Aberrant ventral striatal responses during incentive processing in unmedicated patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

Jung, W. H.,Kang, D.‐,H.,Han, J. Y.,Jang, J. H.,Gu, B.‐,M.,Choi, J.‐,S.,Jung, M. H.,Choi, C.‐,H.,Kwon, J. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica Vol.123 No.5

<P>Jung WH, Kang D‐H, Han JY, Jang JH, Gu B‐M, Choi J‐S, Jung MH, Choi C‐H, Kwon JS. Aberrant ventral striatal responses during incentive processing in unmedicated patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder.</P><P><B>Objective: </B> Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the dysfunction of control and reward mechanisms. However, only few neuroimaging studies of OCD have examined the reward processing. We examined the neural responses during incentive processing in OCD.</P><P><B>Method: </B> Twenty unmedicated patients with OCD and 20 age‐, sex‐, and IQ‐matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a modified monetary incentive delay task.</P><P><B>Results: </B> Compared with controls, patients with OCD showed increased ventral striatal activation in the no‐loss minus loss outcome contrast and a significant positive correlation between the ventral striatal activation and compulsion symptom severity. In addition, patients with OCD showed increased activations in the frontostriatal regions in the gain minus no‐gain outcomes contrast. During loss anticipation, patients with OCD showed less activations in the lateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortices. However, during gain anticipation, patients with OCD and healthy controls did not differ in the ventral striatal activation.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> These findings provide neural evidence for altered incentive processing in unmedicated patients with OCD, suggesting an elevated sensitivity to negatively affect stimuli as well as dysfunction of the ventral striatum.</P>

Hardening of Bi-Te based alloys by dispersing B₄C nanoparticles

Jung, S.J.,Park, S.Y.,Kim, B.K.,Kwon, B.,Kim, S.K.,Park, H.H.,Kim, D.I.,Kim, J.Y.,Hyun, D.B.,Kim, J.S.,Baek, S.H. Elsevier Science 2015 Acta materialia Vol.97 No.-

Thermoelectric devices have attracted a great attention for renewable energy harvesters and solid-state coolers. For practical applications, the mechanical properties of thermoelectric materials become critical for the device reliability, a persistent performance with a long time and high operation cycles. Bi-Te based single-crystals, mostly used in commercial thermoelectric devices, are intrinsically brittle with weak van der Waals bonding, often leading to device failures such as crack and debonding during fabrication and operation. Thus, it is highly desirable to enhance the mechanical property of Bi-Te based alloys as well as the thermoelectric property. Here, we investigate the effect of B<SUB>4</SUB>C nanoparticles (less than 0.5wt%) dispersed in p-type Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> matrix on the mechanical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) result confirms that B<SUB>4</SUB>C-dispersed Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> has a single phase. We observe that the grain size of Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> becomes decreased with the B<SUB>4</SUB>C nanoparticle concentration by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Hardness, Young's modulus, and flexural strength of B<SUB>4</SUB>C-dispersed Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> are enhanced, compared to the B<SUB>4</SUB>C-free Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> polycrystals. On the other hand, the thermoelectric figure-of-merit of B<SUB>4</SUB>C-dispersed Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> is almost identical to that of the pure Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>. Such enhancements of the mechanical properties of the B<SUB>4</SUB>C-dispersed Bi<SUB>0.4</SUB>Sb<SUB>1.6</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> are attributed to the grain boundary hardening and second-phase hardening. Beyond thermoelectric materials, our result implies that the grain refinement by nanoparticle dispersion is a simple and promising way to strengthen the mechanical properties of other brittle materials with layered structure.

Anti-inflammatory activity of SMP30 modulates NF-κB through protein tyrosine kinase/phosphatase balance

Jung, K. J.,Lee, E. K.,Kim, S. J.,Song, C. W.,Maruyama, N.,Ishigami, A.,Kim, N. D.,Im, D. S.,Yu, B. P.,Chung, H. Y. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Journal of molecular medicine Vol.93 No.3

<P>Recent studies on senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) have shown that it has an important functional role in the aging process, but its precise participation in cellular works has not been fully determined. We hypothesize that SMP30 plays crucial roles in signaling processes by modulating the balance of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK)/protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and in activating proinflammatory NF-kappa B. An experimental paradigm of gain and loss of SMP30 function was established using SMP30-overexpressed YPEN-1 cells (herein referred to as 'SMP30(+) cells') and SMP30 (Y/-) knockout mouse kidneys. The resulting data show that SMP30 expression suppressed oxidative stress-induced PTK/PTP dysregulation and PP1/2A inactivation in SMP30(+) cells, leading to the suppression of NF-kappa B activation. In the kidneys of SMP30 (Y/-) mice, SMP30 deficiency was found to induce NF-kappa B activation via the upstream signaling of NIK/IKK and MAPKs and to upregulate downstream NF-kappa B-responsive gene expression. In this study, we also demonstrate for the first time that SMP30 deficiency induced PTK activity in SMP30 (Y/-) kidneys, thereby significantly increasing the tyrosine phosphorylation of a catalytic subunit of PP2A (PP2Ac-Tyr307). Based on these findings, we propose that SMP30 involves NF-kappa B regulation through the PTK/PTP balance and that the age-related decrease of SMP30 causes NF-kappa B activation, which contributes to an exacerbation of the inflammatory process during aging. Key message SMP30-deficient mice induced a shorter lifespan and redox changes. Overexpression of SMP30 prevented oxidative stress insults. The depletion of SMP30 increased redox-related PTK/PTP imbalance and PP1/PP2A inactivation. The depletion of SMP30 caused an elevation of NF-kappa B-responsive inflammatory markers. SMP30 may be a potent inhibitory protein against oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.</P>

COLD PERFORMANCE OF VARIOUS BIODIESEL FUEL BLENDS AT LOW TEMPERATURE

J.-K. KIM,E. S. YIM,C. H. JEON,C.-S. JUNG,B. H. HAN 한국자동차공학회 2012 International journal of automotive technology Vol.13 No.2

This study examines the cold performance of biodiesel blends in a passenger car and a light duty truck at -16 oC and -20 oC. Six different types of biodiesels derived from soybean oil, waste cooking oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, palm oil and jatropha oil were blended with different volume ratios (B5 (5 vol. % biodiesel - 95 vol. % diesel), B10 and B20). The cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and the cloud point had an effect on the startability and driveability of both the passenger car and the light duty truck. The startability and driveability of the passenger car with all biodiesel blends (B5) were generally good at -20 oC. In the light duty truck, biodiesel blends (B10 and B20) of soybean, waste cooking, rapeseed and jatropha tended to be good at -20 oC in the startability and driveability tests than the biodiesel blends (B10 and B20) of cottonseed and palm. In particular, the palm biodiesel blend (B10) failed at -20 oC, and the palm biodiesel blend (B20) also failed at -16 oC in the startability test. The cold flow properties of biodiesel dictate that the length of the hydrocarbon chains and the presence of unsaturated structures significantly affect the low temperature properties of biodiesel.

여대생의 월경시 불편감과 삶의 질에 대한 연구

김지선,노자민,류진영,오정연,이서주,정미영,조재실,주한별 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2011 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.45

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aspect and degree of female university students' menstruation discomfort and to study how the menstruation discomfort affects their quality of life The subjects consisted of 315 female university students in Seoul City by convenience sampling from July 22 to August 3, 2010. The data was collected by structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, Menstrual Distress Questionnaire and Smith Kline Beecham 'Quality of Life' Scale. To analyze the data, used the following methods: frequency, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS program 15.0. The Results as follows: The participants indicated water accumulation, the ache, negative emotion, conduct change and attention intensive obstacle order to show the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life was high competent feeling, body and mental stability, vitality and stability order. The correlation of the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life was r=-.605 and p=.000, the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life show considerably negative correlation. In the event that the women's menstrual discomforts was high comes to be low appeared the quality of life. As a result, this study showed that the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life have negative correlation, and discovered various factors which effect to the menstrual discomforts and the quality of life for the women's college students. Thus in the future, do a research for the middle school girls, the maiden and married women, and the repetition research of the women's college student is necessary. The nursing arbitration program development for relaxation of the women's menstrual discomforts is necessary as well.

혈청 HBV bDNA 음성이나 간기능검사 이상을 보인 만성 B형 간염 환자들의 임상상

김상진 ( S. J. Kim ),박중원 ( J. Park ),김진희 ( J. H. Kim ),홍요한 ( Y. H. Hong ),정혜령 ( H. R. Jung ),김형준 ( H. J. Kim ),도재혁 ( J. H. Do ),유병철 ( B. C. Yoo ),박실무 ( S. M. Park ) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

<목적> B형 간염바이러스(HBV)의 증식이 억제되면 만성 B형 간염의 활동성은 감소되며 이러한 이유에서 라미뷰딘과 같은 항바이러스제들을 치료제로 사용하고 있다. 그러나 HBV의 혈중 농도는 낮으나 간기능검사 이상을 보이는 만성 B형 간염 환자들이 상당수 있어 그 원인 규명이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 연구자들은 혈청 HBV branched DNA(bDNA) 음성인 만성 B형 간염 환자들을 대상으로 간 기능검사 이상과 관련될 수 있는 임상적 원인들을 조사하

Curcumin suppresses the TPA-induced invasion through inhibition of PKCα-dependent MMP-expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

Kim, J.M.,Noh, E.M.,Kwon, K.B.,Kim, J.S.,You, Y.O.,Hwang, J.K.,Hwang, B.M.,Kim, B.S.,Lee, S.H.,Lee, S.J.,Jung, S.H.,Youn, H.J.,Lee, Y.R. G. Fischer 2012 Phytomedicine Vol.19 No.12

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol derived from the plant turmeric (Curcuma longa), which is commonly used as a spice. Although anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-angiogenic properties have been reported, the effect of curcumin on breast cancer metastasis is unknown. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a major component in cancer cell invasion. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of curcumin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion and the molecular mechanisms involved in MCF-7 cells. Our results showed that curcumin inhibits TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion through suppressing NF-κB and AP-1 activation. Also, curcumin strongly repressed the TPA-induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK and inhibited TPA-induced translocation of PKCα from the cytosol to the membrane, but did not affect the translocation of PKCδ. These results indicate that curcumin-mediated inhibition of TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion involves the suppression of the PKCα, MAPK and NF-κB/AP-1 pathway in MCF-7 cells. Curcumin may have potential value in restricting breast cancer metastasis.

혈액검체로부터 분리된 황색포도구균의 독소유전자형 및 PFGE 분석

이영선,차정옥,정영희,최연화,양숙자,김홍빈,유재일,김봉수 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Forebrain-specific ablation of phospholipase Cγ1 causes manic-like behavior

Yang, Y R,Jung, J H,Kim, S-J,Hamada, K,Suzuki, A,Kim, H J,Lee, J H,Kwon, O-B,Lee, Y K,Kim, J,Kim, E-K,Jang, H-J,Kang, D-S,Choi, J-S,Lee, C J,Marshall, J,Koh, H-Y,Kim, C-J,Seok, H,Kim, S H,Choi, J H,Ch Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Molecular psychiatry Vol.22 No.10

<P>Manic episodes are one of the major diagnostic symptoms in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders that include schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder (BD). Despite a possible association between BD and the gene encoding phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1), its etiological basis remains unclear. Here, we report that mice lacking phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) in the forebrain (Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII) exhibit hyperactivity, decreased anxiety-like behavior, reduced depressive-related behavior, hyperhedonia, hyperphagia, impaired learning and memory and exaggerated startle responses. Inhibitory transmission in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and striatal dopamine receptor D1-expressing neurons of Plcg1-deficient mice was significantly reduced. The decrease in inhibitory transmission is likely due to a reduced number of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic boutons, which may result from impaired localization and/or stabilization of postsynaptic CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) at inhibitory synapses. Moreover, mutant mice display impaired brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, which could account for deficits of spatial memory. Lithium and valproate, the drugs presently used to treat mania associated with BD, rescued the hyperactive phenotypes of Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII mice. These findings provide evidence that PLC gamma 1 is critical for synaptic function and plasticity and that the loss of PLC gamma 1 from the forebrain results in manic-like behavior.</P>

Inhibitory effect of obovatol on nitric oxide production and activation of NF-κB/MAP kinases in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7cells

Choi, M.S.,Lee, S.H.,Cho, H.S.,Kim, Y.,Yun, Y.P.,Jung, H.Y.,Jung, J.K.,Lee, B.C.,Pyo, H.B.,Hong, J.T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 european journal of pharmacology Vol.556 No.1

The components of Magnolia obovata are known to have many pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of obovatol, a neolignan compound isolated from the leaves of M. obovata, on nitric oxide (NO) production and NF-κB activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. The results show that obovatol (1-5 μM) significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO production in a concentration-dependent manner (IC<SUB>50</SUB>: 0.91 μM). Consistent with the inhibitory effect on NO production, obovatol inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Furthermore, obovatol suppressed NF-κB (p50 and p65) translocation to the nucleus as well as IκB release resulting in the inhibition of the DNA binding activity of the NF-κB. Obovatol also inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal, which are the most significantly involved signal in NO production and NF-κB activation. When the cells were treated with the combination of obovatol with U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) or SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) as well as with SC-514 (an IKK2 inhibitor), much more inhibition of NO production was observed than that by obovatol alone. The present results suggest that obovatol has an inhibitory effect on NO production through the inhibition of NF-κB/MAPK activity, and thus can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent.