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최근 작업치료(OT)의 의료보험 삭감요인에 대한 대처방안 연구
조윤경,최병옥,김종대,Cho, Yun-Kyoung,Choi, Byung-Ok,Kim, Jong-Dae 대한물리치료과학회 2003 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Under the present occupational therapy 6 items of overall coverage objects of health insurance are being applied and among them, only 3 items including the simple therapy, complex therapy, and special therapy can be demanded in the hospital. The treatment for Activities of Daily Living(ADL), Oral Motor Exercise and Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) is exempted from an issue of reduction object, because it was covered 100% by the person himself. The reason why there are a lot of reduction factors is attributed mainly to vagueness of criteria and lack of exact understanding between therapists of insurance-applied hospitals. The reduction factors are characterized to confine them to only special treatment which demands the highest insurance cost claimed and to be applied without consideration of treatment times or days of hospital treatment. Moreover, the 56.38%, rate of reduction results from its uniform application based on willful convenience of health insurance not on embodiment of criteria or characteristics of various type of patients.
Ootimization of Mekium Components for Lactic Acid Production
조윤경,조규홍,홍승서,이현수,Cho, Yun-Kyung,Cho, Kyu-Hong,Hong, Seung-Suh,Lee, Hyun-Soo 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1995 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.23 No.1
Medium components for lactic acid production were optimized with a strain of Lactobacillus sp., isolated by our Lab. Nitrogen source was the key component and manganese ion was also important for lactic acid production in this strain. Optimal concentration of manganese ion was 0.03 g/l as MnSO$_{4}$ 4 - 5 H$_{2}$O base. Other mineral elements, however, had little effect on it. Among the nitrogen sources we examined, yeast extract showed the highest productivity. Yeast extract, the exellent but very expensive medium component, could be partially replaced by soytone until 60% dry base with higher productivity, or by tryptone enforced with vitamines and nucleic acids. In order to replace yeast extract completely, we examined several inexpensive nitrogen sources and their enzymatic hydrolyzates. The hydrolyzate of vital wheat gluten was the best of them.
삼론교학에 나타난 "방편(方便)"의 의미 -"방편(方便)"과 "권(權)"의 비교 고찰을 중심으로-
조윤경 ( Yoon Kyung Cho ) 한국불교선리연구원 2015 禪文化硏究 Vol.19 No.-
불교에서 ‘방편(方便)’은 본래 산스크리트 ‘upaya’를 번역한 개념으로, 대승불교의 핵심적 사상 가운데 하나이며 특히 삼론교학에서 방편은 삼론종 중심 교설인 이제와 이지(二智)를 관통하는 핵심 개념이다. 일반적으로 통용되어 쓰이는 ‘권(權)’과 ‘방편(方便)’을 삼론종에서는 구별하여 사용하고 있는데, 이는 길장과 혜균의 스승인 법랑(法朗)의 육종이지(六種二智)에서 분명히 드러난다. 삼론종에서 ‘권(權)’은 방편가운데 일시적으로 가립된 특수한 작용을 가리키므로 궁극적인 깨달음과는 거리가 있을 수밖에 없다. 하지만 ‘방편(方便)’은 단순히 ‘권(權)’의 도구적 의미에만 머무르지 않는다. 방편(方便)은 ‘반야의 교묘함(般若之巧)’으로서 깨달음을 성취한 불보살의 지혜가 교묘하게 드러나는 것이므로 ‘권(權)’의 의미를 포괄한다. 또한 방편(方便) 개념은 삼론종의 이치와 가르침[理敎], 어교이제(於敎二諦), 그리고 교화의 유익함까지도 모두 내포하고 있다. 이렇게 삼론종의 방편(方便)은 그 뜻이 매우 풍부할 뿐만 아니라 깨달음의 심층적인 차원에서 현현되는 작용을 나타내는 개념으로, 삼론종의 교학체계를 긴밀하게 연결시키는 역할을 한다. Fangbian(方便) in Buddhism, which originally translated from the Sanskrit word, ‘upaya’, has one of the essential meanings in Mahayana Buddhism. This key concept is especially important in the Sanlun School because it penetrates two main thoughts, the two truths and the two wisdoms. The Sanlun School differentiated between ‘quan(權)’ and ‘fangbian(方便)’ although the two notions are often used without distinction and Falang(法朗)``s three pairs of wisdoms(六種二智) show it well. Because in Sanlun School, the meaning of ‘quan(權)’ is confined to the temporary and expedient function of ‘fangbian(方便)’, the concept is obviously far from the ultimate enlightenment. However, the concept of ‘fangbian (方便)’ is more than just instrumental meanings of ‘quan(權).’ Fangbian(方便) embraces the meanings of quan(權), because fangbian(方便), the skill of Prajna, skillfully manifest the Buddha``s and the Bodhisattva``s wisdoms. Moreover, the concept of fangbian(方便) includes the thoughts of the ultimate reality and the teachings(理敎), the Yujiaoerdi(於敎二諦) and the fruitfulness of the teachings in the Sanlun School. In conclusion, fangbian(方便) occurring from in - depth enlightenment helps enhance coherence of the theoretical system of the Sanlun School with its various meanings.
활자적 강화와 명시적 지시가 영어 언어형태 학습 및 지문이해에 미치는 영향
조윤경(Cho, Yunkyoung) 언어과학회 2016 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.79
This study aimed to investigate whether the effects of textual enhancement and explicit instruction on grammar learning and reading comprehension would differ according to the learners’ level of prior knowledge of the target form. To this end, 143 Korean college students were assigned to one of three experimental groups that differed in the presence and absence of textual enhancement and explicit instruction in the passages provided. The statistical analyses showed that the effects of textual enhancement and explicit instruction on the learning of the target form differed in the learners’ prior knowledge of the form. On the other hand, the effects on the learners’ comprehension of the passages did not differ according to their level of prior knowledge of the target form. Theoretical and pedagogical implications will be discussed.