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이장훈,권혁구,박승호,김동진,홍철호 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Air quality monitoring is a primary activity for industrial and social environment. The government identifies the pollutants that each industry must monitor. Especially, the VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds), which are very harmful to human body and environment atmosphere, should be controlled under the government policy. However, the VOCs, which have not been confirmed in emission sources are very difficult to monitor. It is needed to develop the monitoring system that allow the continuous and in situ measurement of VOCs mixture in different environmental matrices. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are the most prevalent current techniques among those available for the analysis of VOCs. But, they need a large size analytical instrument, which costs a great deal for purchase and operation. In addition, it has some limitations for real time environmental monitoring such as location problems and slow processing time. Recently, several companies have commercialized a portable VOCs measurement systems, which cannot classify various kinds of VOCs but total quantities. We have developed a VOCs measurement system, which recognizes various kinds and quantities of VOCs, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene(BTX). Also, it can be used as a stand-alone type and/or fixed type in the vehicle with rack for real-time environmental monitoring.
김종혁,김일해,박만진,장동영,한동철,백영종 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-
General purpose of cylindrical capacitive displacement sensor(CCS) is measuring run-out motion and deflection of rotor. If CCS has narrow sensing range, its sensitivity coefficients must be calibrated precisely. And x, y component of CCS output can be coupled. In this research, CCS calibration procedure is automated with automatic calibration program and PC-controlled stage. And, coupled-terms of CCS signals were removed and the errors between measured position and mapped CCS signal were reduced obviously by sensitivity matrix that linearly
Si Bulk Micromachining을 위한 Wafer Rolling Etching 및 그 특성
김건년,이보나,박효덕,신상모,공경준,장동근,김병철,권혁채,이봉희 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1
A wafer rolling etching system for the silicon bulk micromachining has been designed and fabricated. The silicon diaphragms were anisotropically etched in a 24.5 weight percent KOH solution. Compared to the conventional KOH etching systems, pyramidal hillocks, and wave-shaped structures on the etched surfaces were greatly reduced by using this system. After etching for time of 438 minutes, the average etched depth and the etch-rate were measured to be 537μm and 1.22μm/min, respectively. The average etching uniformity of etching depth was 0.87% in 5-inch wafer. Our results showed that the wafer rolling method enhanced etch uniformity and etch rate.
고혈압(高血壓) 뇌졸중(腦卒中) 환자(患者)에 대한 사혈(瀉血)의 강압효과(降壓效果)
문장혁,안호진,정동화,윤형선,장재원,김경선,문익렬,백종엽,이상무,Mon, Jang-hyuk,Ahn, Ho-jin,Jeong, Dong-hwa,Yoon, Hyung-sun,Jang, Jae-won,Kim, Kyung-sun,Moon, Ik-ryoul,Baek, Jong-yeob,Lee, Sang-moo 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.2
Objective : The aim of this research was to investigate the depressive effect of depletion of B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patients. Methods : Depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patient who were admitted in Dong-Seo Oriental Medical Hospital every other day form 4 weeks, without western antihypertensive drug. Results : After treatment in 2nd week, depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) without western antihypertensive drug increased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After treatment in 4th week, depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) without western antihypertensive drug decreased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After treatment in 4th week, values of RBC and hemoglobine were not significantly changed. Conclusions : Continous depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patient without western antihypertensive drug implies decreasement of blood pressure, without change of values of RBC and hemoglobine.
Jang, Yong Hyun,Kim, Seok Min,Eun, Dong Hyuk,Park, Kyung Duck,Park, Gyeong-Hun,Kim, Byung-Soo,Li, Kapsok,Park, Chang Ook,Kim, Hye One,Kim, Hei Sung,Jang, Min Soo,Doh, Eun Jin,Lee, Dong Hun,Lee, Yang W Elsevier 2020 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY - Vol.82 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Several tools can provide a reliable and accurate evaluation of pruritus, including the visual analog scale (VAS), numeric rating scale (NRS), verbal rating scale (VRS), and multidimensional questionnaires such as the Itch Severity Scale (ISS). However, no single method is considered a gold standard.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>We evaluated the validity and reliability of VAS, NRS, VRS, and ISS and their correlation with a pruritus-specific quality of life instrument, ItchyQoL.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 419 patients (215 men and 204 women) with chronic pruritus (mean age, 46.58 years) recorded their pruritus intensity on VAS, NRS, VRS, and ISS. Retest reliability was analyzed in a second assessment 3 hours after the initial assessment. All participants answered ItchyQoL.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>A strong correlation between VAS, NRS, and VRS was found. ISS showed a low intercorrelation validity with these tools. However, ISS was more strongly correlated with ItchyQoL. The retest reliability scores were similar for VAS, NRS, and VRS but lower than the scores obtained for ISS.</P> <P><B>Limitations</B></P> <P>Limitations include patient heterogeneity and recall bias.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>The assessment of pruritus is challenging because of the subjective symptoms and the multifactorial nature. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine the best strategy to assess itch intensity.</P>