen atoms in conjugated side chains and that high photovoltaic performance can be realized through side chain engineering of BDT-based WBG conjugated polymers.</P>

Investigation of temporal pulse splitting in a three-level cold-atom ensemble

Xue, Yan,Ham, B. S. American Physical Society 2008 Physical review. A. Atomic, molecular, and optical Vol.78 No.5

Hybrid Nanostructured Materials via Self-Assembled Block Copolymers

김동하,Xue Li,King Hang Aaron Lau,Markus B. Raschke,Thomas P. Russell,김진곤,Wolfgang Koll 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.4