HPLC에 의한 계육의 설파메타진 잔류량 분석

하대식,김종수,김곤섭,Hah, Dae-sik,Kim, Jong-shu,Kim, Gon-sup 대한수의학회 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

This study was carried out to determine the sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney of chickens. For this experiment total 80 samples of livers and kidneys were collected at random 4 points(east area 2, west area 2) meat markets in Kyong-nam area 2 and were analysed by HPLC system. The results were as follows : 1. The average concentration of sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney were 0.056 ppm and 0.035 ppm, respectively, the sulfamethazine residues in chicken tissue was higher in liver than kidney. 2. The sulfamethazine residues of livers were exceed 0.1 ppm in three samples and no samples were exceed than 0.1 ppm in kidney. 3. No sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney were 14 and 25 samples respectively.

비 지질 산화손상에 대한 어성초 뿌리의 항산화 효과

하대식,김충희,김의경,강정부,김종수,Hah, Dae-Sik,Kim, Chung-Hui,Kim, Euikyung,Kang, Chung-boo,Kim, Jong-shu 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

Houttuynia cordata root on non-lipid oxidative damage. The antioxidative efects of methanolic (MeOH) extract of Houttuynia cordata rooton non-lipid, including liposome oxidation, oxidation of deoxyribose, protein oxidation, chelating, scavenging,and 2'-deoxyguanosine (2'dG) oxidation were investigated. Houttuynia cordata root exhibited highantioxidative effect in a liposome model system. The inhibitory effect of MeOH extract on deoxyribosedamage exhibited antioxidative effect and it afforded considerable protection against damage to deoxyribose.In addition, MeOH extract at over 300extracts exhibited metal binding ability for hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the oxidation of 2'dG to 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was inhibited by MeOH extracts, and scavenging activity for hydroxyl radicalexhibited a remarkable effect. The present results on biological model systems showed that MeOH extractswas effective in the protection of non-lipids against various oxidative model systems.

지질 과산화에 대한 전통약용 식물의 항산화 효과

하대식,김충희,김곤섭,김의경,김종수,Hah, Dae-sik,Kim, Chung-hui,Kim, Gon-sup,Kim, Eui-gyung,Kim, Jong-shu 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.3

To assess the antioxidative activity of 12 medicinal plants on lipid peroxidation, twelves traditional medicinal plants extracted with 95% methanol were investigated the antioxidative activity using DPPH, thiocyanate acid method, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. Out of 12 medicinal plants extracted with methanol, the extraction yields of Sedum kamtschaticum was the highest values (49.46%) among them and Geranicum sibiricum, Saururus chinensis root (R), Agrimonia pilosa leaf (L), Agrimonia pilosa root was the lowest value (9.97%). Radical scavenging effect of the selected traditional medicinal plants extracted from different extract solution were examined by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method. Antioxidative activity of methanolic extracts was higher than those of ethanol and n-hexane extracts. Scavenging effects in Sedum kamtaschaticum (R) determined by DPPH radical showed the highest among the 12 plants. The antioxidative effects of the first four medicinal plants were similar to those of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), but higher than that of tocopherol, which was used as a handled control. Antioxidative effects of each indicated concentration of the methanolic extracts on linoleic acid by thiocyanate method was the highest in Sedum kamtschaticum and followed by Geum japonicum and Agrimonia pilosa and their antioxidative effect were similar to those of BHA, and BHT, but higher than that of tocopherol. Antioxidative effects of the selected medicinal methanolic extract on linoleic acid by thiocyanate acid method were examined for 15 days. Peroxidation of control and tocopherol group occurred on days 5 and 9, respectively, but BHA, BHT, selected medicinal methanolic extract group did not occur until on day 15. Antioxidative effects of the selected medicinal methanolic extract on linoleic acid by TBA method were examined for 15 days. Antioxidative activity was similar to those obtained by thiocyanate acid method.

경남지역 야생들쥐에서 Orientia tsutsugamushi에 대한 항체 조사 및 PCR에 의한 검색

하대식,김영훈,박정웅,박재갑,김충희,류재두,정명호,허정호,서종립,조명희,이국천,김곤섭,김의경,김종수,Hah, Dae-Sik,Kim, Young-Hoon,Park, Jung-Ung,Park, Jae-Kap,Kim, Chung-Hui,Ryu, Jae-Doo,Jong, Myung-Ho,Heo, Jung-Ho,Shu, Jong-Lip,Cho, Myung-Heui 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.2

As a part of epidemiologic investigation of tsutsugamushi disease, the wild rodents which were captured in Gyeongnam area were diagnosed with indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to find if they have an antibody against Orientia tsutsugamushi. The conclusion was drawn as followings. (1) The captured 58 wild rodents showed that the subspecies distribution of Apodemus agrarius was 86.2%, Microtus fortis was 8.6% and Crocidura lasiura was 5.2%. (2) The antibody positive rate of O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam, Karp, Karto and Boryong by IFA method was 32.0% in Apodemus agrarius among 50 wild rodents and 40.0% in Microtus fortis among 5 wild rodents, respectively. It was negative in the case of all the 3 Crocidura lasiura. (3) The antibody titers on Apodemus agrarius, Microtus fortis and Crocidura lasiura against Gilliam, Karp, Karto and Boryong were measured between 1:20 and 1:640. The antibody titer against each antigen was in the order Boryong>Gilliam>Karp. (4) O. tsutsugamushi was detected from the blood, spleen and kidney from the artificially infected mice by IFA and PCR. IFA showed the positive response between 3 and 18 days after inoculation. On the other hand, positive response was found from all the samples by PCR. (5) From PCR of the genomic DNA extracted from the blood, spleen and kidney samples of the captured wild rodents, Boryong-specific amplification product with size of 210 bp, which is particular in Boryong, was detected from spleen and kidney samples, but not detected in the blood. (6) Boryong-specific amplification product was detected from spleen and kidney samples which were obtained at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 days after the infection with Boryong. But, it wasn't detected from the uninfected samples. (7) From PCR of spleen and kidney samples of the captured wild rodents, it was found that positive rate of O. tsutsugamushi in Apodemus agrarius and Microtus fortis were 25.0% (4/16) and 20.0% (1/5), respectively. From the above results, it can be concluded that Apodemus agrarius resided in Gyeongnam area carried O. tsutsugamushi and PCR method might be a simple, precise, rapid and useful diagnostic tool than IFA for the diagnosis of O. tsutsugamushi.

Aflatoxin에 노출된 닭에서 활성탄과 어성초의 독성완화 효과

하대식 ( Dae Sik Hah ),지대해 ( Dae Hae Ji ),조상래 ( Sang Rae Jo ),박애라 ( Ae Ra Park ),정은희 ( Eun Hee Jung ),박동엽 ( Dong Yeop Park ),이국천 ( Kuk Cheon Lee ),허정호 ( Jung Ho Heo ),김종수 ( Jong Shu Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2010 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

This study was conducted to evaluate the alleviative effects of activated charcoal (AC) and Houttuynia cordata (HC) singly or in combination in broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. Activated charcoal (1% or 0.5%) and H. cordata (1% or 0.5%) were mixed into the diets for the ability to reduced the deleterious effects of 2.4mg total aflatoxin (AFB1) kg-1 diet on growing broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. A total of 160 1-day-old (Hyline Variety Brown) broiler chicks were housed in eight treatment groups [Control, AFB1, AC 1%, HC 1%, AFB1 plus AC 1% plus HC 1%, AFB1 plus AC 1% plus HC 0.5%, AFB1 plus AC 0.5% plus HC 1%, AFB1 plus AC 0.5% plus HC 0.5%] each consisting of 20 chicks. Compared to control, 2.4mg AFB1 alone treatment group significantly decreased body weight gains of chickens. The addition of mixed AC 1% and HC 1% including 6, 7 groups to the 2.4mg AFB1-containing diet moderately reduced the adverse effects of AFB1 on performances of chickens. The chickens consuming 2.4mg AFB1 plus AC 0.5% and HC 0.5%-containing diet showed very slightly reduced the adverse effects on investigated parameters compared to the AFB1 only treated group. Also, the single addition of AC or HC to the AFB1-free diet had no adverse effects in chickens. These results suggest that AC and HC mixed can reduced the aflatoxicosis in broilers and may be contribute to a solution of the aflatoxicosis problem in poultry production.

T-2 toxin을 투여한 닭에서 Comet assay 방법을 이용한 DNA 손상 평가와 독성

하대식(Dae Sik Hah),허정호(Jung Ho Heo),이국천(Kuk Cheon Lee),조명희(Myung Heui Cho),김국헌(Kuk Hun Kim),김충희(Chung Hui Kim),류재두(Jae Du Lue),이승환(Seung Hwan Lee),김곤섭(Gon Sup Kim),김의경(Eui Gyung Kim),김종수(Jong Shu Kim) 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.2

This study was designed to evaluate the possible DNA damaging effects of T-2 toxin using an alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) comet assay and also to investigate toxic effects in chickens. A total of 20 chickens were used in these experiments. Graded concentrations of dietary T-2 toxin (0, 4, 8, and 16 ㎍/g of diet) were given to groups of 5 broiler chickens. In comet assay, The DNA damage was analysed by the tail extent moment (TEM) and tail length (TL), which were used as markers of DNA strand breaks in SCGE. A significant dose-dependent increase in the extent of DNA migration as well as in the percentage of cells with tails was observed after treatment with T-2 toxin (P<0.05). Treatment with the low T-2 toxin (4 μ/g of diet) induced a relatively low level of DNA damage in comparison with the high T-2 toxin (16 μ/g of diet) group. The growth rate was significantly reduced by concentrations of 8, and 16 μ/g of diet (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by any concentrations (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the spleen, and lung was decreased by the growth inhibitory concentrations. The bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and kidney were decreased in relative weight by concentrations of 16 μ/g of diet. The relative weight of the liver and heart were unaffected. The hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased at concentration of 16 μ/g of diet. As compared with control chickens, there was no marked change in serum components except uric acid in T-2 treated chickens. All lymphoid tissues retained atrophic and lymphoid cell depletion throughout the three weeks trial.

Xylazine의 진정효과와 α-adrenergic 수용체 봉쇄약물의 길항효과

김충희,하대식,김양미,김종수,Kim, Chung-hui,Hah, Dae-sik,Kim, Yang-mi,Kim, Jong-shu 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

The central nervous system depressant effect of xylazine and xylazine-ketamine was studied in chicken and mice. Intraperitoneal injection of xylazine(1~30 mg/kg) and xylazine(1~30 mg/kg)-ketamine(100 mg/kg) induced a loss of the righting reflex in chicken and mice, respectively. These effects of xylazine were dose-dependent. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The effect of xylazine-induced depression was antagonized by adrenergic antagonists having ${\alpha}_2$-blocking activity(yohimbine, tolazoline, piperoxan and phentolamine). 2. Yohimbine was most effective in the reduction of the CNS depression by xylazine. 3. Phenoxybenzamine and prazosin did not reduced CNS depression by xylazine in both species. 4. Labetalol (${\alpha}_1$, ${\beta}_1$-adrenergic antagonist) and propranolol(${\beta}$-adrenergic blocking agent) were not effective in reducing xylazine induced depression. 5. Cholinergic blocking agents (atropine and mecamylamine), a dopaminergic antagonist (Haloperidol), a histamine $H_1$-antagonist(chlorpheniramine), a histamine $H_2$-antagonist(cimetidine), a serotonergic-histamine $H_1$ antagonist(cyproheptadine) were not effective in reducing xylazine-induced depression. 6. Xylazine-induced depression is mediated by ${\alpha}_2$-adrenergic receptors and appears not to be involved in cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic or histaminergic pathways.

수입 축산식품에서의 잔류농약 동시분석법 개발에 관한 연구

김종수,김곤섭,하대식,Kim, Jong-shu,Kim, Gon-sup,Hah, Dae-sik 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

A simple and rapid method known as matrix solid phase dispersion(MSPD) for simultaneous determination of 11 pesticide(2,4,5,6-tetrachlor m-xylene, ${\alpha}$-BHC, ${\gamma}$-BHC, ${\delta}$-BHC, aldrin, chlorfulazuron, heptachloroepoxide, dieldrine, endrin, endosulfan sulfate, and tetradifon) in beef fat was estabilished. Beef fat(0.5g) was fortified by adding the 11 pesticides and dibutylchlorendate as internal standard, and blended with 2g bulk $C_{18}$ in pestle and motar. Pesticides were eluted from an extraction column composed of $C_{18}$/ fat matrix blend and 2g activated Florisil by addition of 8ml acetonitrile. Then $2{\mu}l$ portion of the acetonitrile elute was directly analyzed by gaschromatography with electron capture detection. Unfortified blank control were treated similarly. Recovery rate were ranged from $83{\pm}5.4%$ to $94.2{\pm}7.6%$, intra-assay variability and inter-assay variability were ranged from 2.3% to 7.4%(n=5 for each insecticides) and from $6{\pm}1%$ to $12{\pm}3%$(n=10 for each insecticides), respectively. These results indicated that the MSPD methodology is aceptable for the extraction, determination and screening of residues 11 chroniated pesticides in beef fat.

마우스에서 diazinon, toxaphene 과 endrin 단독 혹은 그 혼합물 독성의 대사

김종수,김곤섭,하대식,Kim, Jong-shu,Kim, Gon-sup,Hah, Dae-sik 대한수의학회 1998 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

The effects of mixtures of diazinon(DA;5mg/kg), toxaphene(TOX;40mg/kg) and/or endrin(END; 5mg/kg) on the hepatic mixed-function oxygenase(MFO) system were stuided in ICR mice(18~22g) by oral intubation daily for 7 days. In general, TOX and TOX-containing mixtures were found to induced the metabolism of aminopyrine(22~60%), aniline(42~85%), phenacetin(145~194%) and benzo [a]pyrene(158~210%), and pentobaribtal biotransformation in the 9,000g liver supernatants and to increased the hepatic cytochrome p-450 contents(47~89%). Results of these may be, at least in part, associated with the MFO system. TOX pretreatment increased the aliesterase activity in the serum and liver homogenates and supernatants by 23~145%. The toxicity of TOX and TOX-containing mixtures would be lower than that of diazinon because of TOX-induced increase in the metabolism of diazinon(DA) or diazioxon(DO) and capability of TOX to stimulate the metabolism of diazinon and diazioxon and provide a pool of non-critical enzymes. These results suggest that this information might be helpful in the evaluation of the potential hazard due to occupational and/or environmental exposures to pesticides and their mixtures.

시료고체상분산처리와 액체크로마토그라피를 이용한 소의 근육, 간 및 천엽에서의 벤지미다졸계 구충제 잔류분석

김충희,김곤섭,박정희,하대식,류재두,손성기,허정호,정명호,김종수,Kim, Chung-Hui,Kim, Gon-Sup,Park, Jung-Hee,Hah, Dae-Sik,Ryu, Jae-Doo,Son, Sung-Gi,Heo, Jung-Ho,Jung, Myung-Ho,Kim, Jong-Shu 대한수의학회 2002 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.42 No.2

Simultaneous multiresidue analysis using liquid chromatography determination for five benzimidazole anthelmintics(thiabendazole, oxibendazole, albendazole, mebendazole and fenbendazole) in bovine muscle, liver and omasum has been described. Blank or benzimidazole-fortified samples(0.5g) were blended with bulk $C_{18}$($40{\mu}m$, 18% load, endcapped, 2g). A column made from the resultant $C_{18}$/animal tissue matrix was first washed with hexane($8m{\ell}$), following which the benzimidazoles were eluted with acetonitrile($8m{\ell}$). Analytes of extracted sample were determined by liquid chromatography with UV detector at 290nm. Correlation coefficients of standard curves for individual benzimidazole isolated from fortified samples, using internal standardization, were linear($0.991{\pm}0.007$ to $0.996{\pm}0.005$) with average relative percentage recoveries from $62.1{\pm}3.8(%)$ to $92.3{\pm}7.5(%)$ for the concentration range($0.2{\sim}6.4{\mu}g/g$), respectively. Recoveries rates of TBZ, MBZ in liver, OBZ, MBZ in muscle and TBZ, MBZ in omasium from fortified benzimidazole were 92.%, 87.3%, 74.5%, 82.7%, 75.2% and 83.5% at condition II, respectively. Condition II showed higher recoveries rates than condition I. These results indicated that the matrix solid phase dispersion(MSPD) methodology is acceptable for the determination of 5 benzimidazole anthelmintics and may also suitable for other matrixes of food animal origin.