조(Setaria italica Beauv.)의 품종별 파종시기에 따른 이화학 특성과 항산화 활성

정건호,김성국,이재은,우관식,Jung, Gun Ho,Kim, Sung Kook,Lee, Jae Eun,Woo, Koan Sik 한국식품영양학회 2018 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

The physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of several varieties of foxtail millet were evaluated across different seeding periods. Results indicated the moisture, crude ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate levels of the foxtail millet differed significantly according to the variety and seeding periods. The crude protein contents were highest when harvested during the early-season seeding periods; However, carbohydrate contents were highest when harvested during the late-season seeding periods. The lightness and yellowness of the Hwanggeumjo variety increased significantly as the seeding periods were delayed though the color of the Samdame variety decreased. The swelling power of foxtail millet increased as the seeding periods were delayed. Total polyphenol contents of the Hwanggeumjo and Samdame varieties were 298.68~315.13 and 288.84~297.73 mg GAE/100 g, and flavonoid contents were 181.32~172.92 and 172.49~183.86 mg CE/100 g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was 104.70~126.89 and 111.75~136.92 mg TE/100 g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 88.69~114.64 and 69.80~100.09 mg TE/100 g, respectively. Total polyphenol contents and the radical scavenging activity of Hwanggeumjo were highest when harvested during the seeding periods of the early-season, and Samdame was highest when harvested during the seeding periods of the late-season.

지속가능한 한국형 농촌관광의 개발에 관한 연구

정건호(Jung Gun-Ho),변효근(Byun Hyo-Geun),김기홍(Kim Ki-Hong) 한국관광레저학회 2004 관광레저연구 Vol.16 No.1

파종시기에 따른 수수 품종별 이화학적 특성

정건호(Gun Ho Jung),김성국(Sung Kook Kim),이재은(Jae Eun Lee),우관식(Koan Sik Woo) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.4

고품질, 고기능성 수수 생산을 위한 파종시기를 산출하고자 품종 및 파종시기별 이화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 수수의 수분, 조회분, 조지방, 조단백질 및 탄수화물 함량은 품종 및 파종시기에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 명도와 황색도는 파종시기가 늦어질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 적색도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 수분결합력은 파종시기가 늦어질수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 팽윤력은 파종시기가 늦어질수록 황금찰수수는 감소하고, 동안메수수는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 품종 및 파종시기별 황금찰수수와 동안메수수의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 22.16~32.93 및 20.93~38.25 ㎎ GAE/g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 12.27~18.78 및 11.50~21.64 ㎎ CE/g으로 파종시기가 늦어질수록 함량은 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 품종 및 파종시기별 황금찰수수와 동안메수수의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 각각 13.70~26.96 및 14.35~35.17 ㎎ TE/g, ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 각각 17.15~33.58 및 14.37~41.72 ㎎ TE/g으로 파종시기가 늦어질수록 함량은 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과 수수의 품종과 재배지역을 고려하여 적정 파종시기를 설정할 필요가 있을 것으로 보인다. The physicochemical characteristics of sorghum according to variety and seeding period were evaluated. The moisture, crude ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents of sorghum were significantly different according to variety and seeding period. Lightness and yellowness of sorghum increased significantly as seeding period was delayed, whereas redness decreased. Water binding capacity of sorghum increased as seeding period was delayed. Swelling power of Hwanggeumchal was decreased as seeding period was delayed, whereas Donganme increased. Total polyphenol contents of Hwanggeumchal and Donganme were 22.16∼32.93 and 20.93∼38.25 ㎎ gallic acid equivalents/g, and flavonoid contents were 12.27∼18.78 and 11.50∼21.64 ㎎ catechin equivalents/g, respectively. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was 13.70∼26.96 and 14.35∼35.17 ㎎ Trolox equivalents (TE)/g, and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity was 17.15∼33.58 and 14.37∼41.72 ㎎ TE/g, respectively. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as radical scavenging activity of sorghum increased significantly as seeding period was delayed.

유묘기 장기간 습해처리에 따른 옥수수의 생육 및 수량 특성 변화

신성휴,정건호,김성국,손범영,김상곤,이진석,김정태,배환희,권영업,심강보,이재은,백성범,전원태,Shin, Seonghyu,Jung, Gun-Ho,Kim, Seong-Guk,Son, Beom-Young,Kim, Sang Gon,Lee, Jin Seok,Kim, Jung Tae,Bae, Hwan-hee,Kwon, Youngup,Shim, Kang-Bo,Lee, 한국초지조사료학회 2017 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.37 No.4

본 연구는 사료용 옥수수의 내습성 검정을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 자식 6계통을 3엽기에 30일간 습해 처리 후 옥수수의 생육 특성 및 수량 변화를 구명하고자 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 시험포장(온실)에서 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 습해 처리 시 모든 자식 계통이 무처리에 비하여 초장, 완전전개엽수 및 엽색도(SPAD)는 모든 계통에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며 엽색도는 KS140 계통이 높았고 KS141 계통이 낮았다. 2. 지상부와 뿌리의 건물중은 습해처리 후 모든 계통이 유의적으로 감소하였으며 자식 계통들 간에는 KS140이 가장 많았고 KS163이 가장 적었다. 부정근의 건물중은 무처리와 유의적 차이는 없었으나 KS140 계통에서 높은 경향을 보였다. 3. 수확기 옥수수의 이삭길이와 두께 및 착립이삭길이, 개체당 종실수 모두 무처리에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 무처리에 비하여 이삭 길이와 두께는 KS141 계통이 착립 이삭길와 개체당 종실수에서는 KS164 계통이 가장 적게 감소하였다. 4. 옥수수 수량은 무처리에 비하여 습해 처리한 모든 계통에서 유의적으로 감소하였으나 습해 처리 계통들 간에는 KS164 계통만 유의적으로 수량이 높아 내습성인 것으로 판단하였다. 5. 옥수수 유묘기 30일간 습해처리시 초장, 엽색도(SPAD값), 완전전개엽수가 옥수수 수량과 상관이 높았다. Waterlogging strongly affects maize (Zea mays L.) growth. It is necessary to find the screening method of waterlogging tolerant maize lines. This study was to investigate the growth characters at V3 stage of maize, when is very sensitive to waterlogging. Six Korean maize inbred lines were subjected to waterlogging at V3 stage for 30 days. The 30 days waterlogging treatment significantly reduced plant height, number of expanded leaves, and SPAD value, compared with the control plants. SPAD values were significantly different among the six inbred lines, KS140 was the highest. The dry matter accumulation of aerial and root part were significantly decreased by 30 days waterlogging. KS140 was the weightiest among inbred lines. The dry matter of adventitious root showed same trend. Waterlogging treatment significantly reduced to ear length and thickness, grains filling length, grain number per ear, and maize grain. Plant height, SPAD value, and number of fully-expanded leave showed high correlation with maize grain yield, but number of senescent leaves, dry matter of adventitious root and TR ratio did not, suggesting that the former three traits may be good indicator for evaluating 30-day waterlogging tolerance of maize inbred lines. KS164 was the highest yield by increasing of grains filling length and grain number per ear of among waterlogging inbred lines. According to the results, evaluation of maize waterlogging should be consider both early growth characteristics and resilience in the later growth stages.

중북부지역에서 재배한 소립 검정콩의 품질 및 이화학 특성

김현주,정건호,이지혜,이병원,이유영,김성국,이병규,우관식,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Jung, Gun Ho,Lee, Ji Hae,Lee, Byong Won,Lee, Yu Young,Kim, Sung Kook,Lee, Byoung Kyu,Woo, Koan Sik 한국식품영양학회 2018 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.31 No.6

Proximate compositions, quality and physicochemical characteristics of small black soybean cultivar, cultivated in the north-central region of South Korea with different seeding periods, were evaluated. Proximate compositions, chromaticity, water binding capacity, water solubility index, swelling power, and antioxidant properties were significantly different among cultivars and different seeding periods. Moisture, crude ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents of small black soybean cultivar were 5.53~6.69, 5.47~6.54, 15.38~19.14, 34.17~40.26, and 32.04~36.85 g/100 g, respectively. Lightness, redness and yellowness were 35.60~38.61, -0.02~0.07 and -0.56~-0.13, and water binding capacity, water solubility index and swelling power were 84.48~148.31, 46.65~54.89 and 29.87~35.12%, respectively. Total polyphenol contents of first, second, and third seedings on small black soybean cultivar were 10.40~15.48, 9.86~14.85 and 8.61~15.39 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid contents were 5.81~7.25, 5.81~7.34 and 5.52~7.64 mg CE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was 4.55~7.86, 3.99~8.79, and 3.74~9.43 mg TE/g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 9.32~12.90, 8.64~13.39, and 8.51~14.35 mg TE/g, respectively. Phenol compound of Tawonkong and Socheong cultivars decreased with delay of seeding periods. Radical scavenging activity of Socheong and Jununi cultivars decreased with delay of seeding periods, but Socheong 2 and Socheongja cultivars increased. In the study, phenol compound and radical scavenging activity of small black soybean cultivar were different, depending on cultivars and seeding periods.

파종시기별 유효적산온도(GDD)가 옥수수의 생육 및 수량변화에 미치는 영향

김미정,정건호,김성국,이재은,전원태,심강보,김민태,우관식,권영업,허성기,Kim, Mi Jung,Jung, Gun Ho,Kim, Sung Kook,Lee, Jae Eun,Jeon, Weon Tai,Shim, Kang Bo,Kim, Min Tai,Woo, Koan Sik,Kwon, Yong Up,Heu, Sunggi 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회지 Vol.62 No.3

A total of 15 different corn hybrids, Kwangpyeongok, Gangdaok, Yanganok, Singwangok, Jangdaok, Cheonganok, Cheongdaok, Andaok, Dapyeongok, Pyeongkangok, Pyeonganok, Daanok, Sunwon 184, Gangilok, and P3394 was used to investigate the growth and yield depending on the sowing date. The sowing dates were April 5, June 25, and July 5 and each experiments was performed in triplicste. The growth of Gangdaok was the highest. However, although the growth of Kwangpyeongok, was lower thanthar of Gangdaok, its stem height to ear height ratio was lower than that of Gangdaok, thus, Kwangpyeongok may be more suitable for stable cultivation. Both growth and yield of Daanok were low, regardless of planting date, but yield and ear shape of Pyeongkangok and Dapyeongok were for fresh corn. Growth and yield of the 15 different corn hybrids varied depending on the planting date, However, the growth degree days (GDD) was the most important factor governing the maturity of corn. More than $1500^{\circ}C$ of GDD was sufficient to harvest mature corn hybrids in the central region of Korea. Besides yield and growth, other characteristics, such as sweetness and taste of the hybrids, should be investigated further the selection of the best corn hybrid.

갓 품종간의 형질 및 광합성 변이

In-Ho Lee(이인호),Jong-In Park(박종인),Gun-Ho Jung(정건호),Ill-Sup Nou(노일섭) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.7

총광합성율의 변이는 순광합성율에 호흡율을 더해서 구한 것으로 계통간의 변이는 순광합성율과 대동소이하 였으며 rosetteness는 초장, 초고 그리고 상대엽면적(SLA)과는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보여 초장 및 초고가 클수록 잎의 부착밀도가 낮고 잎이 엷은 것으로 나타났다. 식물의 지상부 생장량은 호흡율에 의해 보다 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났는데 이는 호흡이 잎 뿐 아니라 줄기에서도 일어나는데 기인한 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 엽의 부착밀도가 낮은 계통들이 지상부 생육이 좋았는데, 이것은 광합성율을 높이기 위해서는 상대엽면적(SLA) 이 큰 즉, 엽의 두께가 얇은 계통을 선발하는 것이 유리함을 말해 준다. The total photosynthetic rate in leaf mustard lines, which was calculated as the sum of the photosynthetic rate and the respiration rate, was not significantly different from their photosynthetic rate. Plant height, standing of rosetteness, showed a similar change to its specific leaf area (SLA). With increasing the plant height, leaf density increased and leaf color was lighter. It was found that shoot dry weight of leaf mustard was more affected by respiration. Also, it was hypothesized that respiration occurred not only in the leaf but also the stem. It was found that mustard lines whose leaf density was low showed a higher shoot growth. From this result, it was concluded that selection of a leaf mustard line with a larger SLA and lower leaf thickness could be effective in increasing photosynthetic rate.

종자친과 화분친을 달리한 옥수수의 품질 및 이화학 특성

우관식,배환희,정건호,손범영,김현주,Woo, Koan Sik,Bae, Hwan Hee,Jung, Gun Ho,Son, Beom-Young,Kim, Hyun-Joo 한국식품영양학회 2021 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

This study investigated on the chemical components, quality characteristics, antioxidant compounds, and activity of maize hybrids according to the cultivar, and breeding maize seeds crossed with seed and pollen parent. The moisture, crude fat, crude ash, crude protein, carbohydrate, and amylose contents of maize hybrids were significantly different among cultivars, and seeded and pollinated maize. The L-, a- and b-value of maize hybrids were 39.81~47.21, -0.01~0.55 and 5.85~18.47, respectively. Water binding capacity, water solubility index and swelling power were 123.29~153.32, 4.69~5.76 and 20.11~21.47%, respectively. The phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of maize hybrids were significantly different among cultivars, and seeded and pollinated maize. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of maize hybrids were 1,335.41~1,876.29 ㎍/g and 184.24~453.95 ㎍ CE/g, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were 171.75~239.16 and 299.44~364.09 mg TE/100 g, respectively. As a result, it could be used as a basic data for cultivating phenol compounds and antioxidant activity in maize breeding.

파종시기에 따른 중북부 지역 재배 녹두 품종의 품질 및 이화학 특성

우관식,김성국,정건호,김현주,이지혜,이병원,이유영,이병규,Woo, Koan Sik,Kim, Sung Kook,Jung, Gun Ho,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Lee, Ji Hae,Lee, Byong Won,Lee, Yu Young,Lee, Byoung Kyu 한국식품영양학회 2018 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.31 No.5

The proximate compositions, quality and physicochemical characteristics of mung-bean cultivars cultivated in the north-central region of South Korea with different seeding periods were evaluated. A significant difference was noted in the proximate compositions and chromaticity of mung-beans according to cultivars and different seeding periods. Crude ash and protein content decreased with the delay in seeding period and a slight increase in carbohydrate content was observed. Redness of the other five cultivars increased with the delay in seeding period except for the cultivar Jangan, while the yellowness decreased in cultivars Geumsung and Jangan. Water binding capacity of the $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ seeding on the cultivar Eoul was 115.15, 99.76 and 96.31%, respectively, and a decrease in the binding capacity was observed with the delay in seeding periods. Water solubility index and swelling power were significantly different among cultivars. Total polyphenol content of $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ seeding on the cultivar Jangan was 8.59 and 8.57 mg GAE/g, respectively, and a decrease was observed with the delay in seeding periods except for the cultivar Sohyeon. Total flavonoid content of $1^{st}$ seeding on the cultivar Jangan was 5.25 mg CE/g, which decreased with the delay in seeding periods. DPPH radical scavenging activity of $1^{st}$ seeding on the cultivars Geumsung and Kyungseon was 2.44 and 2.32 mg TE/g, respectively, which decreased with the delay in seeding periods. The BTS radical scavenging activity of $1^{st}$ seeding on the cultivar Jangan was 6.98 mg TE/g. In the present study, the variations in phenol content and radical scavenging activity were observed to be dependent on the cultivars and seeding periods.

옥수수 종실 및 속대의 Phytosterol 동정과 함량 변이

김선림,김미정,정건호,이유영,손범영,김정태,이진석,배환희,고영삼,김상곤,백성범,Kim, Sun-Lim,Kim, Mi-Jung,Jung, Gun-Ho,Lee, Yu-Young,Son, Beom-Young,Kim, Jung-Tae,Lee, Jin-Seok,Bae, Hwan-Hee,Go, Young-Sam,Kim, Sang-Gon,Baek, Seong-Bum 한국작물학회 2018 한국작물학회지 Vol.63 No.2

옥수수 종실(kernel)과 속대(cob)의 불검화물(ZML) 중 phytosterol의 조성과 함량의 변이를 구명하여 고품질 옥수수 신품종 육성 및 생리활성물질의 유용 소재화를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 본 연구를 실시하여 얻어진결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 옥수수 종실과 속대의 포화지방산은 phytosterol 함량과 부의 상관관계의 경향이었고, 불포화지방산 중 stearic 및 linoleic acid는 정상관 경향을 보였으나, linolenic acid는 종실에서 정상관($r=0.652^*$), 속대는 부상관($r=-0.505^*$) 관계를 보였다. 2. 옥수수 종실의 불검화물을 TLC로 분리한 결과 band I (campesterol, stigmasterol, ${\beta}$-sitosterol), band II (${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol), band III (${\Delta}^7$-stigmastenol), 및 band IV (${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol)로 뚜렷하게 분리되었고, 속대는 band I~IV 이외에도 3종 이상의 band가 추가적으로 분리되었다. 3. 옥수수 종실과 속대에 함유된 phytosterol의 GC 분리 패턴을 확인한 결과 campesterol, stigmasterol 및 ${\beta}$-sitosterol의 분리능이 좋았으나, ${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol (RT 22.846), ${\Delta}^7$-stigmastenol (RT 22.852) 및 ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol (RT 22.862)은 혼합물질 상태로는 분리가 되질 않았다. 4. 옥수수 종실의 평균 phytosterol 함량은 635.9 mg/100g, 속대는 273.0 mg/100 g으로 종실이 속대에 비해 약 2.4배 정도 phytosterol 함량이 높았다. 옥수수 종실의 phytosterol 조성은 ${\beta}$-sitosterol 80.05% > campesterol 10.5% > stigmasterol 9.46% 순이었으나, 속대는 ${\beta}$-sitosterol 59.43% > stigmasterol 31.72% > campesterol 10.98%으로 종실과 속대의 phytosterol 조성비는 다소 상이하였다. 5. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 판단할 때 옥수수 종실에 함유된 ${\beta}$-sitosterol, campesterol 및 stigmasterol의 생합성 경로에서 전구물질이 되는 ${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol, ${\Delta}^7$-stigmastenol 및 ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol이 옥수수 속대에서 검출되는 것으로 보아 옥수수 종실의 phytosterol은 속대에서 합성되어 종실로 전이되는 물질인 것으로 추정되었다.