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태안과 강릉지역 여름철 PM<sub>10</sub>의 수용성 성분 특성
박승식,고재민,정창훈,Park, Seung-Shik,Ko, Jae-Min,Chung, Chang-Hoon 한국대기환경학회 2011 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.27 No.3
[ $PM_{10}$ ]measurements were made at two coastal sites, i.e., Taean and Gangneung, for summer to examine the characterization of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and inorganic ionic species, and to investigate their difference between the sites. The fractions of three major inorganic water-soluble components ($NO_3^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$, and $NH_4^+$) at Taean and Gangneung sites were 30.6% (16.2~62.0%) and 25.6% (13.0~52.5%) of the $PM_{10}$, respectively. $SO_4^{2-}$ is the most dominant species of water-soluble ions at both sites, accounting for up to 20.5% (9.1~44.9%) and 16.3% (5.5~34.2%) of their respective PM10 mass concentrations. Using the paired T-test, $PM_{10}$ (p<0.01), $NO_3^-$ (p<0.05), $SO_4^{2-}$ (p<0.01), $NH_4^+$ (p<0.001), and WSOC (p<0.05) concentrations exhibited strong fluctuations on a daily basis between Taean and Gangneung sites. Relationship between the concentrations of $SO_x$ ($SO_4^{2-}+SO_2$) and CO indicates that the slopes of $SO_x$ /CO were 0.007 and 0.019 in the Taean and Gangneung sites, respectively. The smaller $SO_x$/CO slope in the Taean site could be related to the aged air with wet scavenging of $SO_x$ during transport. The correlation between the concentrations of CO and WSOC suggests that WSOC observed in the Gangneung ($R^2$=0.82) be transported from combustion-related sources, while the WSOC at the Taean site could be formed through atmospheric processing of primary volatile organic species during transport.
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김정만,선두훈,정창훈 ( Jung Man Kim,Doo Hoon Sun,Chang Hoon Chung ) 대한슬관절학회 1993 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.5 No.1
In the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint total joint replacement is the last resort when any other methods including conservative treatment or high tibial osteotomy are unsuccessful. However the total knee arthroplasty may cause decrease of range of motion or may results in undesirable complications. This is a fetrospective study concerning success rate of the operation in terms of range of motion and deve- lopment of complications which are most important factors of a feeling of satisfaction of the patients. The postoperative range of motion was expected to be different ac- cording to the postoperative rehabilitation methods such as use of CPM or alternate flexion and extension splint. We compared final range of motion between the groups of two methods. The results were as follows; 1. In the alternate splint group the range of motion beyond 130 degrees, which is the minimum range for comfortable tailors position, were achieved in 113 knees (62.8 %), which is better than CPM group in which only 5 out of 33 knees achieved such a range of motion. 2. Many Complications developed in 32 knees (15.0 %). The rnost common com- plication was subluxation of the patella which occurred in 8 knees (3.8 %) of 5 patients. Other complications were deep seated infection in 7 knees (3.3 %), aseptic loosening m 4 knees (1,9 %), delamination of the palyethylene of tibial components in 2 knees, rupture of patellar tendon in 1 knee, patellar fracture in another 1 knee, carbon in- duced synovitis in 2 knees, postoperative hepatitis in 2 patients, pain of unknown causes in 2 knees and mental depression in 3 patients. 3. All complications were successfully managed except in case of waiting for operation and the patients who refused reoperation.
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養豚에 있어서 濃厚飼料와 고구마 엔시레지와의 代替關係에 關한 硏究
鄭昌勳,李正漢 진주농과대학 1966 진주농과대학 연구논문집 Vol.- No.5
The purpose of this experiment is to examine the substitution rates between mixed concentrate and sweet potatoe's ensilage in pork production in Korea. The study was carried out cooperatively by the Livestock Experiment Station, Sachon Branch Station, ORD and Chinju Agricultural College to derive production function, iso-product contours, and then to determine the least cost ration in fattening hogs to the optimum marketing weight, 90 kgs. Such purposes arose from followings : Main feeds in pork production are farm by-products, rice and barley brans in Korea. The growth of pork production is depending mainly on that of grains, so that the pork production is not elastic. Hence, to correspond to the foreign and domestic demand of pork, and to enlarge the size of farm business by introducing to farms animal enterprises, alternative sources of feed should be discovered. Ⅰ The experiment included 4 treatments which were consisted of zero per cent, 20 per cent, 40 per cent and 60 per cent sweet potatoe's ensilage ration with 10 replications each, and offered the hogs a sample that had gone by 2 weeks after weaning, produced in fall, 1963. Therefore the experiment was conducted during 26 weeks from January 7 to July 7, 1964. The composition of rations are shown in Table 1. Sweet potatoe's ensilage was made of 60 per cent tuberous, 30 per cent leaves and stem, and 10 per cent barley bran in order to control the moisture. Per cents of ensilage in Table 1 are of concentrate equivalent moisture: that is, 365kgs of ensilage equal 100kgs concentrate equivalent. Ⅱ The production surface functions applied the mixed concentrate (χ1) and sweet potatoe's ensilage (χ2) are derived the same as equations 1 and 2, Cobb-Douglas and quadratic function, respectively from table 2, table 5 show the total added gain and marginal productivities per kg of each ration. The iso-product contours and the marginal rates of substitution of ensillage for concentrate used for prediction are indicated for the same as equations 10 and 12, figure 1 show isoquants, figure 2 isoclines or iso-price ratios or expansion paths. With the price ratio, k=0.25, a possible least cost rations are; zero per cent ensilage in fattening from 12, 2 kgs to 50, 38 percent ensilge from 50kg to 70 and 68.5 per cent ensilage from 70 kgs to 90, as shown in the figure 3. From a practical view point, we may recommend to farmer the following as a least cost rations: zero per cent ensilage ration in raising hog to 50 kgs, 38 percent ration in interval from 50 to 70 kgs, and 68.5 percent ration in interval from 70 to 90 kgs. Ⅲ We had no plots where ensilage was more applied 60 per cent ensilage ration in the experiment, the composition in mixed concentrate was not homogeneus, and 10 percent of barley bran, which is called a concentrarate was already composed in ensilage. These facts might mislead our conclutions; but the quanties which sweet potatoe's ensilage can substitute for mixed concentrate depend only on the price ratio of the ensilage to the concentrate. When the price ratio equals 0.25, though 68.5 cer cent of ratio can be substituted by the ensilage for the concentrate, the per cent of ensilage ratio so that the feed cost is able to be possibly least are only 32.6 per cent, according to the recommending rations above as shown in table 7, which shows, too, that this ration is the least in feed cost among the possible three rations.
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장한,김윤수,정창훈,이재문 대한척추외과학회 1994 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.1 No.1
The atlantoaxial joint, provided with a relatively wide range of motion, is secured and supported chiefly by soft tissue such as ligaments and articular capsule with lit- tle bony support. Thus, relaxation or rupture of the soft tissue structures due to rheumatoid inflammation or trauma may easily cause instability or subluxation, resulting in compression of the spina cord and various degree of neurologic symp- toms. Although the degree of atlantoaxial instability can be assessed conveniently by flex- ion/extension lateral radiogram, it is difficult to recognize the cause of instability and quantify the cord compression during flexion/extension motion. This study has been carried out to prospectively diagnostic tool of atlantoaxial instability. We reviewed 17 patients with atlantoaxial instability who were taken MRI examina- tion and treated at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College between June,1991 and December,1993 and the following results were obtained: 1.Seventeen patients consisted of 5 men and 12 women aged 21 to 68 years(mean, 43 years) 2.Of 17 patients, 11 were rheumatoid arthritis; 4,trauma; one Os odontoideum; one dens nonunion. 3.The 11 patients with atlantoaxial instability of rheumatoid etiology could be clas- sified into three groups according to the cause of the instability and cord compres- sion as revealed by flexion/extension axial MRI: The first group (n=6) characterized by compression of the cord in flexion with relief in extension, was caused by lax transverse ligaments. In the second group (n=2), despite the instability from erosion of the dens, there was no direct cord compression because the transverse ligaments were intact. The third group (n=3) showed retrodental granulation tissue in addition to erosions in the dens and/ or ligaments laxity with resultant cord compression. 4.In the traumatic group, there were four patients with instability from lax or rup- tured transeverse ligaments and one case with cord compression due to instability accompanied by nonunion of the dens. 5.In the great majority of the patients, the degree of cord compression was propor- tional to atlantodental interval(ADI) both on flexion/extension lateral radiogram and MRI despite of the widening of ADI on radiogram. On the other hand, in group Ⅲ Rheumatoid arthritis, a marked cord compression was noted due to retrodental gran- ulation tissues in the absence of significant ADI change. In conclusion, flexon/extension sagittal and axial MRI was useful tor a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of atlantoaxial instability by noting the degree and cause of instability and cord compression on cervical motion.
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