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전시범 ( Si-bum Chun ),현익현 ( Ik-hyun Hyun ),이민규 ( Min-gyu Lee ),감상규 ( Sang-kyu Kam ) 한국환경과학회 2018 한국환경과학회지 Vol.27 No.7
Agricultural soils around springwaters heavily affected by pesticide run-off and around wells considering the regional characteristics were collected at 24 stations in Jeju Island, and the physicochemical properties and adsorption and leaching characteristics of four nonionic pesticides (diazinon, fenitrothion, alachlor, and metalaxyl) were investigated. The values of the major soil factors affecting the adsorption and leaching of pesticides, namely, soil pH(H<sub>2</sub>O), organic matter content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC), were in the range of 4.64~8.30, 0.9 13.1% and 12.7~31.7 meq/100 g, respectively. The Freundlich constant, K<sub>F</sub> value, which gives a measure of the adsorption capacity, decreased in the order of fenitrothion > diazinon > alachlor > metalaxyl, which was identical to their lower water solubility. Among the collected soils, the K<sub>F</sub> value was very highly correlated with organic matter content (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.800~0.876) and CEC (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.715~0.825) and showed a high correlation with clay content (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.473~0.575) and soil pH(H<sub>2</sub>O) (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.401~0.452). The leaching of pesticides in the soil column showed a reverse relationhip with their adsorption in soils, i.e., the pesticides leached more quickly for the soils with lower values of organic matter content and CEC among the soils and for the pesticides with higher water solubility.
전시범 ( Si-bum Chun ),현익현 ( Ik-hyun Hyun ),감상규 ( Sang-kyu Kam ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.8
The adsorption and leaching characteristics of five ionic pesticides including four acidic pesticides (2,4-D, dicamba, MCPA, and MCPP) and one amphoteric pesticide (imazaquin) in agricultural soils were investigated. Soils around spring waters that were heavily affected by pesticide run-off and soils around wells considering the regional characteristics in Jeju Island were collected at 24 stations. The Freundlich constant, KF value, which is a measure of the adsorption capacity, decreased in the order of 2,4-D > MCPA > MCPP > dicamba > imazaquin. The adsorption capacity of these ionic pesticides decreased with increasing pH owing to the effects of ionization of pesticides and different ionizable functional groups of soils. The leaching of ionic pesticides in the soil column showed a reverse relationship with their adsorption in soils, namely, the ionic pesticides were leached more quickly for the pesticides with lower adsorption capacity. The groundwater contamination potential of the ionic pesticides was evaluated in the order of imazaquin > MCPA > MCPP > dicamba > 2.4-D according to the groundwater ubiquity score based on soil Koc and the half-life of the pesticide.
제주산 참다래의 품종 및 숙도에 따른 화학성분과 항산화 활성
오현정(Hyun-Jeong Oh),전시범(Si-Bum Jeon),강혜영(Hye-Young Kang),양영준(Young-Jun Yang),김성철(Seong-Cheol Kim),임상빈(Sang-Bin Lim) 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.40 No.3
제주에서 육성한 후 재배된 참다래에 대하여 기능성식품 소재 및 가공품을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여, 품종별, 숙도별 이화학적 특성 및 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 일반성분으로 수분은 미숙과의 경우 87.06~90.78%, 완숙과는 83.40~88.27%로 숙도 및 품종별 차이를 보였다. 미숙과의 조단백 함량은 0.26~1.07%, 완숙과는 1.08~1.58%이었고, 조지방은 0.002~0.003%로 조단백, 조지방, pH는 품종 및 숙도별 차이가 없었다. 조회분은 미숙과는 0.43~0.64%, 완숙과는 0.51~0.77%로 미숙과에 비하여 증가되었다. 참다래 품종 중에서 제시스위트 품종이 조단백, 조지방, 조회분 및 당도가 높았다. 참다래에 함유되어 있는 유리당은 fructose, glucose, sucrose로 미숙과에서보다 완숙과에서 총당 함량이 17~44배 증가하였으며 품종마다 차이가 있었다. 제주산 참다래 품종의 주요 유기산은 lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid이었으며, oxalic acid와 tartaric acid는 완숙과에서는 검출이 되지 않았으나, 미숙과에서는 소량 검출되었다. 참다래 과실의 무기성분은 칼륨이 117.7~189.9 ㎎%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 비타민 C 함량은 미숙과는 0.21~0.59 ㎎/g, 완숙과는 0.12~0.81 ㎎/g로 숙기와 품종에 따라서 차이를 보였는데, 미숙과에 비해 완숙과의 비타민 C 함량이 높았다. 총 페놀 함량은 미숙과는 26.81~56.10 ㎍/g, 완숙과는 8.64~26.45 ㎍/g로 미숙과의 총 페놀 함량이 높았다. 과실 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거활성을 500 ㎎/L에서, 미숙과는 84.47~89.37%로 화북94>제시골드>한라골드>제시스위트 순으로 활성이 높았으며, 완숙과는 43.94~76.96%로 화북94>한라골드>제시골드>제시스위트 순이었다. 미숙과에서 항산화 활성이 높은 것은 미숙과가 완숙과에 비하여 총 페놀 함량이 높기 때문인 것으로 보이며, 항산화 활성은 품종 및 숙도에 따라 차이가 있었다. The chemical composition and antioxidative activity of kiwifruit varieties in Jeju, such as Jecy Gold (Actinidia chinensis var. 'Jecy Gold'), Halla Gold (A. chinensis var. 'Halla Gold'), Jecy Sweet (A. deliciosa var. 'Jecy Sweet') and Hwabuk 94 (A. deliciosa var. 'Hwabuk 94') were investigated. The crude protein, crude lipid, and pH showed no differences among variety and maturity whereas the moisture contents showed differences among the variety and maturity. Jecy Sweet in mature stage showed the highest values in soluble solid, crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash. The changes in chemical components of kiwifruit by maturity stage were as follows: during ripening, the glucose and the fructose contents increased considerably with the decrease of sucrose content. Potassium, phosphorus, sodium, and magnesium were estimated as the major minerals in kiwifruit and Jecy Sweet contained the highest amounts of potassium and magnesium. At maturity stage, ascorbic, malic and lactic acid were increased with the decrease of citric acid content. The polyphenol contents were 26.81~56.10 ㎍/g and 8.64~26.45 ㎍/g, respectively, in immature and mature fruits. During ripening, the polyphenol content was decreased. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of methanol extracts were 84.47~89.37% and 43.94~76.96% at 500 ppm, respectively, in immature and mature fruits. The immature varieties of kiwifruit have a high DPPH radical scavenging activity. Therefore the chemical composition and physiological activity of kiwifruit was affected by variety and maturity.