Gitelman씨 증후군 1예

차영학,송명준,신요식,김성민,김영욱,김윤권,김소연,김영중,조민구,이권전 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.3

돼지고기육종의 방사선 유래 휘발성 물질 분석

차용준,박지영,김훈,김소정,정연정,소양순,유영재 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

Bacillus cereus KCTC 3674 produced at least two kinds of extracellular proteases. Two major bands of the protease activity with molecular weights of approximately 100 and 38 kDa were obtained after gelatin-SDS-PAGE. The production of extracellular proteases occurred during the logarithmic growth phase and was greatest when cultures reached the stationary growth phase. On the other hand, the growth of B. cereus KCTC 3674 and the production of its extracellular proteases were severely inhibited by the addition of protonophore carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). Thus, it was concluded that the growth of B. cereus KCTC 3674 and the production of its extracellular pretenses were strongly affected by a H+ electrochemical potential.

멸치액젓의 휘발성 향기성분에 관한 연구

차용준,박지영,장성민,김훈,김소정 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 1998 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.2

Volatile flavor components in salt-fermented anchovy sauce were analyzed by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectormetry. Ninety-eight compounds were detected in sample. These compounds were composed mainly of aldehydes(13). ketones(6), alcohols(16), aromatic compounds(21), N-containing compounds(7), esters(5), S-containing compounds(5) and miscellaneous compounds(25). Among these, 3-(methythio)propanal, 2-ethyl-3.5-dimethylpyrazine, dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide having high odor values were supposed to be playing to be a major role in the overall aroma of salt-fermented anchovy sauce.

체중이동 과제 학습시 효과적인 운동학적 되먹임 유형과 상대적 빈도

차승규,박소연,정진호,김영호 한국전문물리치료학회 2000 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Physical therapists have been using balance and weight shifting training to induce improvements in standing and walking. This study compared the effects of kinetic feedback frequency and concurrent kinetic feedback on the performance and learning of a weight shifting skill in young, nondisabled adults. Sixteen young adults without known impairment of the neuromusculoskeletal system volunteered for the study. Subjects in each of three kinetic feedback groups performed a weight shifting task in an attempt to minimize error between their effort and a center of pressure (COP) template for a 12 second period. Feedback was provided: 1) concurrently (concurrent feedback), 2) after each trial (100% feedback), 3) after ever other trial (50% feedback). Immediate and delayed (24 hous) retention tests were performed without feedback. During ascquistion phase, the concurrent feedback group exhibited less error than either of the post response feedback group. For the immediate retention test, the 50% feedback group exhibited less error than did the 100% feedback and concurrent feedback. During the delayed retention, 50% feedback group displayed less error than did the other groups. But no significant differences were found between groups. these results suggest that practice with concurrent feedback is beneficial for the immediate performance, but not for the learning of this weight shifting skill. Lower frequency of feedback resulted in more permanent changes in the subject's ability to complete the task.

미각혐오 학습의 상승 효과에 대한 조건자극 간 연합의 영향

차소영 한국심리학회 1990 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.2 No.1

미각 혐오학습 절차에서의 냄새 CS에 대한 혐오 냄새 CS 단독으로 제시하는 것보다 맛 CS와 동시에 제시하는 것이 훨씬 강력하다. 이런 상승 효과의 원인은 조건자극간 연합 때문이라는 주장이 상당히 타당성이 있다. 그런데 이런 설명이 옳다면, 조건자극간 연합의 정도와 상승 효과의 정도는 서로 관련이 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 이것을 검증하고자 한다. 먼저 실험 1에서는 맛자극을 공통으로 한 세쌍의 조건자극(맛-촉각, 맛-소리, 맛-냄새)을 LiCl 주사에 의해 앓이와 짝지우고, 다음에 각 집단에서 상승 효과가 서로 상이하게 나타나는지 알아보았다. 그 결과를 보면 맛-냄새 자극쌍에서는 상승 효과가, 맛-촉각에서는 차폐가, 맛-소리에서는 상승과 차폐 어느 것도 나타나지 않았다. 실험 2에서는 실험 1의 결과에 근거해서 그 상승 효과의 정도에 따라 조건자극간 연합의 정도가 다르게 나타나는가를 검증해 보았다. 복합자극 내 연합의 정도를 알기 위한 절차로서, 먼저 세쌍의 조건자극에 대해 조건화를 시키고 다음날 세 집단 모두에게 맛 자극에 대해서만 추가의 조건화를 시킨후 마지막으로 모든 집단에게 이전에 맛자극과 같이 짝지워졌던 각각의 자극을 제시하여 혐오의 정도를 비교하는 방식을 택하였다. 실험 2의 결과는 촉각 자극에 대해서는 혐오가 약하게, 소리 및 냄새 자극에 대해서는 강하게 나타났다. 그러나 소리 자극과 냄새 자극 사이에는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 실험 1과 2의 결과를 종합해보면, 맛-촉각, 맛-냄새 자극쌍에서는 분명히 조건자극간 연합의 정도가 상승의 정도와 관련이 있을 것이라는 가설이 지지되고 있다. In taste aversion learning paradigm, aversive conditioning of odor CS is stronger when it is presented with taste CS than presented alone. This has been explained to be due to be within-compound association, i.e. association between CSs. If it is true, the strength of association between CSs and the degree of potentiation will be related somehow. Present experiment is aimed to test this relationship. In experiment 1, three pairs of CSs in which taste stimulus was common(taste-tactile, taste-sound, taste-odor) were paired with sickness by injecting LiCl. Thereafter it was examined whether the degree of potentiation of each group was different. Experiment 2 was designed to test that the degree of potentiation in Experiment 1 was in accord with that of within-compound association. Its procedures were as follows. Three pairs of CSs were paired with sickness by injecting LiCl as in Experiment 1. On the next day, taste CS was further paired with sickness in each group. On the fourth day all subjects were tested whether the degree of aversion to tactile, sound, and odor stimulus was different. Results indicate that the hypothesis is supported at least in taste-tactile, taste-odor group.

Ether-free polymeric anion exchange materials with extremely low vanadium ion permeability and outstanding cell performance for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application

Cha, Min Suc,Jo, Sang Woo,Han, Seung Hui,Hong, Soo Hyun,So, Soonyong,Kim, Tae-Ho,Oh, Seong-Geun,Hong, Young Taik,Lee, Jang Yong Elsevier 2019 Journal of Power Sources Vol.413 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ether-free poly(<I>p</I>-phenylene)-based anion exchange membrane materials with outstanding vanadium ion blocking properties are reported. The synthesized ionomers with a rigid backbone structure show small dimensional variations despite the high ion exchange capacities. Among the synthesized membranes, the QPPP-2 membrane with ion exchange capacity of 2.1 meq·g<SUP>−1</SUP> exhibits high anion (OH<SUP>−</SUP>, SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>, and Cl<SUP>−</SUP>) conductivity. The QPPP-2 membrane shows an extremely low diffusion coefficient (2.12 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) for VO<SUP>2+</SUP>, which is much lower than that of Nafion 115 (2.88 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>), indicating the vanadium ion blocking property of QPPP-2. Moreover, the chemical and operational stabilities of the membranes are investigated <I>via</I> ex situ soaking tests in 0.1 M VO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> solution and in situ operation tests for 100 cycles, respectively. The vanadium redox flow battery single cell assembled with the QPPP-2 membrane exhibits a coulombic efficiency of 99%, voltage efficiency of 87%, and energy efficiency of 86% during 100 cycles at 80 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. The excellent chemical, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the QPPP-2 membrane make it suitable for use in vanadium redox flow battery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AEMs are fabricated by a Ni(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. </LI> <LI> The synthesized ionomers indicated excellent dimensional and chemical stability. </LI> <LI> Ether-free polymeric AEMs showed extremely low vanadium ion cross over. </LI> <LI> The performance of developed AEM showed high EE (87%) with high capacity retention. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

dexamethasone이 미각혐오 학습의 상승 효과에 미치는 영향

차소영 한국심리학회 1998 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.3 No.1

미각 혐오 학습에서는 복합 조건 자극이 무조건 자극인 앓이와 짝지워 제시될 때 현저 단서는 비현저 단서의 조건화를 차폐(overshadowing)시키는 것이 아니라 오히려 상승시키는데, 그 기제를 본 연구에서는 dexamethasone을 사용하여 규명하고자 한다. 실험 1에서, dexamethasone을 주사한 후 미각 혐오조건화를 시킨 결과, 혐오가 통제군에 비해 약하게 나타났다. 이 결과로 볼때, dexamethasone은 스트레스 상황에서 공포를 감소시키는 것으로 여겨진다. 실험 2에서는, 먼저 혐오조건화를 시켰다. 다음 dexamethasone을 주사하고 혐오의 정도를 측정하였는데, 그 결과는 통제군과 비교하여 차이가 없었다. 그러나 dexamethasone를 주사하지 않고 혐오를 재검사하였을 때에는 통제군에 비해 혐오가 강하게 나타났다. 즉 dexamethasone에 의한 혐오 감소 효과가 지속적이지 않았다. 그런데 만약 어떤 처치가 학습의 연합 과정에 영향을 미친다면 그 처치 효과가 비교적 영속적이어야 될 터인데, dexamethasone의 주사 효과는 그렇지 못하다. 따라서 이 약물은 연합 과정과는 무관한 것으로 여겨진다. 실험 3에서는 dexamethasone의 이런 성질을 이용하여 미각 혐오 학습에서 나타나는 상승 효과의 기제를 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저 실험군은 사카린과 아몬드 향을, 통제군은 아몬드 향을 조건자극으로 하여 혐오 조건화를 시켰다. 다음 아몬드 향에 대한 혐오를 측정한 결과 실험군이 통제군에 비해 혐오가 강력하였다. 즉 상승효과가 확인되었다. 그 후 dexamethasone을 주사하니 집단간 혐오의 차이가 없었다. 즉 상승 효과가 사라졌다. 이러한 결과들에 의해 판단해 볼 때, 상승 효과의 원인은 자극들 사이의 연합때문이 아니라, 아마도 혐오 장면이 일으키는 공포 때문에 나타나는 것으로 여겨진다. When compound CS is paired with sickness which is US, salient CS potentiates rather than overshadows nonsalient CS in taste aversion learning. The aim of this study was to elucidate, by means of dexamethsone, the cause of the potentiation phenomena. In experiment 1, by administering dexamethasone to rats before aversive conditioning, aversion to saccharin was weakened in comparison with control group. The result suggests that dexamethasone reduces fear under the stress situation. In experinemt 2, weakened aversion to saccharin was reversed when dexamethasone was not administered. This means that the effect of dexamethasone is transient. It is supposed that if a treatment influences associative process of learning, the effect of the treatment should be relatively permanent. And the effect of dexamethasone is not permanent. Therefore, it is considered that dexamethasone is irrelevant to associative process. In experiment 3, experimental group was aversively conditioned with saccharin and almond, and control group was with almond alone. Then, dexamethasone was administered to both group. The outcome was that general aversion reduction resulted in, and potentiation effect disappeared, too. Thus, it is difficult to say that potentiation effet results from the difference of associative strength between groups. Rather, it is more related with fear.

병원간호조직의 내부마케팅요인과 간호사의 직무만족, 조직몰입과의 관계연구

김소인,차선경,임지영 고려대학교 2001 간호학논집 Vol.3 No.-

갈치속젓의 휘발성성분에 관한 연구

김훈,장성민,윤성숙,박승영,김소정,차용준 Institute of Genetic Engineering Changwon National 1999 Gene and Protein Vol.3 No.1

Volatile components in salt-fermented hair tail viscera were anlayzed by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. Seventy four compounds were detected and composed mainly of aldehydes(15 compounds), ketones(7), alcohols(13), nitrogen containing compounds(5), esters(6), sulfur containing compounds(4), aromatic compounds(10) and miscellaneous compounds(14). Among these, some compound groups which were known to have generally the low flavor thresholds, such as aldehydes, ketones, nitrogen containing compounds, esters having low molecular weight and sulfur containing compounds, were supposed to be having major effects on the overall flavor of salt-fermented hair tail viscera.

녹차 및 결명자 추출물의 교정용 브라켓과 치면 사이의 경계부에서 분리된 mutans streptococci에 대한 항균작용

임성훈,서정순,윤영주,김광원,유소영,김화숙,국중기,이병래,차종희,박재윤 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.5

본 연구는 치아우식증에 관련된 Mutans streptococci 표준균주 및 임상분리 균주의 성장억제를 유도할 수 있는 천연 생약추출물을 검색하기 위하여 실시되었다. 녹차추출물은 CHMC-2032를 사용하였으며, 결명자 추출물은 50% 에탄올을 이용하여 얻었다. 이들 추출물의 Mutans streptococci 표준균주 및 교정환자들에서 브라켓과 치면 사이의 경계부에서 분리된 각각 10 균주씩의 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus에 대한 최소성장억제농도를 액체배지 희석법으로 구하였다. 그 결과 CHMC-2032의 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus의 표준 균주, S. sobrinus의 대부분 임상분리 균주에 대한 최소성장억제농도는 5 mg/ml이었다. 그러나 결명자 추출물에 의한 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus에 대한 세균 성장억제 효과는 미미하였다. 본 연구 결과 치아우식증의 예방적 측면에서 결명자차보다는 녹차를 마시는 것이 유리하며, CHMC-2032를 이용하여 구강양치용액을 제조하여 사용할 경우 교정환자를 포함하여 대부분의 사람에게서 치아우식증 예방 효과가 있으리고 추정된다. Mutans streptococci is the major causative factor in dental caries. Especially, orthodontic patients with fixed appliance are a risk group for dental caries. Because fixed appliances attached on teeth may change the environment of dental plaque, the enamel decalcification or dental caries around the bracket and band is a major side effect of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to search plant extracts that have antimicrobial effect on mutans streptococci. Seed-extract of Casio tora were prepared with ethanol and CHMC-2032, the leaf-extracts from Camellia sinensis extract, was obtained extract, 2 type strains and 20 clinical isolates of mutans streptococci isolated from the interface between orthodontic brackets and tooth surfaces in the orthodontic patients were used in this study. The minimal inhibitory concentration of CHMC-2032 was 5 mg/ml on the S. mutans KCTC 3065, S. sobrinus KCTC 3088, and 8 clinical isolates of S. sobrinus. However, there was no antibacterial effect of seed-extract of C. tora on mutans streptococci. These data suggest that green tea may be more effective than the tea prepared from C. tora in the prevention of enamel decalcification or dental caries around brackets.