8-Fluorociprofloxacin과 Ciprofloxacin의 시험관내 및 생체내 항균 효과와 약물동태의 비교

최경업(Kyung Eob Choi),정용환(Yong Hwan Jung),김제학(Je Hak Kim) 대한약학회 1993 약학회지 Vol.37 No.3

8-Fluorociprofloxacin(8-FCP) is an investigational quinolone derivative that is substituted with fluorine at the C-8 position of ciprofloxacin(CP). It was found that the in vitro activity of 8-FCP against Gram(+) bacteria was more potent that of CP, but the opposite against Gram(-) bacteria was true. However, 8-FCP showed better in vivo efficacy than CP against representative Gram(-) organisms, E. coli and K pneumoniae. In an attempt to seek for factors causing this discrepancy in the antibacterial activities, a comparative pharmacokinetic study of 8-FCP and CP was conducted in mice and rats treated either intravenously or orally at a single dose of 30mg/kg. The pharmacokinetic parameters in mice were as follows; the mean peak serum concentrations(Cmax) following i.v. and oral doses were 12.4 and 5.3mcg/ml for 8-FCP, and 9.5 and 2.5mcg/ml for CP, respectively. The terminal half-life(tl/2beta) was 72.9 min for 8-FCP, and 98.2 min for CP, and the oral bioavailability(F) was 89.9% for 8-FCP, and 50.5% for CP. In rats, the mean (+/-SD) Cmax after i.v. administration were 11.6 +/- 1.6 mcg/ml for 8-FCP, and 10.2 +/- 1.3 mcg/ml for CP, whereas oral administration produced Cmax of 5.9 +/- 1.8 mcg/ml for 8-FCP and 1.1 +/- 0.9 mcg/ml for CP, respectively. The tl/2beta was 67.9 +/- 8.4 min for 8-FCP, and 76.4 +/- 7.2 min for CP. The F was 88.6 +/- 6.3% for 8-FCP, and 40.7 +/- 6.5% for CP. Marked differences were observed between the two quinolones in the Cmaxand the area under the concentration-time curve obtained after oral administration in mice and rats. The extent of 8-FCP absorption in both mice and rats was approximately 2-fold higher than that of CP, suggesting that the fluorine atom attached to C-8 plays an important role in facilitating oral absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

호흡기계 작용 약물의 치료군 중복처방 평가기준 개발

최경업(Kyung Eob Choi),손현순(Hyun Soon Sohn),김남효(Nam Hyo Kim),신현택(Hyun Taek Shin),이영숙(Young Sook Lee) 대한약학회 2012 약학회지 Vol.56 No.2

Purpose: To develop therapeutic duplication criteria for the drugs used for respiratory diseases. Method: Therapeutic duplication was defined as "more than 2 drug ingredient-usage in which each has the same therapeutic effect and combination therapy does not confer additional therapeutic benefit". Respiratory system drugs approved in Korea were examined for the study. The WHO’s Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System was used for grouping of the corresponding drug ingredients. The principles and recommendations on combination usage or multiple drug regimens were reviewed by using the clinical practice guidelines, textbooks, product labelings, and clinical articles. Clinical expert group consultation was performed and expert opinions were incorporated into the final criteria. Results: Nine hundred sixty two drug products with Korean Food and Drug Administration classification codes of 141, 149, 222, and 229 were evaluated, of which 87 active ingredients were composed. The drug ingredients were classified into 12 groups (antihistamines, oral nasal decongestants, leukotriene receptor antagonists, inhaled anticholinergics, inhaled corticosteroids, oral β2-agonists, long-acting β2-agonists, short-acting β2-agonists, xanthines, antiallergics, mucolytics and cough suppressants). The use of more than 2 drug ingredients including the same group was therapeutic duplication, and thus combination should be recommended not to be used. Conclusion: Twelve drug groups were identified as therapeutic duplication criteria. Combination therapy within each group should not be used otherwise therapeutic benefits outweigh potential risks.

흰쥐에서의 Fluoroquinolone계 항균제 농도와 광독성의 상관관계

최경업 ( Kyung Eob Choi ),정지은 ( Jee Eun Chung ),김명민 ( Myoung Min Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2002 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.10 No.4

중동호흡기증후군(MERS) 발생관련 전국 약학대학의 실무실습교육 대응현황

최경희,최경숙,이영숙,김재연,정경혜,오정미,최경업,나현오,김은경,Choi, Kyung Hee,Choi, Kyung Suk,Lee, Young Sook,Kim, Jaeyoun,Jeong, Kyeong Hye,Oh, Jung Mi,Choi, Kyung Eob,Ra, Hyeon Oh,Lee, Euni 한국임상약학회 2017 한국임상약학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Background: Pharmacy curriculum change was made from a 4-year program to a 2+4 year program in year 2009 in Korea. The change has resulted in more educational exposures on patient-centered practice environments for about 1,400 hours in the last year of the professional pharmacy program. When the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak hit Seoul and suburban areas and propagated to other provinces in Korea, emergency response to avoid student infection in the pharmacy practice sites became an urgent issue. While other health professional programs such as medicine and nursing had activated emergency preparedness manuals, timely and clear guidelines were not disseminated to all pharmacy programs and protective measures largely relied on individual pharmacy program. Methods: A survey was developed by the Committee on Pharmacy Practice Experience Programs in the Korean College of Clinical Pharmacy to document the status of pharmacy programs during the Korea MERS outbreak in 2015. The 10-question survey was distributed to the pharmacy practice experience coordinators to 34 out of 35 pharmacy schools in Korea by emails. Results: Our findings showed that 82.4% of the program coordinators (28/34) responded to the survey, 96.4% of the programs did not have emergency preparedness manuals, administrative meetings were held in 89.3% of the pharmacy programs, the rotation schedules were modified or withheld in 53.6% of schools, and the changes were mostly observed from the programs classified as MERS outbreak regions. Conclusion: Further needs in establishing the emergency preparedness manual should be explored for pharmacy education stakeholders.

3차병원에서의 TPN 사용의 적정성 점토

민경아,손기호,서옥경,최경업,Min, Kyoung A,Sohn, Ki Ho,Suh, Ok Kyung,Choi, Kyung Eob 한국임상약학회 1998 한국임상약학회지 Vol.8 No.1

A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the appropriateness of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 200 hospitalized adult patients in Samsung Medical Center from January 1st in 1995 to June 31st in 1997. Standard criteria were modified and determined from those stated by AJHP (American Journal of Health System Pharmacy) and ASPEN (American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition). The justification for indications was appropriate in $35\%,\;44\%,\;and\;32\%$ of the patient's in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively, without significant improvement over the last two and half years. Before and during the administration of TPN, several monitoring indicators were well documented, and monitoring frequencies were increased over two and half years period. However, the majority of the monitoring indicators were not found in the standard criteria range of $90\%$. The monitoring indicators for electrolyte balance, $PO_4$ and Mg, were not measured appropriately and resulted in the complications which could have been prevented. The indicator for lipid tolerance, triglyceride and the indicator for hemorrhagic incidence, prothrombin time (PT), were not well documented in comparison with other indicators. The indicators for the improvement in nutritional status, albumin and total protein, were appropriate in $90\%$ of the patients. Determination of TPN formula was based on the laboratory data and chart reviews, and it was appropriate in $98\%$. But the administration of lipid and vitamin K for the prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency and hemorrhage, respectively, was not carried out appropriately when the administration of TPN was prolonged, lasting more than 7 days. When a patient returned to oral or enteral feeding, TPN was terminated. However, increase in albumin level or weight was rarely observed. In conclusion, healthcare professionals should all work as a team and active participation to provide optimized nutrition support for partners.

역상 고속액체크로마토그라프법을 이용한 혈장 및 뇨중 로바스타틴의 정량

최혜진(Hye Jin Choi),김명민(Myoung Min Kim),최경업(Kyung Eob Choi) 大韓藥學會 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.5

Lovastatin (LOVA), a fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus, is a competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia, and has also been shown to suppress growth in a variety of non-glioma tumor cell lines. A sensitive reversed-phase high-perfonnance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet (UV) absorbance detection has been developed to quantitate LOVA in human plasma and urine samples using liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Baseline separation of LOVA and internal standard, simvastatin was achieved on a Novapak C18 analytical column with a mobile phase containing 0.025M NaH2PO4: CAN (35:65, v/v%), adjusted pH to 4.5. The flow rate was set at 1.5ml/min, and the column effluent was monitored by a UV detection at 238nm. The limit of quantification was determined to be 0.5mcg/ml while extraction efficiency of LOVA ranged from 73.4-82.9% at LOVA concentrations of 0.5 to 10mcg/ml. Good linearity with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999 was obtained in the range of LOVA concentrations from 0.5 to 10mcg/ml. The accuracy and the precision were proven excellent with relative standard deviation (RSD, %) and relative error (RE, %) of less than 4.2 and 4.0, respectively. Intraday precision, evaluated at five LOVA concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10mcg/ml) and expressed as RSD ranged from 0-1.82% while the interday precision at the same concentrations ranged from 0.7-10.5%. The analytical method described was then successfully employed for the determination of LOVA concentrations in plasma samples obtained during a phase II clinical trial using high doses of LOVA (30-40mg/kg/day). This method could be further utilized for the ongoing pharmacolkinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring of the high-dose LOVA therapy in adenocarcinoma patients.

정신신경용계 의약품의 치료군 중복처방 평가기준(안) 개발

손현순(Hyun Soon Sohn),최윤영(Yoon Young Choi),이영숙(Young Sook Lee),최경업(Kyung Eob Choi),신현택(Hyun Taek Shin) 대한약학회 2011 약학회지 Vol.55 No.3

Therapeutic duplication (TD) is frequently reported inappropriate drug use in healthcare settings in Korea. This study was aimed to develop TD criteria for psycho-nervous system drugs (KFDA classification 117 and 119). ATC classification was used to determine therapeutic and/or chemical similarities among the 93 ingredients reviewed. Clinical practice guidelines, textbooks and product labels were referenced for principles and evidences of possible drug combination usage. 16 groups that listed ingredients to be considered as TD were established and the criteria would be helpful to prevent TDs.

팔씨름에 의해 발생한 상완골 간부 및 내 상과 골절

윤여헌 ( Yeo Hun Yoon ),하종경 ( Jong Kyung Ha ),최경업 ( Kyung Eob Choi ),이관희 ( Kwan Hee Lee ),신상진 ( Sang Jin Shin ) 대한골절학회 2006 대한골절학회지 Vol.19 No.4

목적: 팔씨름 중 발생한 상완골 골절의 발생 기전 및 치료의 결과를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 팔씨름 중 유발된 상완골 골절 7예를 대상으로 하였으며, 이 중 상완골 간부 골절이 3예, 상완골 내 상과 골절 4예였다. 문진 및 방사선 사진을 이용하여 골절의 기전과 치료의 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 상완골 간부 골절은 상완골의 비틀림과 축성 압박력에 의해 유발되었다. 상완골 내 상과 골절은 굴곡근의 과도한 수축에 의한 견열 골절이었으며, 내상과의 골 성장이 끝나지 않은 어린 나이에서 유발되었다. 대상 중 6예에서 수술적 치료를 시행하였고, 전 예(7예)에서 합병증 없이 골유합을 얻었다. 결론: 팔씨름에 의해 유발된 상완골 골절은 발생 위치에 따라 연령과 기전의 차이가 있고, 그에 따른 치료를 시행할 경우 합병증 없이 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the mechanism of the humeral fractures induced by arm wrestling and the clinical results of its treatment. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 7 humeral fractures induced by arm wrestling; 3 humeral shaft fractures, 4 humeral medial epicondyle fractures. The mechanism of the fractures and the clinical results were assessed by history and radiographs. Results: Shaft fractures were produced by twist and axial compression force. Humeral medial epicondyle fractures were the avulsion fractures by excessive contraction of flexor muscles and developed in young age. We operated 6 of them and in all cases, we could obtain fracture healings without complication. Conclusion: The humeral fractures induced by arm wrestling have the differences in the ages and mechanisms as to the locations of the fractures and if the proper treatment is performed, the clinical results are satisfactory.

Stability of Glutamine-Suppiemented Total Parenteral Nutrition

조민희 ( Min Hee Cho ),김선미 ( Sun Mi Kim ),이은경 ( Eun Kyung Lee ),민명숙 ( Myung Sook Min ),인용원 ( Yong Won In ),손기호 ( Kie Ho Sohn ),최경업 ( Kyung Eob Choi ),최윤식 ( Yun Sik Choi ),( Jeong Meen Seo ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2004 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2004 No.-

서비스 개선을 위한 외래약국의 자동화 시스템

김정미,최경업 한국병원약사회 1997 병원약사회지 Vol.14 No.3

After the introduction of the health insurance system solely operated by the Korean Government in 1989, most patients tend to seek for the major medical center instead of a small clinic setting. Therefore, a waiting time for seeing the physician or receiving medication in major hospitals has been dramatically increasing. In an attempt to reduce the medication waiting time as much as possible, the automation system has been put into a practice in the outpatient pharmacy at Samsung Medical Center since November of 1994. The automation system consisted of one host computer, two medication envelop printing machines, three automatic tablet counters, seven barcode readers, and five drug stockers along with a set of conveyor belt line. Once the host computer receives a patient's information prescription, envelops, and labels are printed automatically with a specific patient's number. At the same time, abox with the patient's number passes along the conveyor belt stopping at each unit where already dispensed medication in the drug stocket is dropped into the box. After pharmacists check the box completely filled according to the prescription, the box moves to a final stop where the patient's number is scanned by a barcode reader and is finally displayed on the screen ready to be picked up. The system was able to turn the whole dispensing process into a continuous parallel scheme in which filling medication at each dispensing unit occurs simultaneously. Except for filling and inspecting medication, every part of the process has been automated. As a result, the medication waiting time was shortened with decreased filling time, and improved quality of patient care services such as counseling and easier access to statistical data were observed. However, the automation system did not lead to a significant reduction in the number of pharmacists working in the out patient pharmacy.