김치 저온젖산균에 대한 아디프산의 항균효과 및 물김치 저장성 연장효과

강경자(Kyoung-Ja Kang),송혁환(Hyuk-Hwan Song),김영배(Young-Bae Kim),정동효(Dong-Hyo Chung),이찬(Chan Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.5

본 연구에서는 김치에서 분리한 5종의 저온성 젖산균들에 대한 아디프산의 항균력을 조사하고, 아디프산의 첨가가 물김치발효에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 5종의 김치에서 분리된 저온성 젖산균에 대하여 아디프산은 0.01% 농도에서는 항균활성이 거의 나타나지 않았으나 0.1% 농도에서부터 저온성 김치 젖산균의 생육을 상당히 억제하였고, 0.4% 이상의 농도에서는 균의 생육을 완전히 저해하였다. 각 농도별 저온성 김치 젖산균에 대한 저해율은 0.01% 농도에서 10%, 0.2% 농도에서는 약 40% 그리고 0.4% 농도에서는 90% 이상이었다. 각각의 김치 젖산균에 대한 생육저해는 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%의 농도에서 benzoic acid, sorbic acid, 아디프산의 순으로 강하게 나타났으며, 0.5% 이상에서는 각 유기산에 따른 차이가 없었다. 아디프산 0.1%, 0.2%와 아디프산 0.1%와 ethyl alcohol 2%를 첨가시킨 세가지 물김치를 10℃에서 저장시 대조군에서 발효 4일 이후 pH가 크게 감소하여 발효 16일 이후 pH 4.0에 도달하였으나, 아디프산 등의 첨가군에서는 발효 25일 이후에도 pH가 4.3~4.6의 값을 나타내었다. 25일간의 실험기간 중 12일까지는 아디프산과 ethyl alcohol을 첨가한 김치의 pH는 대조군 김치보다 낮았으며 나머지 기간 동안 일정하게 나타났다. 적정산도의 변화도 pH변화와 유사하게 나타났다. 대조군의 총균수는 발효초기에 급속히 증가하였으며, 발효후기에는 pH의 저하로 그 수가 감소되었다. 아디프산의 첨가군에서는 총균수가 서서히 증가하였으며, 0.1 % 아디프산과 2% ethyl alcohol이 첨가된 경우는 총균수의 변화가 크지 않았다. 젖산균의 수는 대조군에서 발효 중기까지 그 수가 증가되었으나 발효후기에 감소하였으며, 첨가군에서는 젖산균의 수가 천천히 증가되었다. 그러므로 아디프산과 ethyl alcohol의 첨가로 미생물의 생육이 억제되었음을 알 수 있었다. The effects of adipic acid on the growth of psychrotrophic kimchi lactic acid bacteria and on the fermentatation of mulkimchi were investigated. Four Leuconostoc and one Lactobacillus species were isolated from kimchi fermented for 50 days at 6℃. The growth inhibition rate of adipic acid on psychrotrophic kimchi lactic acid bacteria and control strain, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 11324, was gradually increased from 0.1% of adipic acid concentration and its growth inhibition rate on selected strains reached 90% at 0.4% addition of adipic acid. On the bases of these results, the preservative effect of adipic acid on the fermentation of mulkimchi was investigated for 25 days at 10℃. The pH of mulkimchi containing adipic acid was lower than that of control mulkimchi at the beginning of fermentation. However, the pH of the control mulkimchi decreased rapidly and the pH is lower at the end of fermentation than that of all samples containing adipic acid. The control increased rapidly during fermentation at the acidity. Adipic acid inhibited the growth of several microorganisms in mulkimchi including Lactobacilli. The number of Lactobacilli in control mulkimchi increased rapidly at the beginning stage of fermentation and it decreased at the end stage due to lowering of pH. However, that of mulkimchi with adipic acid slowly increased. Addition of 0.2% ethyl alcohol showed increase of preservative effect of 0.1% adipic acid in mulkimchi.

"무자녀 원장으로 부모교육 하기"에 대한 내러티브 탐구

강경자 ( Kyoung Ja Kang ),이소희 ( So Hee Lee ) 미래유아교육학회 2005 미래유아교육학회지 Vol.12 No.3

4RL(The 4 Roles of Leadership)모델에 기반 한 유아교육 기관장 리더십의 평가척도 개발 연구

이소희 ( So Hee Lee ),강경자 ( Kyoung Ja Kang ),김주아 ( Ju Ah Kim ) 한국가족복지학회 2004 한국가족복지학 Vol.9 No.2

간이혈당측정기를 이용한 정맥 혈당 측정의 타당성 검증 - 간이혈당측정기의 타당성 검증 -

홍경섭,배균섭,임형석,정재용,김묘경,백정미,강경자,박귀주,신상구,장인진,Hong, Kyoung-Sup,Bae, Kyun-Seop,Lim, Hyeong-Seok,Chung, Jae-Yong,Kim, Myo-Kyoung,Baik, Jung-Mi,Kang, Kyoung-Ja,Park, Gui-Ju,Shin, Sang-Goo,Jang, In-Jin 대한임상약리학회 2002 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.10 No.1

Background : Measurement of blood glucose is a basic part of patient care. Increasingly, blood glucose measurement has become a part of self-care. Devices featuring convenience and quickness are used to measure blood glucose and are used in settings often unsupervised by knowledgeable health care personnel. In this context, a validation test of a handy assurances that the devices that they are using or purchasing are capable of producing valid results. Method : In this study, we fulfilled requirements from the ICH Q2 guidelines for assurance of accuracy, precision, linearity and range. From the two subjects, blood glucose was measured repeatedly at post-prandial 1h/2h/3h/4h, 12 times each, by two investigators and with two instruments. Then, we compared the results of a handy blood sugar measuring instrument with those of a chemistry analyzer, Hitachi 7070 auto-analyzer, in a core laboratory in Clinical Trial Center, Seoul National University Hospital. Results : Mean accuracy, intra-assay precision and intermediate precision were 92.6%, 2.3%(min. 1.07%, max. 4.51%), 1.73%(min. 0%, max. 5.65%) each. In scatter plot of the results of a handy blood sugar measuring instrument and Hitachi 7070 auto-analyzer, linearity was apparent and the correlation coefficient(r), $r^2$ was 0.986 and 0.972 each. Conclusions : Mean accuracy was not satisfactory regarding the criteria for quality control of blood glucose $measurement(within {\pm}5%)$ in SNUH. The intermediate precision was also not satisfactory regarding the criteria for Quality Control (less than 5%).

의복스타일과 색상·톤조합이 인상형성에 미치는 영향

김윤경,강경자 한국의류학회 2003 한국의류학회지 Vol.27 No.3,4

The Purpose fo this study is to find out the effect of clothing style and color, tone combination on impressions formation. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimuli and response scale(The 7-point semantic). The stimuli are 36pictures manipulated with clothing style, color and tone variation by computer drawing. The subjects are 216 female undergraduate students and 216 female of middle age(40~50) in Chin-ji city. The resulte of this study are as follows ; Impression factor of the stimulus was consisted of the 5 different demensions(attractiveness, elegance, activity, revealation, tendemess). Among there, attractiveness and elegance factors proved to be more important. In the attractiveness and tenderness, clothing style, color, tone combinations and perceiver's age had the significant effect. In the elegance and revealation, color and perceiver's age had the significant effect but in the activity, only color did not have the significant effect. Significant interaction effects of clothing style and color, style and tone combination, and color and perceiver's age on attractiveness and revealation were found. Interaction effect of color and tone combination was significant on the elegance and revealation, and that of color and perceiver's age was significant on tenderness.

일개 대학병원 입원환자의 욕창 실태와 욕창상태 영향요인

김경남,강경자,이현숙,신연희,김성경,박광희,김혜영 병원간호사회 2011 임상간호연구 Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a retrospective investigation on the general characteristics of pressure ulcer and influencing factors of pressure ulcer stage during hospitalization. Methods: A total of 614 patients were selected between January 1, and December 31, 2009 from one acute university hospital if they had pressure ulcers on admission or newly developed pressure ulcer during hospitalization. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 with percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Chi-square test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Influencing factors of pressure ulcer stage at discharge were eating (β=-.068, p=.047), elimination (β=-.145, p<.001), active exercise and movement (β=-.505, p<.001), albumin levels (β=.166, p<.001), and inflammatory markers (CRP)(β=-.091, p=.005). These variables accounted 55.8% of the variance in ulcer stage. Conclusion: Study results indicate that nurses' active role on pressure ulcer care and systematic approach are necessary to manage acutely ill inpatients' pressure ulcers.

관찰에 의한 유아용 자기리더십 척도 개발

이소희,강경자,박영례 숙명여자대학교 아동연구소 2010 兒童硏究 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구는 만 3~5세 유아를 대상으로 설시중인 유아성품리더십 프로그램인 <매일멋진영리더>의 자기리더십 효과를 측정하기 위해 척도를 개발하고 타당성을 검증하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 문항개발을 위하여 먼저 서울·경기 지역의 어린이집과 유치원 학부모 190명을 대상으로 유아의 자기리더십을 정의하고, 가정에서 관찰할 수 있는 자기리더십에 관한 행동특성을 수집하였다. 그 다음 유아리더십 전문가 4인을 대상으로 내용타당도를 확인하여 재정리한 후, 서울·경기 지역에 어린이집 및 유치원 교사 297명을 대상으로 유아자율성 척도를 사용하여 탐색적 요인분석과 상관계수, Cronbach α 계수 산출을 통해 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 이 결과, 문항 간 내적합치도는 96으로 산출되어 본 연구에서 개발한 척도는 유아의 자기리더십 특성을 측정할 수 있는 타당하고 신뢰로운 도구로 확인되었다. This study was conducted to developed a scale for measuring the effectiveness of self-leadership in <Great Young Leaders of Everyday> Program for infants at the age of 3~6, and to verify its validity. For development of items, self-leadership of infants was defined by child-care centers in Seoul and Kyunggi province, and 190 kindergarten parents, and behavioral characteristics of self-leadership that can be observed at home were collected. After confirming the content validity by 4 child welfare and leadership experts, the validation word was carried out on 297 nursery and kindergarten teachers in Seoul and Kyunggi province. The tools used for validation is a children's autonomy scale. The collected data verified validity and reliability of self-leadership scale of infants by observation through Exploratory Factor Analysis, correlation coefficient, and Cronbach a coefficient. As inter-item internal consistency was calculated to .96, the self-leadership scale of infants was confirmed to be a valid and reliable test tool to measure self-leadership characteristics of infants.

입원 노인 환자의 자아존중감과 자가간호역량의 관계

김희경,강경자 노인간호학회 2000 노인간호학회지 Vol.2 No.1

As the population over the age of 60 increases, the demand of nurses who care for this age group also continues to grow, so nurses must be interested in gerontological nursing in Korea. This thesis was carried out to identify effective self-care agency in elderly patients by researching the correlation between self- esteem and self-care agency. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the extent of self-esteem and self-care agency of the elderly and look into the relationship between them, and thus contribute to gerontological nursing interventions that maintain and promote life quality of the elderly by helping them adapt themselves to their life and promote their health. The population of this study were 167 persons over the age of 60 years and data were collected from March 7th to April 6th, 1998 by using 60 items questionnaire method. The instrument used for measuring self-esteem was Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale, and that for self-care agency was Kearnry, B. Y. & Fleisher, B. J.'s Self-care Agency Scale. The reliability of the two instruments were tested by Cronbach's alpha, and showed that those were 0.6250 and 0.9020, each. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe multiple analysis and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient using the spss computer program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score of the self-esteem was 24.76(SD?5.83). that of self-care agency was 79.57(SD?15.53) and maximum scores were 43 and 120, respectively. 2. Statistically significant factors influencing the self-esteem among sociodemographic variables were education(F=3.47, P<0.01), pocket money (F=3.96. P<0.00), health (F=3.00, P<0.05), and smoking (F=2.57, P<0.05) by Scheffe multiple analysis when it comes to pocket money, for one, this survey showed that the more the amount of money is, the more satisfactory the self-esteem is. And as for health, for another, it revealed that 'The group of the healthy' seemed to be move satisfied than the less healthy. Statistically significant factors affecting the self- care agency among sociodemographic variables were education(F=4.04, P<0.00), pocket money (F=2.60, P<0.03), housing (F=2.65. P<0.02), etc. By Scheffe's analysis as to education, it has been found that in self-care agency the illiterate is on a higher level than the high school educated. 3. There was moderate significant correlation between self-esteem and self-care agency (r=.465 P<0.01). In conclusion, since the self-care agency has much to do with their self-esteem, education, and finance, it must be considered in nursing interventions to improve the elderly patient's health maintenance.