과초산(過酢酸)에 의한 독일가문비나무의 탈리그린화의 적정조건

김윤수 한국목재공학회 1984 목재공학 Vol.12 No.5

The delignification with peracetic acid in spruce wood (Picea abies Karst)were investigated on the variation of reaction time, temperature and the concentration of peracetic acid (PA). Holocellulose, acid-insoluble lignin in the holocellulose (=residual lignin), the content of alpha-cellulose and polyose fractions A and B were determined. The higher the reaction temperature and the concentration of PA and the longer the reaction time, the more the delignification with PA were accelerated, whileas the treatment at temperature lower than 54℃ resulted in a poor delignification. The content in alpha-cellulose and residual lignin depended on the degree of delignification. The yield of polyoses was, however, mostly unrelated to the conditions of delignification. The losses of mannan and xylan reached 30-40℃ during the reaction. Considering the content of residual lignin and polysaccharide, the following reaction condition may he suitable for the delginification test in laboratory, 5% of PA, 90℃ for 1 hr or 10%, 70℃ 2 hrs.

기계를 다루는 여성들, 여성 운전사 ― 1950年代 영화 《女司機》와 《馬蘭花開》를 中心으로

김윤수 중국어문논역학회 2020 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.46

사회주의 시스템이 형성되어가던 1950년대를 배경으로 하는 《女司機(1951)》의 주인공 孫桂蘭은 기차, 《馬蘭花開(1956)》의 주인공 馬蘭은 불도저 운전사가 되어 사회주의 건설에 참여하겠다는 꿈을 갖고, 고된 훈련 끝에 남성 노동자들과 어깨를 나란히 하는 존재가 되어간다. 훈련소 안의 기계들은 여성에게 새로운 신분과 역량을 부여함으로써 여성 노동자는 자본주의와 가부장주의에 희생된 나약하고 수동적인 존재에서 공적 정체성을 지닌 강인한 영웅으로 변모하게 된다. 이 두 편의 영화는 가장 낙후되고 억압받는 존재였던 여성의 변모를 ‘운전하는 여성 형상’으로 이미지화함으로써 중국 사회주의 사회의 진보와 발전을 입증하고자 하였고, 이는 사회주의 여성형상이 제기되는 방식을 보여주고 있다는 점에서도 매우 흥미롭다. 가장 억압받았던 여성을 국가의 일원으로 호출하는 것은 중국 사회주의 정부의 정당성을 구축하는데 매우 중요한 요소였고, 가장 남성적인 영역이라고 할 수 있는 기차와 불도저 운전사로 활약하는 여성 형상은 중국 사회주의의 진보 및 발전방향을 선전하는데 매우 효과적이었다. 그러나 이 두 영화 속에서 여성 주인공은 표면적으로 남성과 동등한 존재로 인정받을 뿐, ‘국가’라는 또 다른 가부장적 권력에 의해 도구화되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 《女司機》의 경우, 기차 훈련소는 가부장적 권력이 작동하는 장으로, 여성, 기계, 남성이라는 삼각관계 속에서 권력을 가진 남성과 여성 간에 미묘한 힘겨루기가 벌어지지만 여성 간의 다툼으로 갈등이 전이되면서 자연스럽게 남녀 간의 갈등이 협상되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 그리고 기차 운전사를 소망하는 孫桂蘭의 꿈이 남성 권력에 의해 실현되고, 孫桂蘭에게 부여된 여성 노동자로서의 자질이 육체적 강인함, 감정의 절제 및 기계적인 모습으로 재현되는 것에서, 남성 위주의 사회구조가 작동하는 방식을 확인할 수 있다. 《馬蘭花開》의 주인공 馬蘭은 훈련소에서 불도저 운전사로 훈련을 받는 동시에, 남성 노동자들을 보살피는 역할도 함께 수행함으로써 가정과 노동을 병행할 수 있다는 것을 증명해 보였고 이에 노동자로서 인정받을 수 있게 된다. 또한 이 작품에서 드러나고 있는 ‘원초적 자연’과 ‘기계’ 그리고 ‘여성’ 간의 상호성 역시 주목할 만하다. 여성들이 이야기를 나누거나 빨래할 때 등장하는 시냇가, 馬蘭이 불도저 조종 연습을 할 때 배경이 되는 척박한 땅과 산 등은 여성과 자연의 긴밀함을 보여준다. 영화 속에서 자연이 배경으로서의 역할을 하듯 여성 주인공 馬蘭 역시 여성성을 통해 남성 중심적인 훈련소의 남성성을 보완하는 도구적 역할을 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. Both Sun-Guiran who is the main character of a film A Female Driver, and Ma-lan who is the main character of a film Malan Flower Blooms, become a train driver and a bulldozer driver respectively after going through hard training as a being taking rank with male workers, with the dream to participate in the construction of socialism. Lots of machines in the training center give them a new status and competencies. Just as the look of female workers treated as cheap labor symbolizes weak China, the women handling huge machines means strong China. By representing the changed look of women who used to be severely behind and suppressed in the past into an ‘image of women who drive and control machines’, they aim to prove the progress and development of socialist society of China, which is led to the vision of New China. Like this, even though the looks of women shown in those films symbolize strong China, in the process in which Sun-Guiran becomes a train driver after going through difficulties, the qualifications of female workers are represented as physical toughness and assimilation into machine. Just as the nature works as the background in the films, the heroine Ma-lan also plays an instrumental role complementing the masculinity of men-centered training center through the femininity. The process in which women skillfully handle machines that are regarded as the preserve of men, shows a complex image combined with women’s liberation, construction of socialism, and industrialization, and within the narrative, the design of New China is revealed, which is very interesting.

환경적 footprint 분석을 통한 토양경작법과 화학적산화법의 비교

김윤수,임형석,박재우,Kim, Yun-Soo,Lim, Hyung-Suk,Park, Jae-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.3

In this study, land farming and chemical oxidation of a diesel-contaminated site is compared to evaluate the environmental impact during soil remediation using the Spreadsheet for Environmental Footprint Analysis by U.S. EPA. Each remediation process is divided into four phases, consisting of soil excavation, backfill and transportation (Phase 0), construction of remediation facility (Phase 1), remediation operation (Phase 2), and restoration of site and waste disposal (Phase 3). Environmental footprints, such as material use, energy consumption, air emission, water use and waste generation, are analyzed to find the way to minimize the environmental impact. In material use and waste generation, land farming has more environmental effect than chemical oxidation due to the concrete and backfill material used to construct land farming facility in Phase 1. Also, in energy use, land farming use about six times more energy than chemical oxidation because of cement production and fuel use of heavy machinery, such as backhoe and truck. However, carbon dioxide, commonly considered as important factor of environmental impact due to global warming effect, is emitted more in chemical oxidation because of hydrogen peroxide production. Water use of chemical oxidation is also 2.1 times higher than land farming.

한국어 교재에 나타난 조사 교육의 체계성 고찰 : 부사격 조사 ‘에서’를 중심으로

김윤수,왕팡,김경열 개신어문학회 2013 개신어문학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

A Novel Technique for Umbilical Reconstruction Using Four Transposition Flaps

김윤수,이형석,박진형,박언주 대한미용성형외과학회 2016 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.22 No.2

The umbilicus is of paramount aesthetic importance for the abdomen, and its absence can be psychologically distressing to patients for cosmetic reasons. An aesthetically-pleasing umbilicus tends to be small and vertically oriented in nature, with superior hooding and shadow, inferior retraction and slope, and a position at the topmost level of the iliac crest. A 42-year-old woman had undergone delayed breast reconstruction using a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Unfortunately, the patient developed umbilical necrosis following surgery. She underwent complete surgical debridement, which resulted in a large vertical scar. Delayed umbilical reconstruction was performed with four transposition flaps. The patient underwent follow-up at 11 months postoperatively, and the umbilicus had a satisfactory appearance. This case shows that using four transposition flaps can yield sufficient depth and an aesthetically pleasing shape for the umbilicus.

수정토에 의한 장폐쇄 진단 시 초음파검사의 유용성

김윤수,정현준,최서열,홍경식,서주희,김정례,박윤준,이건송 대한소아응급의학회 2023 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Water beads are dangerous foreign bodies causing intestinal obstruction in young children because the beads absorb water and are radiolucent. Although the features lead to progressive intestinal obstruction, it is difficult to diagnose ingestion of the beads by imaging studies. For the diagnosis, ultrasonography is safe, fast, and accurate. The imaging modality can show intestinal water beads as spherical, anechoic, smoothly demarcated cysts. This characteristic finding may be more useful in rapid and accurate diagnosis than computed tomography scan. We report a case of an 8-month-old boy who obtained a timely sonographic diagnosis of water bead-induced small bowel obstruction in the emergency department.

한국 사회복지제도에서 사회서비스의 등장: 역사적 제도주의 분석을 중심으로

김윤수 한국정책학회 2011 한국정책학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

Cycloheximide가 취장 소화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

김윤수,김명원,류용운,Kim, Yoon-Soo,Kim, Myung-Won,Ryu, Yong-Wun 생화학분자생물학회 1974 한국생화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

쥐에서 취장소화효소 활성은 식이조성에 대단히 예민하게 반응한다. 즉 정상 18% casein 식이 대신 5% casein 식이로 대체시 또는 5% casein 식이로 2-3주 동안 기른 쥐를 정상 18% casein 식이로 대체시 취장소화효소에 미치는 영향은 대단히 민감하게 반응하여 그 효소활성이 떨어지거나 다시 회복하였다. 또한 정상식이로 기른 쥐에게 단백질합성 억제 물질인 cycloheximide($1\;{\mu}g/gm$/체중 gm)를 1회 복강내 투여로 취장소화효소 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen 및 amylase는 그 활성이 심하게 저하되나 lipase는 전혀 영향을 받지 않았다. 5% casein 식이에 의하여 저하된 취장효소는 정상식이로 대체시 그 효소활성 회복이 빠르다. 그러나 정상식이로 대체전에 cycloheximide($1\;{\mu}g/gm$/체중 gm)를 복강내 투여후 정상식이로 대체하면 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen 및 amylase는 그 회복이 전혀 되지 않거나 정상식이로 대체전보다 더 떨어졌다. lipase는 cycloheximide처치에 관계 없이 같은 시간내에 정상치로 회복하였다. 이와 같은 실험 결과는 이들 취장효소는 동일쥐의 취장세포에 존재하는 효소들이지만 cycloheximide에 의한 효소활성이 달리 반응하는 결과로 미루어 적어도 lipase 만은 그 생합성 과정이 다른 소화효소와 다름을 시사한다. These experiments were designed to assess the dietary-induced depletion and repletion of pancreatic enzymes mediating the adaptation of rat pancreas to the substitution of 5% casein diet for a normal diet of 18% casein and the substitution of 18% casein normal diet for a 5% casein diet which causes the pancreatic enzymes of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase to decrease remarkably during the 2~4 weeks feeding period. Pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase of the rat's (feeding) normal diet were severely depressed by one dose of intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide ($1\;{\mu}g/gm$ of body weight) which is believed to be a specific inhibition of peptide bond formation. However, lipase was not affected at all by this treatment. The pancreatic enzymes of the rat fed with 5% casein diet for 4 weeks were depressed but when the 5% casein diet was substituted to a 18% casein diet the repletion of pancreatic enzymes was remakable. However, the repletion of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase was prevented or even more depressed when $1\;{\mu}g/gm$ of body weight of cycloheximide was injected intraperitoneally, daily during the period of 18% normal casein diet feeding. The only exception was lipase which recovered to normal enzyme level in the same as noncyclohe ximide treated rats. These results indicate that the enzymatic repletion and depletion of the pancreatic enzymes in the diet are not similar to each other and are entirely different in the case of lipase, even though these pancreatic enzymes are found in identical tissues of the rat.

Foreign Ownership of Banks and Its Effect on Bank Performance: The Case of Korea

김윤수 한국학술연구원 2005 Korea Observer Vol.36 No.2

This study investigates the impact of foreign-controlled banks on the profitability and efficiency of domestic banks in Korea, as well as the effect of the level of foreign ownership on local bank performance. Increased market penetration by foreign-controlled banks reduces the net interest margin and profitabil-ity of domestic banks while increasing their opera-tional efficiency through reduced overhead cost. In addition local banks with greater foreign ownership were found to be less profitable than those with smaller foreign ownership.

《남명집(南冥集)》책판(冊板) 계통고

김윤수 영남중국어문학회 1992 중국어문학 Vol.20 No.1

南冥曺植與退溪李滉, 於朝鮮中葉爲雙壁之巨儒, 《南冥集》其所撰也. 其書爲其門人鄭仁弘之故, 屢爲改板, 其冊板之造成都有十四次. 朝鮮王宣朝甲辰始有初板, 不幸卽入於回祿之手. 故復有重刊乃丙午板也. 光海主己酉年, 有考校而改正之補遺而追刊之擧日己酉板也. 光海壬戌復有改校而追錄之事卽所謂壬戌板也. 仁祖王反光海主悖惡之政而正之乃奪其位而君之. 其時鄭仁弘爲其所斬, 擧世皆惡之. 《南冥集》爲其所編之故, 多少儒生甚嫌之. 仁祖之子孝奈王壬辰卽以其冊板毁破之. 儒生之長爲其無禮盡復其元, 乃壬辰板也. 孝宗之子顯宗庚戌, 下命道臣, 於《南冥集》中鄭仁弘所撰入之文字悉抽以破之, 補成新板, 其日庚戌板也. 顯宗之子肅宗王時整合南冥所撰之文集及學記爲一編, 又別纂師友錄爲別集, 彙而稱之日南冥先生合集, 乃肅宗板也. 肅宗之子英祖王甲申改纂別集謂之甲申板. 英祖之孫正祖王丙辰王果尊賢地誠, 賜祭於南冥家, 其家奉而悅之, 新刻補板而錄之, 日丙辰板也. 正祖之子純祖王時以丙辰板所收賜祭文不言誰作, 故進廟號後, 更記正宗大王親製賜祭文而刻之, 乃純祖板也. 朝鮮末葉之主高宗王甲午南冥之後孫以崇祖之誠, 斥其舊拙之板, 全其新編之板, 日甲午板也. 其三年後丁酉續刊南冥先生編年, 此謂丁酉板, 所謂南冥先生全集者此也. 高宗王卽皇帝位建元稱之日光武. 光武乙巳嫌甲午丁酉板之革新面貌者慫慂本孫又盡改其板, 日乙巳板. 日帝强占韓國未光復前辛未抽其南冥文集中神明舍圖少有改作入諸梓, 此謂辛未板, 乃《南冥集》之最後所造成之冊板也. 以此《南冥集》之冊板造成史觀之, 可以知封建時代之出版印刷乃忠君尊賢崇祖之所産也. 硏究思想硏究學問時當先究其所據之文獻變遷史, 然後足得其眞詮, 此《南冥集》所以考其冊板系統也.