아파트 신문광고에 나타난 사회적 차별성에 대한 연구 : 경제적 계층과 성(Gender)에 대한 차별성을 중심으로

홍윤영,강미선,이윤희 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.11

Newspaper Advertisement not only reflects social culture in our society, but also affects in Social-Cultural Values. In addition, Newspaper Advertisement is the main mean. connecting between the public as consumer and the building industry as the producer of Apartment(APT) Market. Therefore, this paper studies residential culture in APT and also, aims to analyze the newspaper advertisement to find the relationship in residential market. Due to changes occurring in APT advertisement after 1998, the price decontrol of Apt has enforced, divided and analyzed since the APT advertisement since the beginning of early 1970's and right after 1998. As APT advertisement among the companies were inflamed due to the enforced level among many various types of APT. Even though the phenomena in APT market influences on the development and changes in traditional APT spatial planning, on the other hand, it results in falsification of our residential culture. Newspaper advertisement presents a new possible direction and proposes corrective social-cultural role by analysis of spatial & class distinction in APT.

Effect of Low Temperature and Plant Age on Growth and Photosynthesis of Phalaenopsis ‘Hwasu 3551’ and ‘White-Red Lip’ during Vegetative Stage

홍윤영,김기선 인간식물환경학회 2014 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.6

This study was conducted to examine the low temperature effects on photosynthesis of two Phalaenopsis hybrids ‘Hwasu 3551’(HS) and ‘White – Red Lip’(WR) at different plant age. Micropropagated clones were acclimated for 4 weeks. After acclimation, plants were grown in a growth chamber at 28/26 o C(HT). Plants were transferred to 21/19 o C(LT) after 0, 2, and 4 months of cultivation at HT, and plant age was 1, 3, and 5 month – old, respectively. The photoperiod was provided by 12 hours with PPF at 110±10 μ mol·m -2 ·s -1 (06:00 – 18:00 HR). Vegetative growth and diurnal CO 2 uptake rate of plants maintained at HT or transferred to LT were measured and compared each other. With all conditions, two Phalaenopsis hybrids showed CAM pathway, which was divided into Phase I to IV by CO 2 exchange. When plants were transferred to LT, daily total net CO 2 uptake and growth rate decreased. In 3 month-old plants transferred to LT, CO 2 uptake rate during phase III decreased to -1.36 and -0.60 μ mol·m -2 ·s -1 in HS and WR(CO 2 leakage), respectively. CO 2 leakage during Phase III induced significant decrease of daytime total net CO 2 uptake, and vegetative growth rate decreased. In addition, when 3 month-old plants were transferred to LT, the number of new leaves significantly decreased. However, when 5 month – old plants were transferred to LT, decrease of number of new leaves were not observed and only leaf length decreased. These results indicated that low temperature effect on vegetative growth and photosynthesis were small in 5 month – old plant, and vegetative growth was maintained. This approach could be helpful for establishing schedule or improving strategy in Phalaenopsis cultivation with energy cost saving.

원어민 영어교사와 비원어민 영어교사에 대한 영어 학습자와 학부모 간의 인식 차이 연구

홍윤영 ( Yoon Young Hong ) 한국현대언어학회 2012 언어연구 Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study is to compare the perceptions of middle school students and parents of middle school students toward non-native and native English teachers especially in terms of levels of satisfaction and achievement. For this study, 116 middle school students and 52 parents of middle school students in ``D`` city were participated. Questionnaires with same questions for students and parents were used to examine their perceptions. As a result of this study, followings were found. First, both students and parents thought that students were benefitting from both native and non-native English teachers in English classes. Especially, parents thought that non-native English teachers could understand students individually and native English teachers could encourage students` interests in English. Second, parents showed higher awareness than students that non-native English teachers could be helpful for preparing the college scholastic ability test, while students showed higher awareness than parents that non-native English teachers also could be beneficial to increase speaking ability. Third, students generally had difficulties in communicating with native English teachers because mostly they could not speak Korean. And parents stated that native English teachers need to introduce the cultural varieties to students with more sense of duty.

저온과 식물 연령이 호접란 ‘Hwasu 3551’과 ‘White-Red Lip’의 영양생장기간 중 생장 및 광합성에 미치는 영향

홍윤영,김기선 한국인간·식물·환경학회 2014 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.6

‘Hwasu 3551’(HS) 과 ‘White-Red Lip’(WR)을 대상으로 저 온이 호접란의 생육단계별 광합성에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 실 험에 사용하기 위해 조직배양을 통해 번식된 유묘들을 4주간 외부 환경에 순화시킨 후(1개월 묘), 28/26oC(HT)의 식물생육상에서 재배하였다. HT에서 0(1개월 묘), 2(3개월 묘), 4 개월(5개월 묘) 간 재배된 식물들을 21/19oC(LT)의 식물생육상으로 옮겨 3개월 간 저온처리 하였고, 각 식물생육상의 일장은 12시간(06시.18시), 광도는 110±10μmol·m-2·s-1 PPF를 유지하였다. 저온의 영향을 알 아보기 위해서 각 온도 및 생육단계별로 영양생장과 24시간 동안의 CO2흡수율을 측정하였다. 전반적으로 호접란의 광합성은 CO2흡 수 양상에 따라 페이즈 I부터 IV까지 나뉘어지는 전형적인 CAM 광합성을 보였으며, 3개월간 저온에서 재배 후 하루 동안 흡수한 총 CO2의 양과 영양생장의 증가정도는 HT 조건을 유지한 처리군에 비해 감소하였다. 특히 3개월 묘를 LT에서 3개월간 재배하였을 떄, HS, WR 두 품종의 페이즈 III 동안 CO2흡수율은 각각 -1.36, -0.60μmol·m-2·s-1까지 감소하여 CO2누출 (CO2 leakage)양상을 보였다. 이로 인해 낮 동안의 총 CO2흡수량이 감소하였고, 영양 생 장량 역시 감소하였다. 1개월 묘를 LT조건에서 재배하였을 때 신 엽의 발생은 통계적으로 유의성 있게 감소하였지만, 5개월 묘의 경 우에는 감소하지 않았고, 단지 엽장의 증가정도만 감소하였다. 이 러한 결과는 5개월 묘에서 저온의 영향이 작았고, 영양생장이 계속 유지되었다는 것을 나타낸다. 호접란의 재배에 있어서 이러한 접근 방식은 재배 스케줄을 조절하거나 기존의 방법을 개선하여 재배비 용을 절감하는 대에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다. This study was conducted to examine the low temperature effects on photosynthesis of two Phalaenopsis hybrids ‘Hwasu 3551’(HS) and ‘White–Red Lip’(WR) at different plant age. Micropropagated clones were acclimated for 4 weeks. After acclimation, plants were grown in a growth chamber at 28/26oC(HT). Plants were transferred to 21/19oC(LT) after 0, 2, and 4 months of cultivation at HT, and plant age was 1, 3, and 5 month–old, respectively. The photoperiod was provided by 12 hours with PPF at 110±10μmol·m-2·s-1(06:00– 18:00 HR). Vegetative growth and diurnal CO2 uptake rate of plants maintained at HT or transferred to LT were measured and compared each other. With all conditions, two Phalaenopsis hybrids showed CAM pathway, which was divided into Phase I to IV by CO2 exchange. When plants were transferred to LT, daily total net CO2 uptake and growth rate decreased. In 3 month-old plants transferred to LT, CO2 uptake rate during phase III decreased to -1.36 and -0.60μmol·m-2·s-1 in HS and WR(CO2 leakage), respectively. CO2 leakage during Phase III induced significant decrease of daytime total net CO2 uptake, and vegetative growth rate decreased. In addition, when 3 month-old plants were transferred to LT, the number of new leaves significantly decreased. However, when 5 month–old plants were transferred to LT, decrease of number of new leaves were not observed and only leaf length decreased. These results indicated that low temperature effect on vegetative growth and photosynthesis were small in 5 month–old plant, and vegetative growth was maintained. This approach could be helpful for establishing schedule or improving strategy in Phalaenopsis cultivation with energy cost saving.

야파 처리가 살비아 ‘Salsa’의 영양생장 및 개화에 미치는 영향

홍윤영(Yoon Yeong Hong),박유진(Yu Jin Park),김윤진(Yoon Jin Kim),김기선(Ki Sun Kim) 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.4

이 연구는 야파 처리 시간대가 살비아 ‘Salsa’의 영양생장 및 개화에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 저광도 야파 처리가 광합성을 증가시킬 수 있는지 알아보고자 수행되었다. 살비아는 9시간의 단일조건 또는 9시간 일장에 3-5μ㏖·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP>의 광도의 야파를 추가한 조건의 식물 생육상에서 재배되었고, 야파 처리는 18시-22시(NI18), 22시-02시(NI22), 02시-06시(NI02)의 세 구간으로 나누어 적용되었다. NI18, NI22, NI02 처리구에서 광합성은 야파 처리 시간 동안에 각각 0.33, 0.16, 0.13μ㏖·CO₂·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP>만큼 증가하였다. 하지만 엽폭, 엽장 등의 영양생장은 단일 조건하의 식물들과 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. 야파 처리 시 개화까지 걸리는 시간은 9.8일 단축되었고, 17주간 야파 처리 시 꽃의 수는 단일 조건의 36.4개에 비해 NI02 처리구에서 138.7개로 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 02시부터 06시까지의 야파 처리가 개화를 촉진하는 데에 가장 효과적이라는 것을 보여준다. 그러나 야파 처리 시간 동안에 증가한 광합성량은 살비아의 영양생장 증가에는 효과를 보이지 못하였다. 비록 야파 처리 동안의 미미한 광합성의 증가가 살비아의 영양생장을 증가시키지는 못하였지만, 개화에는 크게 영향을 미쳤다. 단일 조건에서는 44.4%만이 개화하였지만 8주간 야파 처리시 NI18, NI22, NI02 처리구에서는 각각 77.8, 88.9, 100.0% 개화하였다. This research was conducted to examine the effects of night interruption (NI) at different times on vegetative growth and flowering in Salvia splendens ‘Salsa’. Plants were grown in a growth chamber under 9-h photoperiod (short-day, SD) or 9-h photoperiod plus NI with light intensity at 3-5 μ㏖·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP> photosynthetic photon flux. The NI was applied at 18:00-22:00 HR (NI18), 22:00-02:00 HR (NI22), or 02:00-06:00 HR (NI02). The net photosynthetic rate under NI18, NI22, and NI02 increased by 0.33, 0.16, and 0.13 μ㏖·CO₂·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, during the NI period. Dry weight, plant height, and the number of nodes under NI were not significantly different from those of the plants under SD. However, flowering was earlier by approximately 9.8 days, and the number of flowers increased to 138.7 in NI02 compared to 36.4 flowers under SD at 17 weeks after the treatment. Our results indicate that NI02 was the most effective treatment in promoting flowering. Although vegetative growth of salvia was not increased in response to the increased net photosynthesis, flowering was promoted. Under NI18, NI22, and NI02 treatments, 77.8, 88.9, and 100.0% of salvia plants flowered within 8 weeks, whereas 44.4% of the plants flowered within the same time under SD conditions.

고령화 한국사회에서 성공적 노후 삶의 기대에 따른 주거의 의미와 주거 환경에 대한 요구조사-서울, 인천 및 경기지역을 중심으로 한 질적 연구 결과를 바탕으로-

홍윤영(Hong.Yunyoung),강미선(Kang.Miseon) 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1

We will research, in Aging Society, what is the Elderly to lead a Successful Life who wants the elderly, what is the<br/> meaning and expectation of dwelling environment for that.<br/> We probed the elderly, who are over sixty-five years old, who live in Seoul, In-chon and Kyung-gi Province. Phenomenological Perspective of Van Menen‘s theory, the one of Qualitative Research, is used for this research.<br/> <br/>

ViT 기반 모델의 강건성 연구동향

신영재 ( Yeong-jae Shin ),홍윤영 ( Yoon-young Hong ),김호원 ( Ho-won Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2022 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.29 No.2

컴퓨터 비전 분야에서 오랫동안 사용되었던 CNN(Convolution Neural Network)은 오분류를 일으키기 위해 악의적으로 추가된 섭동에 매우 취약하다. ViT(Vision Transformer)는 입력 이미지의 전체적인 특징을 탐색하는 어텐션 구조를 적용함으로 CNN의 국소적 특징 탐색보다 특성 픽셀에 섭동을 추가하는 적대적 공격에 강건한 특성을 보이지만 최근 어텐션 구조에 대한 강건성 분석과 다양한 공격 기법의 발달로 보안 취약성 문제가 제기되고 있다. 본 논문은 ViT가 CNN 대비 강건성을 가지는 구조적인 특징을 분석하는 연구와 어텐션 구조에 대한 최신 공격기법을 소개함으로 향후 등장할 ViT 파생 모델의 강건성을 유지하기 위해 중점적으로 다루어야 할 부분이 무엇인지 소개한다.

샴 네트워크와 동형암호를 이용한 개인정보 보호 얼굴 검증 시스템

조현진,강효은,심준석,홍윤영,김호원 한국통신학회 2022 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.47 No.3

Deep learning, which has shown good performance in image recognition, has recently become an essential element in various fields, and as the importance of biometric recognition increases, deep learning models suitable for face verification are being studied. However, deep learning model uses the user's face image to learn. In this case, it implies that the Inversion attack, the vulnerability of the deep learning model may extract the user's face image and not protect privacy. Therefore, there is a need for a technology that enables normal verification of the deep learning model while protecting the privacy of the face image, which is the user's personal information. In this paper, to protect users' privacy, encryption using Paillier isomorphic encryption is applied to facial images used for deep learning and reasoning. In addition, by using a Siamese network that infers using similarities between feature vectors, high accuracy in the learning and verification process was also shown for encrypted data that is difficult to distinguish. 이미지 인식에서 좋은 성능을 보이고 있는 딥러닝은 최근 다양한 분야에서 필수적인 요소로 작용하고 있으며, 생체인식의 중요성이 증가함에 따라 얼굴 검증에 적합한 딥러닝 모델들이 연구되고 있다. 그러나 딥러닝 모델의학습에는 사용자의 얼굴 이미지를 그대로 사용한다. 이 경우 딥러닝 모델의 취약점인 Inversion attack에 의해 사용자의 얼굴 이미지가 유출이 될 가능성이 존재하며 프라이버시가 보호되지 않는 점을 암시한다. 따라서 사용자의개인정보인 얼굴 이미지의 프라이버시를 보호하면서 딥러닝 모델의 정상적인 검증을 가능하게 하는 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 사용자의 프라이버시를 보호하기 위하여 딥러닝 학습 및 추론에 사용되는 얼굴 이미지에Paillier 동형암호화를 이용한 암호화를 적용한다. 또한 특징 벡터 간의 유사도를 이용하여 추론을 하는 샴 네트워크를 사용함으로써 구분하기 어려운 암호화 데이터에 대해서도 학습 및 검증 과정에서의 높은 정확도를 보이도록하였다.