경남 남부지방에서 송아지설사병 원인체 바이러스 검출 조사

허정호 ( Jung Ho Heo ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),이국천 ( Kuk Cheon Lee ),박미남 ( Mi Nam Park ),조은정 ( Eun Jeong Cho ),최만수 ( Man Su Choi ),김충희 ( Chung Hui Kim ),강정부 ( Joung Boo Kang ),김의경 ( Eui Kyung Kim ),김종수 ( 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Among calves` diseases, digestive diseases most frequently occur in Korea, and especially viral diarrhea is one of the most important diseases. This study was conducted to get some basic information for the control of the viral diarrhea in calves. The samples were obtained from 319 calves with clinical diarrhea from 195 farms in Gyeongnam south area (Gosung, Tongyung, Hadong) from June 2005 to August 2006. Viral detection was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Etiological viruses were detected from 171(53.6%) of 319 calves, and bovine rotavirus (BRV) were 130 (40.8%) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 41 (12.9%), and no coronavirus was confirmed. Statistical difference was found in BRV detection between summer (32.6%) and winter (57.7%). However there was no seasonal difference in BVDV. In detection rate of the calves under 19days, BRV was highest (55.1%), but BVDV lowest (5.1%). No big difference was in rate among herd size. However, BRV was lowest (26.8%) in the group over 51 heads, but BVDV was highest (19.5%) in the same.

조각자(주엽) 나무의 생리활성물질 Gleditschia이 비육돈육의 이화학적 성상에 미치는 영향

서종립,허정호,정명호,조명희,이국천,김국헌,하대식,류재두,김충희,김곤섭,김의경,김종수,Seo, Jong-Lip,Heo, Jung-Ho,Jung, Myung-Ho,Cho, Myung-Heui,Lee, Kuk-Cheon,Kim, Kuk-Hun,Hah, Dae-Shik,Ryu, Jae-Doo,Kim, Chung-Hui,Kim, Gon-Sup,Kim, Eui-Gy 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.4

The effects of dietary Gleditschia on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n=40) were fed a diet containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 1% Gleditschia for 14 weeks and slaughtered at 110 kg average. The longissimus throracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 hr postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition, ultimate pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), color ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), drip loss and water-holding capacity. There was no significant difference of moisture and crude fat percent in between treatment and control group, and the color stability of pork loin better in all treat groups was more improved during cold storage. The change of pH was significantly increased (p<0.05) in 0.2, 0.4, 1% treatment groups compare to the control group. Water-holding capacity of pig loins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treat groups than in control group; 0.2% treat group was the highest in the water holding capacity followed by 0.4, 1, and 0.1% treat groups. Less drip loss of pig loin was observed with samples from Gleditschia-fed pigs except 1% treat group. Unsaturated fatty acid were tend to be decreased and saturated fatty acid were tend to be increased in Gleditschia-treated group. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was significantly higher than that of the Gleditschia-fed group (p<0.05).

경남 남부지방에서 사육 중인 송아지의 설사병에 관한 역학적 연구

허정호 ( Jung Ho Heo ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),이국천 ( Kuk Cheon Lee ),박미남 ( Mi Nam Park ),조은정 ( Eun Jeong Cho ),최만수 ( Man Su Choi ),김충희 ( Chung Hui Kim ),강정부 ( Joung Boo Kang ),김의경 ( Eui Kyung Kim ),김종수 ( 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

The present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological characteristics such as isolation rate and antimicrobial drug susceptibility of etiological agents. The specimens (stool or intestine) were collected from 319 calves with clinical diarrhea from 195 farms in Gyeongnam south area (Gosung, Tongyung, Hadong) from June 2005 to August 2006. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp was higher in summer (8.4%) than in winter (4.8%) and the average was 7.2% (23/319 head). Some of Salmonella spp isolated were resistant to penicillin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and cephalexin (>90%), but some of them were suscep-tible to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and amikacin(>30%). There was no statistical difference in the isolation rate of Eimeria spp between summer(48.9%) and winter(42.3%). For the evaluation of infection level of Eimeria spp oocyst per gram of feces(OPG) was examined, and severe, moderate and light infection level were 11.9%, 12.5% and 22.3%, respectively. In the isolation rates of Eimeria spp the calves under 19 days was lowerthan those over 60 days, but there was not different among herd size.

젖소 유방염 관리에 따른 세균 및 체세포수 등급 실태 조사 분속

허정호 ( Jeong Ho Heo ),정명호 ( Myung Ho Jung ),박영호 ( Yeong Ho Park ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),이주홍 ( Ju Hong Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 1999 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

1. The number of average milking cows, clinical forms of mastitis, mastitis-developing cows, and cows killed by mastitis a year were 25.7, 1.8(7%), 6.3(26%), and 2.7(10.1%)heads, respectively. The annual grade changes of standard plate counts(SPC) and somatic cell counts(SCC) showed the grade 1A of SPC diminished sharply from April to August, we think it was due to the lack of proper management in farming season and the grade 3 of SCC indirectly influenced increased in huge during August. 2. The average number of parturitions of farms was 2.3, but 50% of below 1 parturition were 22 farms(31%), 50% of above 3 parturitions were 16(23%) out of 71 farms. According to grades of the number of parturitions of milking cows per each farm, the farms` grades recording 3 parturitions and 50% were little bit excellent. 3. The actual situation research of foremilking CMT revealed 35 out of 74 farmers didn`t do CMT. Among them(35 out of 74 farmers), 80% did not test thanks to the troublesome process of the CMT. SCC grade 3, among farms who did foremilking CMT once or twice a month and who did not were 29% and 40% respectively and SPC grade 1A were 55% and 9%, respectively. 4. The research of actual situation on milking management let us know 29 farm s(39%) did not do lastmilking, 37 farms(49%) usually did overmilking, and 34 farms(46%) did milking for 4 or 5 minutes. Grades according to average requiring times of milking showed SCC grade 1 of farms milking within 7 minutes was 11% and SPC grade 1A was 34%, on the other side, farms milking more than 7 minutes were 0% in SCC grade 1 and 13% in SPC grade 1A. Grades according to the starting time of milking after rubbing teats showed SPC grade 1A of farms starting milking at about 1 minute and over 2 minutes were 50% and 20%, respectively. 5. The research of actual situation on hygienic milking management uncovered 65 farms(88%) were using one towel which was used in washing teats and udders to wash more than 3 to 4 cows, and 53 farms(72 %) were using one dried towel to dry udders not for each cow but for more than 3 to 4 cows after washing. Also, on milking turns disclosed 30 farms(40%) were milking cows in the order of incoming without isolation of a dominant group. According to grades of towels used in washing teats and udders, farms using a towel for each cow were 56% and a towel for over 3 cows were 31% in SPC grade 1A. According to using-or-not grades of dried towels after washing udders, farms using a towel for each cow were 79% and a towel for over 3 cows were 21% in SPC grade 1A. 6. Farms doing teat-dipping before milking were 7(10%), not doing teat-dipping after milking, or doing sometimes were 9(12%), and doing right after milking were 57(77%). And farms doing teat-dipping after dry cows and before delivery were 21(28%). Farms using bethadine as an antiseptic solution were 70(95%), 40 farms(59%) diluted it with water as weak as 5 to 10 times, and on drying cows 64 farms(87%) slowly did it more than 2 days. Grade 1A of SPC of farms doing teat-dipping at every milking was 38%, farms doing occasionally or not was 33%, and farms doing it right after milking was 37% and doing after milking more than 5 cows was 20%. Grade 1A of SPC among farms diluting bethadine 5 times and diluting 5 to 10 times with water were 36% and 33%, respectively, and Grade 3 of SCC were 35% and 32%, respectively. 7. Studies on nonlactating period medical treatment, as the cows were on dry, 54 farms treated with their own hands. 73 farms(98%) had bovine mastitis treated for themselves. And on applying medicines against mastitis, 55 farmers chose them on the basis of their own experience, 42 farms(57%) were treated more than 3 days. 41 farms(55%) dumped away the mastitis infected milk separately, 24 farms(32 %) were feeding and milking at the same time. 8. Fifty-six farms(76%) always washed and disinfected milking machines after milking. Farms using the milking machines at low, or variable vacuum pressures, or at the vacuum pressure, set at the moment of its installation were 31(42%), and farms that did not know pulsation ratio were 27(37%). Farms changing liners when they were torn 8(11%), 58 farms(78%) said they checked milking system when there were wrong with them, 31 farms(42%) changed milking hoses when they found out problems, and 42 farms(57%) cleaned vacuum and milking systems when they felt dirty. The SPC grade 1A of farms washing and sterilizing milking machines was 38% and farms only washing was 28%.

항구포자충제제의 사용 여부에 따른 구포자충 감염실태 조사

허정호 ( Jung Ho Heo ),정명호 ( Myung Ho Jung ),김국헌 ( Kuk Hun Kim ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),이국천 ( Kuk Cheon Lee ),서종립 ( Jong Lip Seo ),김충희 ( Chung Hui Kim ),하대식 ( Dae Sik Hah ),류재두 ( Jae Doo Ryu ),김곤섭 ( Gon 한국가축위생학회 2005 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria infection according to anti-coccidiosis drugs treatment in 1,300 slaughtered chickens from 130 farms in Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, Jeonbuk, Gyeongbuk and Chungnam during the period from October 2002 to August 2003. The prevalence of Eimeria infection by drug administration for treatment and prevention or non-administration was shown 71.4%, 82.6% and 72.3%, respectively, and so infection rate of chicken farms was similar independent on drug administration or not. The prevalence of Oocysts infection level of chicken farms by administrated drug for treatment was shown lower (25.3%) than for prevention (35.4%) and non-treatment (36.2%). The prevalence of Oocysts infection level by drug administration under 2 days for treatment was shown higher infection rate (32.2%) than over 3 days (20%) and also under 2 days for prevention has similar tendency of that of treatment and so, it was conclusion that administration of drug over 3 days has the effect for treatment and prevention of Eimeria infection. The prevalence of Oocysts infection level by age for prevention has various level from 48.8% to 22.9% but on 22~25 days was shown the most higher ratio (48.8%) and on 19∼21 days was shown the lowest rate (22.9%) among the all age groups.

경남 남부지방의 흑염소 사양관리 및 내부기생충 감염실태 조사

허정호 ( Jeong Ho Heo ),정명호 ( Myung Ho Jung ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),안동원 ( Dong Won Ahn ),이순선 ( Sun Seon Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 1999 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

Research results on actual management situation of 16 goat farms and internal parasite infection of 155 goats from January to November in 1997 in southern Kyoungnam area were as follows; 1. An average number of goats was 93. Among them, 81 % were farming the goat as avocation with the income rate less then 50%. Eight-four percent of farms terminated the parasites more than twice a year, and the survey showed the black goats had a high digestive and respiratory disease infection rate. 2. The internal parasite infection rate of the black goat was 96.8%, the goats were infected with 13 types of parasites. Of them, Emeria sp was 87.1%, Ostertagia sp 55.5%, Paraphista-num sp 45.8%, and Moniezia expansa 20%, respectively. 3. On the survey of multiple infection rate, both double and triple infection were 19.4%, more than septuple-infection 15,5%, single infection 13.4%, quintuple infection 12.3%, sextuple infection 9.0% and quadruple infection 7.7%, respectively. 4. Look over on seasonal infection rate, higher in fall and lower in winter. Especially, Paramishi-tom sp was higher in summer and winter, both Moniezia expansan and Bonaostom sp were higher in summer. 5. Research on the infection rate of parasites termination period revealed less-than-l-month period had 10-30 infection rate, the infection rate has increased sharply since 3 months passed after the goats were treated with parasite-cid.

경남지역 야생들쥐에서 Orientia tsutsugamushi에 대한 항체 조사 및 PCR에 의한 검색

하대식,김영훈,박정웅,박재갑,김충희,류재두,정명호,허정호,서종립,조명희,이국천,김곤섭,김의경,김종수,Hah, Dae-Sik,Kim, Young-Hoon,Park, Jung-Ung,Park, Jae-Kap,Kim, Chung-Hui,Ryu, Jae-Doo,Jong, Myung-Ho,Heo, Jung-Ho,Shu, Jong-Lip,Cho, Myung-Heui 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.2

As a part of epidemiologic investigation of tsutsugamushi disease, the wild rodents which were captured in Gyeongnam area were diagnosed with indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to find if they have an antibody against Orientia tsutsugamushi. The conclusion was drawn as followings. (1) The captured 58 wild rodents showed that the subspecies distribution of Apodemus agrarius was 86.2%, Microtus fortis was 8.6% and Crocidura lasiura was 5.2%. (2) The antibody positive rate of O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam, Karp, Karto and Boryong by IFA method was 32.0% in Apodemus agrarius among 50 wild rodents and 40.0% in Microtus fortis among 5 wild rodents, respectively. It was negative in the case of all the 3 Crocidura lasiura. (3) The antibody titers on Apodemus agrarius, Microtus fortis and Crocidura lasiura against Gilliam, Karp, Karto and Boryong were measured between 1:20 and 1:640. The antibody titer against each antigen was in the order Boryong>Gilliam>Karp. (4) O. tsutsugamushi was detected from the blood, spleen and kidney from the artificially infected mice by IFA and PCR. IFA showed the positive response between 3 and 18 days after inoculation. On the other hand, positive response was found from all the samples by PCR. (5) From PCR of the genomic DNA extracted from the blood, spleen and kidney samples of the captured wild rodents, Boryong-specific amplification product with size of 210 bp, which is particular in Boryong, was detected from spleen and kidney samples, but not detected in the blood. (6) Boryong-specific amplification product was detected from spleen and kidney samples which were obtained at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 days after the infection with Boryong. But, it wasn't detected from the uninfected samples. (7) From PCR of spleen and kidney samples of the captured wild rodents, it was found that positive rate of O. tsutsugamushi in Apodemus agrarius and Microtus fortis were 25.0% (4/16) and 20.0% (1/5), respectively. From the above results, it can be concluded that Apodemus agrarius resided in Gyeongnam area carried O. tsutsugamushi and PCR method might be a simple, precise, rapid and useful diagnostic tool than IFA for the diagnosis of O. tsutsugamushi.

T-2 toxin을 투여한 닭에서 Comet assay 방법을 이용한 DNA 손상 평가와 독성

하대식(Dae Sik Hah),허정호(Jung Ho Heo),이국천(Kuk Cheon Lee),조명희(Myung Heui Cho),김국헌(Kuk Hun Kim),김충희(Chung Hui Kim),류재두(Jae Du Lue),이승환(Seung Hwan Lee),김곤섭(Gon Sup Kim),김의경(Eui Gyung Kim),김종수(Jong Shu Kim) 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.2

This study was designed to evaluate the possible DNA damaging effects of T-2 toxin using an alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) comet assay and also to investigate toxic effects in chickens. A total of 20 chickens were used in these experiments. Graded concentrations of dietary T-2 toxin (0, 4, 8, and 16 ㎍/g of diet) were given to groups of 5 broiler chickens. In comet assay, The DNA damage was analysed by the tail extent moment (TEM) and tail length (TL), which were used as markers of DNA strand breaks in SCGE. A significant dose-dependent increase in the extent of DNA migration as well as in the percentage of cells with tails was observed after treatment with T-2 toxin (P<0.05). Treatment with the low T-2 toxin (4 μ/g of diet) induced a relatively low level of DNA damage in comparison with the high T-2 toxin (16 μ/g of diet) group. The growth rate was significantly reduced by concentrations of 8, and 16 μ/g of diet (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by any concentrations (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the spleen, and lung was decreased by the growth inhibitory concentrations. The bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and kidney were decreased in relative weight by concentrations of 16 μ/g of diet. The relative weight of the liver and heart were unaffected. The hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased at concentration of 16 μ/g of diet. As compared with control chickens, there was no marked change in serum components except uric acid in T-2 treated chickens. All lymphoid tissues retained atrophic and lymphoid cell depletion throughout the three weeks trial.

도계장 출하 닭에 대한 뉴캐슬병 항체가 조사

허정호 ( Jung Ho Heo ),이국천 ( Kuk Cheon Lee ),조명희 ( Myung Heui Cho ),김국헌 ( Kuk Hun Kim ),하대식 ( Dae Sik Hah ),김종수 ( Jong Shu Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2006 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

To investigate serum antibody titers of Newcastle disease(ND) virus, serum samples were collected from 19,774 slaughtered chickens from 862 farms in Geoje, Goseong, Tongyung and other province during the period from January 2001 to December 2005. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The negative percentage of ND antibody titer with below 1.0 levels decreased from 46.7% in 2001 to 40.5% in 2004 but those of it increased to 47.0% in 2005 and the positive percentage of ND antibody titer with higher 5 levels increased from 15.8% in 2001 to 26.2% in 2005. 2. The season levels of ND antibody titer showed various levels according to seasons but the general trend of ND antibody titer decreased in the later half of the year than those of the first half of the year. 3. The negative percentage of ND antibody titer on provinces decreased from 52.0%(2001) to 36.2%(2004) in Goseong but those of it increased to 51.4% in 2005. The negative percentage of ND antibody titer of Tongyung and other provinces increased from 51.0%, 28.5%(2001) to 55.0% and 44.3%(2005), respectively. 4. The year average levels of ND antibody titer increased from 2.2 to 2.6 during 2001-2004 but those of it decreased to 2.4 in 2005. The provinces average levels of ND antibody titer increased from 2.0 to 2.8 during 2001-2005 and others provinces except Gyeongnam decreased from 3.3 to 2.6 during the 2001-2005. 5. The farm average levels of ND antibody titer with below 1.0 levels decreased from 26.3% in 2001 to 10.2% in 2004 but those of it increased to 17.6% in 2005 and those of below 1.0 or 2.0 levels increased from 17.9%(2001) to 27.7%(2005). The protective levels of ND antibody titer with higher 5.0 levels increased from 2.1% in 2001 to 8.8% in 2005.