교합면 열구 법랑질의 미세구조 및 산부식 형태

조태식,이상호,윤정훈,김수관 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

치면열구전색제의 접착력에 영향을 줄 수 있는 교합면 열구 법랑질의 미세구조 및 산부식 형태, 그리고 산부식 형태에 영향을 줄 수 있는 prismless enamel의 존재 여부 및 법랑질의 화학적 조성을 규명하고자 소구치를 대상으로 협설면과 근원심으로 각각 절단하여 열구내의 법랑질 표면과 산부식 형태를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하고 EDX를 사용하여 법랑질의 화학적 조성을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 열구내 법랑질은 대부분이 prismless enamel이 존재하였다. 2. 미성숙 영구치와 성숙된 영구치 간의 열구내 법랑질 표면 구조 및 산부식 형태는 차이가 없었다. 3. 열구 법랑질은 부위 에 관계없이 60초 산부식 이 15초, 30초, 45초에 비해 산부식 효과가 가장 켰으며 15초, 30초, 45초의 산부식 시간에서는 적절한 유지력을 얻을 수 있는 산부식 상이 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 열구 법랑질의 표면을 기계적으로 제거한 경우는 30초의 산부식 시간에서도 60초 산부식 시간에 못지않은 전형적 인 산부식 상이 관찰되었다. 5. 산부식 형태는 주로 rod 주위가 소실된 제 2형의 산부식 상이 관찰되었다. 6. 열구 내 법랑질의 부위별 화학적 조성의 차이는 없었으나 미성숙 영구치와 성숙된 영구치 사이의 칼슘/인 비는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면 교합면 열구내 법랑질은 대부분 산에 저항성이 큰 prismless enamel로 덮여 있어 기존에 제안된 15-30초의 산부식 시간으로는 적절한 유지력을 얻을 수 있는 산부식 상을 형성할 수 없다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 따라서 기존의 제안된 산부식 시간에 대한 재고가 필요하며 이와 함께 적절한 산부식 상을 얻기 위한 방안으로 산부식 전bur를 사용하여 열구내 법랑질 표면을 제거해 주는 보조적인 술식에 대한 검토가 필요하리 라 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mechanical and acid treatment on enamel surfaces for the retention of pit and fissure sealants and evaluate the presence of a prismless layer. The etch pattern produced on enamel from immature and mature premolar teeth extracted with varying period of acid etching using 37% phosphoric acid was examined using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The composition of each groups was evaluated using an energy dispersive x-ray(EDX) spectroscopy. The result of present study can be summarized as follows: 1. Prismless layer was commonly observed on the fissure enamel in young and mature premolar. 2. There were no differences in micro-structure and etching pattern on fissure enamel between the young and the mature premolar. 3. The most effective etching pattern for retention of pit and fissure sealant was observed in 60 seconds of etching time and no apparent difference of etching pattern was found among 15, 30, and 45 seconds of etching time which showed non-retentive etching patterns. 4. The etching pattern obtained by grinding enamel surface with bur followed by 60 seconds of etching was similar to that of 60 seconds of etching without any pretreatment of fissure surface. 5. Type 2 etching pattern was commonly found on fissure enamel in both young and mature premolar. 6. The calcium content and P/Ca ratio in fissure enamel between the young and the mature premolar were significantly different(PK0.05). But content of calcium, phosphate and P/Ca ratio on various regions of fissure enamel in both young and mature premolar did not showed any difference. Based on these results, prismless layer may negatively influence the retention of pit and fissure sealants. 'Therefore, the mechanical removal of the prismless layer by grinding prior to etching or by prolonged etching time of enamel within the fissure system should result in an improved bonding of a pit and fissure sealant.

경사가 많은 국내지형을 고려한 외발 Personal Mobility용 고 토크 모터 설계에 관한 연구

김정식(Jeong Sik Kim),정영현(Young Hyeon Jeong),임성문(Sung Moon Lim),류재호(Jae Ho Ryu),박관수(Gwan Soo Park) 대한전기학회 2015 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

넙치 인공종묘생산에 있어 막분리 여과 시스템을 이용한 수질환경의 개선

정관식 ( Gwan Sik Jeong ),안창범 ( Chang Bum Ahn ),오명주 ( Myung Joo Oh ),지승철 ( Seung Cheol Ji ),유진형 ( Jin Hyung Yoo ) 한국수산과학회 2002 한국수산과학회지 Vol.35 No.6

막분리여과 시스템을 이용한 수질환경의 조절과 인공종묘생산 어류의 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 사육수의 수질분석, 세균상 조사 및 자어의 성장률 등을 조사하여 비교하였다. 실험구는 고압모래여과기구 (SFS)와 막분리여과시스템구 (UFS)을 두었으며, 수질에 대해서는 pH, 염분도, DO, SS, COD, NH_4^+, NO_2^-, NO_3^-, DIN, DIP를 분석하였다. 대부분의 분석항목에서는 SFS구와 UFS구에서 큰 차이가 없었으나, 염분도는 SFS구 33.5%, UFS구와 30.2%이었으며, SS는 SFS구 15.5mL/L, 7.0mL/L으로써 염분도와 SS에 대해서는 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 세균상 및 총균수의 변동에서 자연해수의 6×10^5 CFU/mL은 SFS구에서 약 1/6의 비율로 낮아지고 9일째 이후 총균수와 Vibrio 속이 급격히 증가하고 Acinetobacter속 및 Micrococcus속 세균이 급증하기 시작하였으나, UFS구에서는 Alteromonas속 세균의 일부가 남아있는 것 이외에 실험기간 중 안정적인 세균상을 유지하였다. 성장률은 SFS구가 전장 17.0mm (SGR 14.0)이었으며, UFS구가 18.8mm (SGR 14.3)로서 유의적으로 높은 성장을 나타내었다. 막분리여과시스템을 이용하여 무균해수를 종묘생산장에 공급하는 것은 수질환경의 안정과 제균효과에 의해 세균의 증식이 억제되므로 자치어의 사육환경이 안정적으로 유지되어 질 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. Water quality, bacterial phase and fish growth rate were analyzed in the process of artificial seed production of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) larvae to investigate the water quality in rearing tank using Ultra Filtration System (UFS), Sand Filtration System (SFS) and Ultra Filtration System (UFS) were set up in the experimental group. For the analysis of water quality, pH, salinity, DO, SS, COD, NH_4^+, NO_2^-, NO_3^-, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphate) were measured. There was no data difference between SFS group and UFS group in most analysis items, but the UFS group showed low salinity and low SS values, such that salinity was 33.5% in SFS group and 30.2% in UFS group and SS was 15.5 mL/L in SFS group and 7.0 mL/L for UFS group. For changes in bacterial phase and TBC (total bacterial counts), in SFS group, 6×10^5 CFU/mL in seawater decreased to the ratio of about 1/6, and TBC, Genus Vibrio and bacterial in the Genus Acinetobacter and Genus Micrococcus sharply increased after nine days, while stable bacterial phase was maintained low in UFS group during the experiment except for Genus Alteromonas. It is concluded that when water is supplied for artificial seed production with UFS, stabilization of water quality condition and inhibition of bacterial multiplication are possible. When production environment becomes stable, stable growth of fish becomes possible by reduction of environmental stress.

넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus용 습사료의 적정 지질 첨가량

정관식(Gwan Sik JEONG),지승철(Seung Cheol Ji) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2003 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.12 No.-

A feeding experiment was performed for 8 weeks by experimental feed, in which fish oil was added as lipid source and energy to protein ratio (E/P) was adjusted, to investigate proper E/P of moist pellet (MP) diet for olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. For addition of fish oil in the MP diet, non-added group as control, 3, 6, 9, and 12% added group were set up. E/P was increased in proportion to the added amount of fish oil in the range of 8.7~11.8. Growth rates of each group were 121.9%, 135.2%, 141.9%, 175.0%, and 165.7%, and significantly higher in the more than 6% of fish oil added groups (P<0.05). However, the 12% added group showed decrease in feed efficiency and growth rate compared to the 9% added group. Daily feed intake of each group were 2.21%, 2.28%, 2.42%, 2.72% and 2.79%, and significantly higher in the fish oil added groups (P<0.05). Protein efficiency ratio was significantly increased in all the groups added with fish oil, compared to the control group. As result of analysis on the body composition of olive flounder, there was no significant difference in moisture, crude protein and crude ash (P>0.05), however, crude lipid and hepatic lipid content of them showed significantly high values in the fish oil added groups (P<0.05). As result of this experiment, it is judged that optimal E/P ratio of MP diet was 10.1~10.3, and optimal addition level of fish oil to MP diet was 6~9%.

넙치용 습사료의 항산화제 첨가효과

정관식(Gwan Sik JEONG),지승철(Seung Cheol Ji),안창범(Chang Bum AHN) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2003 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.12 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate supplementary effects of the antioxidant, antioxidant premix and ethoxyquin to moist pellet diet (MP). Experimental fish (average body weight, 40 g) were divided into 5 group and each group was fed with raw fish diet (diet 1), 8:2 (ratio of raw fish to commercial compound meal) MP (diet 2), 8:2MP with antioxidant premix (diet 3), 8:2MP with fresh oil and ethoxyquin (diet 4), 8:2MP with oxidized oil and ethoxyquin (diet 5) for 8 weeks. The Growth rate of fish fed diet 3 was the best (167.1%). The growth rates of diet 1, 4 and 5 (138.8%, 136.0% and 145.0%, respectively) were significantly higher than diet 1 (108.3%). Feed efficiency of fish fed diet 3, 4 and 5 (53.7~55.9%) were significantly higher than diet 1 and 2 (45.6% and 49.0%, respectively). Crude protein and lipid contents of whole body fed the diet 3, 4 and 5 higher than those of diet 1 and 2. Also, these diet groups had higher hepatosomatic index (HSI), visceralsomatic index (VSI) and condition factor (CF) than the other diet groups.

습사료에 비타민 C와 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장과 체성분에 미치는 영향

정관식 ( Gwan Sik Jeong ),지승철 ( Seung Cheol Ji ),안창범 ( Chang Bum Ahn ),신태선 ( Tae Sun Shin ),유진형 ( Jin Hyong Yoo ) 한국수산과학회 2003 한국수산과학회지 Vol.36 No.2

N/A This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of vitamin C and E to moist pellet on growth and body composition in juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Four groups of diet made : moist pellet (MP) diet group was used as the control group where the ratio of raw feed and commercial compound meal is 5:5 (CP 30%, CL 17%), vitamin C added group (VC), vitamin E added group (VE) and vitamin C and E added group (VCE). The supplementary amount of vitamin C and E corresponded to 1000 mg/kg (dry wt.) and 220 mg/kg (dry wt.), respectively. Vitamin C was destroyed 50% and vitamin E was destroyed 20% for manufacturing process. After 8 weeks feeding trial, weight gain was 121.9% in MP group, while it ranged from 180.5 to 184.9% in the VC, VE and VCE group. Feed efficiency was 71.6% in MP group, whereas it ranged from 78.7 to 80.6% in the VC, VE and VCE group, weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed vitamin supplemented diets were significantly higher than control group and no significant difference among the vitamin added groups was observed (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index(HSI), and visceraweight index (VWI) of body composition. Hemoglobin (Hb) was 3.79% in MP group, whereas 4.99% in VC group, 4.55% in VE group and 5.07% in VCE group; Hb was significantly higher in the vitamin added groups than the control group (p<0.05). Vitamin C retention in liver was 18.1, 20.7, 46.6, 54.0 mg/kg in MP, VE, VC and VCE groups, respectively. Vitamin E retention in liver was 25.9, 53.8, 88.2, 124.5 mg/kg in MP, VC, VE and VCE groups, respectively. These results indicate that supplementation of vitamin C and E to moist pellet diet significantly improved growth and feed efficiency of ollive flounder, and the mixed addition of vitamin C (1,000 mg/kg dry wt.) and vitamin E (220 mg/kg dry wt.) did not lead to the synergy effect.

NIH3T3와 NIH3T3(ras) 세포에서 Dynamin II 발현 및 형태적 비교

이철우,김수관,최정윤,최백동,배춘식,정순정,정문진,Lee, Chul-Woo,Kim, Su-Gwan,Choi, Jeong-Yun,Choi, Baik-Dong,Bae, Chun-Sik,Jeong, Soon-Jeong,Jeong, Moon-Jin 한국현미경학회 2005 Applied microscopy Vol.35 No.3

Ras 신호전달체계는 세포내 다양한 결합 분자들과 더불어 세포의 분열과 세포의 이동에 관여한다. Dynamin 단백질은 endocytosis와 분비과정에서 vesicle를 분리하는데 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 3가지 아형으로 구분된다. Dynamin I은 신경조직에서 만 발현되고, dynamin II는 모든 조직에서 발현되지만 dynamin III는 정소를 포함한 생식기계에서만 발현된다. 선행된 연구에서 NIH3T3 세포를 이용하여 ras과발현 세포주를 만들었으며, dynamin II와 ras의 신호전달체계에 있는 Grb2가 결합한다는 것을 보고하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 ras 단백질이 과발현되는 세포 (NIH3T3 (ras))와 대조세포인 NIH3T3의 형태학적인 차이점을 분석하고, 이 두 세포들에서 dynamin II 단백질의 발현의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. Dynamin II의 발현차이를 분석하기 위해 형광염색을 하여 공초점 레이저현미경으로 세포내 분석을 하였으며, western blot을 시행하여 생화학적인 발현차이를 보았다. 또한, 두 세포의 미세구조적인 분석을 위하여 SEM과 TEM을 사용하였다. Dynamin II는 NIH3T3 (ras) 세포에서 발현이 증가 하였으며, NIH3T3 세포에 비하여 좀더 방추형이 었으며, 작은 세포질 돌기가 세포막을 따라 다수 신장되어있음이 관찰되었다. 또한, NIH3T3 (ras) 세포의 endocytotic vesicle이 형성되는 부위에서 dynamin II의 발현이 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 dynamin II는 ras신호전달체계의한 신호전달분자로서 작용을 할 것으로 사료된다. It has been known that ras signaling transduction leads to cell proliferation and migration including various adaptor molecules. Dynamin protein has been implicated in the formation of nascent vesicles in both the endocytic and secretory pathways. Dynamin was classified into three isoforms: dynamin I is only expressed in neuronal tissue, dynamin II is expressed ubiquitously in all tissue but that of dynamin III is confined to testis. We have reported in previous study that Grb2, binding to ras, was associated with dynamin II in NIH3T3 cells. Therefore we have tried to identify the relative expression of dynamin II according to overexpressed ras protein in ras oncogene transfected cells (NIH3T3 (ras)). For the detection of differential expression of dynamin II, we have used immunofluorescent staining and western blot methods in NIH3T3 and NIH3T3 (ras) cells. Next we have described the morphological differences between NIH3T3 and NIH3T3 (ras) cells using SEM and TEM. From these experiments dynamin II was highly expressed in NIH3T3 (ras) cells. NIH3T3 cells was transformed to more spindle shape with many cell process by transfection of ras oncogene. Moreover dynamin II was more concentrated in endocytotic membrane of the NIH3T3 (ras) cells compared to that of NIH3T3 cells. The present results suggested that dynamin II may involve the intermediate messenger in Ras signaling transduction pathway.

전파 산업 패러다임 혁신을 위한 『전파설계 집단지성』 체계 구축

고일석,박용배,육종관,이은정,정경영,정용식,정재영,최형도,추호성,홍익표,하태웅,Go, Il-Seok,Park, Yong-Bae,Yuk, Jong-Gwan,Lee, Eun-Jeong,Jeong, Gyeong-Yeong,Jeong, Yong-Sik,Jeong, Jae-Yeong,Choe, Hyeong-Do,Chu, Ho-Seong,Hong, Ik-Pyo,Ha, 한국전자파학회 2017 전자파기술 Vol.28 No.6

Genetic composition of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), in South Korea

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Gas releases and rod internal pressure of BN-added UO2 fuel

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