Diversity of restriction fragment length polymorphism in soybean

이석하(Suk Ha Lee),유용환(Yong Hwan Ryu),김석동(Seok Dong Kim) 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The assessment of the degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) may facilitate construction of RFLP linkage maps. For the four parents derived from two soybean populations, ‘Suwon 157’x‘Danbaekkong’ and ‘Pureunkong’x‘Jinpumkong 2’, the degree of RFLP was assessed by screening parental genomic DNA digested with each one of five restriction enzymes (DraⅠ, EcoRⅠ, EcoRⅤ, HindⅢ, or TaqⅠ) using cDNA and/or genomic clones from five legume species (Glycine max, Vigna radiata, Phaseolus vulgaris, Arachis hypogaea, and Medicago sativa). The restriction enzymes, EcoRⅠ and HindⅢ, detected higher polymorphisms between parents in both populations. Comparatively higher polymorphisms were found using DNA probes from G. max, A. Hypogaea, and P. vulgaris. Of 246 DNA probes, 58% detected polymorphisms between ‘Suwon 157’ and ‘Danbaekkong’, and 51% between ‘Pureunkong’ and ‘Jinpumkong 2’, indicating the higher level of polymorphisms. This higher polymorphism in both populations is probably due to the larger amount of genetic diversity between soybean genotypes evaluated in this study.

Construction and integration of soybean RFLP genetic linkage maps

이석하(Suk Ha Lee),박금룡(Keum Ryong Park),유용환(Yong Hwan Ryu),김석동(Seok Dong Kim) 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Two F₂ soybean (Glycine max L.) populations, Suwon 157 x Danbaekkong’ and ‘Pureunkong’ x ‘Jinpumkong 2’, were evaluated with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers to construct RFLP genetic linkage maps. For the Suwon 157 and Danbaekkong population, 107 F₂-derived lines were scored for segregation at 97 RFLP loci. Molecular-marker analysis with Mapmaker computer program revealed that the genetic map consisted of 72 RFLP loci which converged into 18 linkage groups and covered more than 600 centimorgan (cM). For the Pureunkong and Jinpumkong 2 population, 100 F₂-derived lines were evaluated for segregation at 92 loci. The genetic linkage map of these 74 loci covered about 700 cM and converged into 20 linkage groups. Two idependent maps were integrated with Joinmap computer package on the basis of 35 RFLP markers which were common to both maps. The integrated map covered about 950 cM with 124 markers classified into 24 linkage groups. As four parental soybean genotypes from both populations have been used to make traditional soybean food products such as tofu, sobean milk, and soybean sprouts, this integrated map will provide useful information on the map position of genes which are associated with special food processing traits in soybean.

연구소원외 연구논문초록 ( 재록 , 1996 ~ 1997 년 ) : 콩 품종별 전통된장 가공적성 연구

손영구(Young Koo Son),황종진(Jong Jin Hwang),김선림(Sun Lim Kim),유용환(Yong Hwan Ryu),신두철(Doo Chull Shin),유진영(Jin Young Yoo) 영남대학교 장류연구소 1998 영남대학교 장류연구소 연구업적집 Vol.1 No.-

우리나라 콩의 수급과 이용

홍은희,김석동,유용환 한국콩연구회 1998 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.15 No.2

According to the data from Food Policy Bureau, MAF (Sep. 1998), the total demand of soybean for food and feed in 1997 amounted to 1.841 miliion tans. About 0.428 million tons of soybean were for food and the remaining 1.413 million tons (77% of the total demand) were for feed. In Korean Rural Economics Institutes report (Feb. 1998) on the estimated total demand of soybean for the years, 1998 and 2004, there would be 1.548 million tons for soybean demand in 1998. This amount was equivalent to 84% of that in 1997. This reduced amount of imports was influenced by the recent economic embarrassment in Korea. For the year 2004, a total of 1.853 million tons of soybean have been estimated for domestic demand including 577,000 tons of soybean for food (92,000 tons for non-processed food and 485.000 tons for food processing) and 1.276 million tons of soybean for feed. As for the soybean supply, 160,000 tons of soybean are domestically produced, and 1.3 to 1.6 million tons (about U. S. $ 0.5 billion of imports) per year are imported from foreign countries. Currently, the self-supply rate for Soybean is less than 10%, but that for soybean for food was 35% in 1997. According to the plans from Food Policy Bureau, MAF (Set. 1998), domestic production of soybean will increase from 1999 and amount to 250,000 tons by the year 2002 for coping with the expected food crisis over the world. Demand for soybean (428,000 tons) in 1997 included 331,000 tons for processed food and 97,000 tons for non-processed food. Soybeans far processed food were made up of 131,400 tons for Tofu, 81,800 tons for soy-sauce and Meju (soy-malt for making soy-paste and soy-sauce), 24,000 tons for soy-milk, 60,900 tons for soy-sprouts, 10,500 tons for soybean meal, and 22,400 tons for military and other official supplies. Soybeans for non-processed ford were consumed directly as home-made subsidiary food, soy-paste and soy-sauce. The amount of domestic demand for soybean was supplied lay 160.000 tons of domestic production and 326,000 tons of imported soybean for food, As a growing industry of processed soybean food in Korea, the markets for soy-paste and soy-sauce had a scale of 320 billion wan in 1997. The latent value for soy-paste and soy-sauce markets is estimated up to 1,000 to 1,500 billion won. More than 600 companies produce Tofu in Korea and the value of Tofu market is about 600 billion won. The popularity for Korean Tofu made of domestically produced soybean has been being increased. The soy-milk market led by Chungs food has a value of approximately 110 billion won. The soy-sprout industry is estimated to have a scale of 400 billion won per year. About 0.45-0.5 million tons of soy-sprouts per year are produced by mare than 2,300 companies.

우리나라의 풋콩재배, 생산 및 연구동향

홍은희,김석동,김홍식,유용환,윤홍태 한국콩연구회 1996 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.13 No.2

풋콩은 우리나라에서 오래전부터 간식, 밥밀콩, 떡소용 및 술안주용으로 이용되어 왔고 최근에는 식품산업의 발달로 신선 식품류의 소비가 국내외적으로 증가되고 있는 추세에 있다. 가까운 일본의 경우, 풋콩 수입량은 매년 약 4∼5만톤으로서 주로 대만으로부터 수입하고 있으며 그 수입량은 점차 증가될 전망이다. 우리나라는 지리적으로나 기후적으로 일본에 가깝기 때문에 양질의 풋콩생산이 가능하다고 볼 때 풋콩재배는 국내 수요대용 및 수출품목으로 유망시 되고 있다. 국내의 풋콩품종개발은 석량풋콩, 화엄풋콩, 화성풋콩 및 큰올콩의 4품종이 개발되었고 개발된 풋콩품종들의 채종기술도 확립되어 이제는 일본으로부터 종자를 수입하지 않고 국내산 종자를 보급할 수 있게 되었다. 국내수요 및 수출에 대용한 고품질 풋콩생산 및 생산비절감 기술과 주년공급 및 가공제품의 품질향상을 위한 저장 및 가공기술의 개발도 점차 발전단계에 있으며 특히 '95년 풋콩가공공장을 설립한 $quot;청송지두$quot;조합에 대한 기대가 크다. 일본이 현재 대만으로부터 4∼5만톤의 냉동 및 냉장 풋콩을 수입하고 있는 것을 풋콩재배에 유익한 환경조건을 가진 우리나라가 점차 일본시장을 확보한다면 풋콩 재배면적은 크게 확대 될 수 있다고 본다. 그렇게 하기 위해서는 조생, 중생, 만생종으로 생태형이 다른 우량한 풋콩품종을 개발하고 고품질생산 및 생산비절감을 위한 재배기술연구를 일충 강화하는 동시에 식미가 좋은 예냉, 가공냉동기술 등을 적극적으로 개발한다면 풋콩의 국내 수요증가에 대응할 뿐만아니라 국제경쟁력 강화를 통한 수출산업으로의 육성이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

두류 수확후 건조, 저장 및 유통실태조사

손종록,김기종,이종기,유용환,손영구,정근복 한국콩연구회 2000 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.17 No.2

두류의 건조, 저장, 가공등 일련의 수확후 관리 실태를 조사하여 우리실정에 맞는 최적 수확후 관리체계기술을 확립하기 위하여 조사결과 추후 연구 되어야 할 사항은 다음과 같다. 1. 풋콩의 식미, 색깔, 크기 및 충실도 등을 고려한 수확적기의 구멍이 필요했다. 2. 풋콩의 상품성 저하의 원인이 되는 탈협기에 의한 협의 상처를 최소화 할 수 있는 새로운 탈협방법 및 기계의 개발도 요구되었다. 3. 풋콩 가공공정에서는 식미에 적합한 염농도, 증자시간 및 온도, 냉동온도 등의 구명이 필요했다. 4. 풋콩의 수출을 위하여는 외국인이 선호하는 규격에 적합한 품종개발과 재배기술개발이 요구되었다. 5. 가공용 콩의 수확시 손실 감소를 위한 콤바인의 운영방법 및 수확적기의 구명이 필요했다. 6. 가공용 콩의 상품성 향상을 위하여 콩의 크기별 선별이 되어야하고 크기별 건조특성 및 저장성 등도 향후 연구되어야 할 것으로 지적되었다. Since the current realities of drying, storage, and processing of harvested soybean were investigated, the following particulars listed below should be researched to develop the optimum post-harvest management system for soybean : The optimum harvest time should be determined in terms of food quality of vegetable soybean such as taste, color, seed size, and matureness. New techniques and machines should be developed for dehulling of pods in order to prevent quality changes of vegetable soybean caused by mechanical damages on the pods. Salt concentration, duration and temperature for both boiling and freezing should be determined to improve eating quality during the freeze storage of vegetable soybean. New varieties and cultivation methodologies should be developed to meet the standard of foreign consumers for export of vegetable soybean. The optimum operation of combine and harvesting time for the efficient mechanical harvest should be determined to reduce harvesting loss of soybean. Harvested soybeans should be primarily classified in terms of seed size, and their drying characters and storability should he determined by seed size as well.

황기의 파종시기별 생육특성 및 수량 비교

성낙술,김영국,방진기,박희운,유용환,유흥섭 한국국제농업개발학회 2001 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.13 No.2

파종시기가 황기의 뿌리수량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 3월 중순부터 4월 하순까지 파종시기를 달리하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 출아기간은 수원과 이천지역 모두 3월 중순 파종시 20일이 소요되었으나 4월 상순 파종구에서는 6일로 가장 짧았다. 2. 지상부는 4월 중순 파종까지는 생육량이 증가하는 경향이었으나 4월 하순 이후에는 감소하는 경향이었다. 3. 지하부 생육은 이천보다 수원시험구에서 지근 발생이 많았으며, 두지역 모두 4월 상순 파종시 건근중이 가장 양호하였다. 4. 수량은 수원과 이천 모두 4월 상순 파종구가 가장 양호하였으며 4월 상순 이후부터는 감소하여 황기 적정파종 시기는 4월 상순으로 생각된다. This experiment was carried out to investigate the difference of growth and yield in A. membranaceus Bunge at different seeding. Time from 1997 to 1998 at Suwon and Ichon, Emergence duration was the longest as 20 days at middle of March seeding in Suwon, but early of April seeding was the shortest as 6 days. Weight of shoot was increased to middle of April seeding but was reduced after late of April. Lateral root was more increased at Suwon than Ichon. Dry root weight and yield were the most increased at April early in the middle of them. but were induced after middle April. As the experimental results, the optimum seeding date for A. membranaceus was April early seeding.

참기름 , 옥수수유 , 홍화유의 산화 안정성 비교

강명화,정혜경,강철환,유용환,심강보,이제봉,송은승 한국국제농업개발학회 2001 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.13 No.2

원료조성이 상이한 세가지 식용유지(참기름, 옥수수유 및 홍화유)의 자동산화 및 가열산화에 의한 유지 산패도 측정결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 60℃의 암실에 저장하면서 중량의 변화를 측정한 결과 참기름과 옥수수유는 저장 기간에 따라 중량의 변화는 없었으나 홍화유는 21일째 중량이 급격히 증가하였다(p<0.05) 2. TBARS생성량도 참기름은 저장 기간에 따라 증가되지 않았으나 홍화유와 옥수수유는 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 3. 180 ℃에서 1시간 가열하는 과정을 6번 반복한 후 저장 14일째 유지 산패도를 측정한 결과 참기름의 TBARS 생성량은 0.254 nmol/mL, 옥수수유 0.462 nmol/mL, 홍화유 0.383 nmol/mL로 참기름이 TBARS 생성이 가장 적었고, 그 다음이 홍화유, 옥수수유의 순으로 나타났다. 4. 180℃에서 5시간 가열 후 실온 저장 21일째 참기름의 TBARS는 0.406 nmol/mL, 옥수수유 0.670 nmol/mL. 홍화유 0.674 nmol/mL로 나타나 참기름의 TBARS 생성량이 가장 적었고, 홍화유와 옥수수유는 거의 같은 수준이었다. 이상의 결과 참기름이 산화에 대해 가장 안정한 것으로 나타났고 고온 가열 후 저장 기간에 따라 산패에 홍화유도 옥수수유와 비슷한 수준으로 나타났다. The frying oils(sesame, corn and safflower oil) were studied on the changing properties according to storage periods after autooxidation. Their lipid peroxidation was monitored by measuring the formation of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS). Weight changing during storage periods were the highest in safflower oil at 21 days. It was not different between sesame oil and corn oil. The degree on lipid peroxidation was also the lowest in sesame oil, whereas it was the highest in safflower oil. The formation of lipid peroxidation was 0.254 nmol/mL (sesasme oil), 0.462 nmol/mL (corn oil) and 0.383 nmol/mL (safflower oil) during 14 days storages for reusing after 6 times fry. It was 0.406 nmol/mL in sesame oil, 0.670 nmol/mL in corn oil, and 0.674 nmol/mL in safflower oil of lipid peroxidation storaged during 21 days after 5 hour heating at 180℃. These results suggest that safflower oil can be develop to good frying oil resources.