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Rainier Ric B. de la Cruz 한양대학교 경제연구소 2020 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.25 No.1
Can developing countries really benefit from foreign direct investment? This study provides empirical evidence on the FDI – growth nexus at the microeconomic level by assessing the impact of foreign investments on the productivity of local manufacturing firms in the Philippines. While existing literature on spillover effects generally rely on case studies of specific FDI projects and country cases or industry level analyses, this research examines the existence of different spillover mechanisms using firm level data from the 2015 World Bank Enterprise Surveys which cover several aspects of business environment along with measures of firm performance. Empirical estimates indicate that horizontal linkages, which capture the extent of foreign presence in one sector, are strongest in the electronics, precision instruments, and furniture subsectors, while forward linkages, which proxy for the potential forward spillover effect from foreign presence in a producer industry’s suppliers, are strongest in transport machines and machinery and equipment. Finally, the strongest backward linkages are found in the basic metals and refined petroleum products subsectors. Regression results show that the level of firm equity owned by foreign investors (foreign share) has a positive and significant impact on local firm productivity while all proxies for spillover effects are insignificant in all model specifications. This may indicate that spillovers remain limited in the country because of the presence of economic and regulatory constraints: local firms may lack the necessary absorptive capacity to capitalize on beneficial knowledge transfers even as constitutional and other legal restrictions on foreign participation in certain key sectors continue to hamper foreign investment inflows.
Appropriate Nouns with Obligatory Modifiers
Laporte, E'ric 서울대학교 어학연구소 1995 語學硏究 Vol.31 No.2
The notion of appropriate sequence as introduced by Z. Harris provides a powerful syntactic way of analysing the detailed meaning of various sentences, including ambiguous ones. In an adjectival sentence like The leather was yellow, the introduction of an appropriate noun, here colour, specifies which quality the adjective describes. In some other adjectival sentences with an appropriate noun, that noun plays the same part as colour and seems to be relevant to the description of the adjective. These appropriate nouns can usually be used in elementary sentences like The leather had some colour, but in many cases they have a more or less obligatory modifier. For example, you can hardly mention that an object has a colour without qulifying that colour at all. About 300 French nouns are appropriate in at least one adjectival sentence and have an obligatory modifier. They enter in a number of sentence structures related by several syntactic transformations. The appropriateness of the noun and the fact that the modifier is obligatory are reflected in these transformations. The description of these syntactic phenomena provides a basis for a classfication of these nouns. It also concerns the lexical properties of thousands of predicative adjectives, and in particular the relations between the sentence without the noun; The leather was yellow and the adjectival sentence with the noun: The colour of the leather was yellow.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release
Pâ,ris, Isabelle,Petitjean, Patrick,Aubourg, É,ric,Myers, Adam D.,Streblyanska, Alina,Lyke, Brad W.,Anderson, Scott F.,Armengaud, É,ric,Bautista, Julian,Blanton, Michael R.,Blomqvist, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.613 No.-
<P>We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities <I>M</I>i [<I>z</I> = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with <I>H</I>0 = 70 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>−1</SUP>, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg<SUP>2</SUP> (2044 deg<SUP>2</SUP> having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (<I>u</I>, <I>g</I>, <I>r</I>, <I>i</I>, <I>z</I>) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610-10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < <I>R</I> < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.</P>
Tunneling decay of self-gravitating vortices
Dupuis, É,ric,Gobeil, Yan,Lee, Bum-Hoon,Lee, Wonwoo,MacKenzie, Richard,Paranjape, Manu B.,Yajnik, Urjit A.,Yeom, Dong-han,Gwak, B.,Kang, G.,Kim, C.,Kim, H.-C.,Lee, C.-H.,Lee, J.,Lee, S.,Lee, W. EDP Sciences 2018 The European Physical Journal Conferences Vol.168 No.-
<P>We investigate tunneling decay of false vortices in the presence of gravity, in which vortices are trapped in the false vacuum of a theory of scalar electrodynamics in three dimensions. The core of the vortex contains magnetic flux in the true vacuum, while outside the vortex is the appropriate topologically nontrivial false vacuum. We numerically obtain vortex solutions which are classically stable; however, they could decay via tunneling. To show this phenomenon, we construct the proper junction conditions in curved spacetime. We find that the tunneling exponent for the vortices is half that for Coleman-de Luccia bubbles and discuss possible future applications.</P>