Biosorption in the Mixed Heavy Metal Solution by Biosorbents of Marine Brown Algae

감상규,이동환,이회근,이민규 ( Sang Kyu Kam,Dong Hwan Lee,Whae Geon Lee,Min Gyu Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1997 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1990 No.3

N/A The biomass of nonliving, dried marine brown algae U. pinnatifida, H. fusiforme, and S. fulvelum harvested in the sea near Cheju, were studied for their sorption performance and selectivity of copper, zinc, lead, and chromium. The metal uptakes by biosorbent materials increased with increasing pH in the range of Ci 10-500㎎/L. The metal uptakes by biosorbent materials decreased in the following sequence: Pb>Cr>Cu>Zn. Among the biosorbent materials the decreasing order was as follows: U. pinnatifida≥H. fusiforme>S. fulvelum for copper and zinc; U. pinnatifida>H. fusiforme>S fulvelum for lead and chromium. The metal uptakes(except for lead) by biosorbent materials in the mixed solution, decreased greatly in comparison to those in the single solution.

Study on the Charge Determination of Synthetic Cationic Polymers

감상규,김정호,이민규 ( Sang Kyu Kam,Jung Ho Kim,Min Gyu Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1997 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1990 No.3

N/A Visual titrimetry, spectrophotometry, and streaming current detector(SCD) method for end point detection are described for the charge determination of the synthetic cationic polymers of different charge density and molecular weight. The charge densities for each of the cationic polymers by spectrophotometry and SCD method were in good agreement with each other. The results obtained by visual titrimetry are less reliable, compared to other methods, especially for polymers low charge density. With spectrophotometry and SCD method, the titration curves have a sharp break point in the range of the end point reaction for polymers of high charge density, which becomes rather less sharp for polymers of lower charge density. The charge densities for polymer A-L, which are copolymers of polyacrylamide and dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, show pH dependence, becoming lower as pH increases, but the charge density of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride are independent of pH in the pH range investigated.

제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가

김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1

1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.

폐감귤박으로 제조한 활성탄에 의한 아세톤, 벤젠 및 메틸메르캅탄의 흡착특성

감상규 ( Sang-kyu Kam ),강경호 ( Kyung-ho Kang ),이민규 ( Min-gyu Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2017 공업화학 Vol.28 No.6

활성화제로 KOH, NaOH 및 ZnCl₂를 사용하여 폐감귤박으로부터 활성탄을 제조하였다. 최적조건(활성화제의 침적비율 300%, 활성화 온도 : KOH의 경우 900 ℃, NaOH의 경우 700 ℃, ZnCl₂의 경우 600 ℃, 활성화 시간 1.5 h)에서 제조한 활성탄을 각각 ACK, ACN 및 ACZ로 명명하였다. 이들 활성탄을 사용하여 회분식 반응기에서 아세톤, 벤젠 및 메틸메르캅탄(MM) 등의 3가지 대상가스에 대한 흡착 특성을 검토하였다. 이들 활성탄에 의한 3가지 대상 가스의 흡착은 Langmuir 모델식보다는 Freundlich 모델식에 더 부합되는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 흡착 속도실험결과는 유사1차 속도식보다는 유사 2차 속도식에 잘 부합하였으며, 입자 내 확산 모델 결과는 흡착 과정에서 외부물질전달과 입자확산이 동시에 일어나는 것을 시사해 주었다. Activated carbons were prepared from waste citrus peels using KOH, NaOH, and ZnCl₂ as activating chemicals. They were prepared at optimal conditions including the chemical ratio of 300%, activation time of 1.5h, and activation temperature of 900 ℃ for KOH, 700 ℃ for NaOH, and 600 ℃ for ZnCl₂, which were named as ACK, ACN, and ACZ, respectively. Using the activated carbons, their adsorption characteristics for three target gases such as acetone, benzene, and methylmercaptan (MM) were carried out in a batch reactor. The adsorption behavior of activated carbons for three target gases followed the Freundlich model better than the Langmuir. And the experimental kinetic data followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model more than pseudo-first-order one. Following the intraparticle diffusion model suggested that the external mass transfer and particle diffusion were occurred simultaneously during the adsorption process.

폐감귤박으로 제조한 자성 활성탄을 이용한 2,4-디클로로페놀의 흡착특성

감상규 ( Sang-kyu Kam ),이민규 ( Min-gyu Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2018 공업화학 Vol.29 No.4

폐감귤박으로 제조한 자성 활성탄(MAC, magnetic activated carbon)을 이용하여 수용액 중의 2,4-디클로로페놀(2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4-DCP)을 제거하는 연구하였다. 접촉시간, MAC의 투여량, 용액의 온도, pH 및 2,4-DCP 농도를 변화시켜 MAC에 의한 2,4-DCP의 흡착특성을 조사하였다. 등온 흡착 실험결과는 Langmuir 등온 모델식에 의해 잘 설명되었으며, Langmuir 등온식으로부터 구한 최대 흡착량은 312.5 mg/g이었다. 흡착속도는 유사 2차 속도식에 의해 잘 기술되었으며, 입자 내 확산 모델 자료는 흡착 과정 동안 막 확산과 입자 내 확산이 동시에 일어나는 것을 말해 주었다. 열역학적 파라미터인 △H°와 △G°는 각각 양의 값과 음의 값을 가지므로 MAC에 의한 2,4-DCP의 흡착은 자발적이며 흡열반응으로 일어나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 흡착실험을 완료한 후 사용한 MAC는 외부에서 자석을 이용하여 쉽게 분리할 수 있었다. The removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4-DCP) in aqueous solution was studied using the magnetic activated carbon (MAC) prepared from waste citrus peel. The adsorption characteristics of 2,4-DCP by MAC were investigated by varying the contact time, MAC dose, solution temperature, pH and 2,4-DCP concentration. The isothermal adsorption data were well explained by the Langmuir isotherm model equation and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir isotherm equation was 312.5 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic data were well described by the pseudo-second-order reaction equation. The intraparticle diffusion model data indicated that both the film and intraparticle diffusion occur simultaneously during the adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters of △H° and △G° have positive and negative values, respectively, indicating that the adsorption of 2,4-DCP by MAC is a spontaneous endothermic reaction. After the adsorption experiment was completed, the used MAC could be easily separated by an external magnet.

제주도 제주항내 퇴적물 중의 부틸주석화합물의 오염

감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),허철구 ( Chul Goo Hu ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

Contamination of butyltin compounds (BTs), namely tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), was evaluated in sediments collected inside Jeju Harbor in 2001. The concentrations of BTs in surface sediments were comparable to those in other sites of domestic and foreign countries. The high correlations between BTs in surface (r2=0.83~0.91) and core (r2=0.70~0.79) sediments and the significant correlations between BTs concentrations and the number of incoming and outgoing vessels indicated that DBT and MBT were mainly degraded from TBT based on antifouling paints of vessels etc. and other sources, such as DBT and MBT, could be ignored. The butyltin degradation indices ([DBT]+[MBT]/[TBT]) in surface sediments were in the range of 2.2~3.6 (mean 2.7), indicating that the parent compound, TBT, was inflowed into the surface sediments a long ago, degraded and deposited. The sedimentation age of BTs contaminated core sediments could not estimated because the content of (210)Pb activity was nearly all the same and so the sedimentation rate could not obtained.

제주도 동부지역 염지하수 관정의 수리지질학적 특성

감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),오승태(Seung-Tae Oh),이민규(Min-Gyu Lee) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2017 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.4

Polysulfone에 추출제 Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)와 tri-butyl-phosphate(TBP)를 고정화한 고체상 추출제의 제조와 Cu(II)의 제거 특성

감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),전진우 ( Jin Woo Jeon ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The solid-phase extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP was prepared by immobilizing two extractants D2EHPA and TBP in polysulfone (PS). The prepared PS-D2EHPA/TBP was characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution was investigated in batch system. The experiment data were obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium data were well fitted by Langmuir model and the removal capacity of Cu(II) by solid extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP obtained from Langmuir model was 3.11 mg/g at 288 K. The removal capacity of Cu(II) was increased according to increasing pH from 2 to 6, but the removal capacity was decreased below pH 3 remarkably.

연구논문 : D2EHPA와 TBP를 Styrene Acrylonitrile Copolymer (SAN)으로 고정화한 고체상 추출제에 의한 Cu(2) 제거 특성

감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.7

The solid phase extractant SAN-D2EHPA/TBP containing two extractants of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and Tri-butyl-phosphate (TBP) was prepared by immobilizing two exractants D2EHPA and TBP in styrene acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN). The prepared SAN-D2EHPA/TBP was characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The solid phase extractant SAN-D2EHPA/TBP was tested for the removal of Cu(2) from aqueous solution. Experiments were carried out as a function of the pH and Cu(2) concentration in the aqueous phase. The equilibrium time was 180 min and equilibrium experiment data obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm model represented the experiment data as well. The maximum removal capacity of Cu(2) calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 3.1 mg/g.

D2EHPA와 TBP를 PVC에 고정화한 고체상 추출제를 사용한 수용액 중의 Cu(II) 이온 제거특성

감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),이송우 ( Song Woo Lee ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Removal characteristics of Cu(II) ions by solid-phase extractant immobilized D2EHPA and TBP in PVC were investigated. Cu(II) ion concentrations in the solution and removal capacity of Cu(II) ion according to operation time were compared. The lower the initial concentration of Cu(II) ion in aqueous solution was, the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion by solid-phase extractant was increased relatively. The bigger the initial concentration of Cu(II) ion was, the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was increased relatively. The pseudo-second-order kinetics according to operation time was showed more satisfying resultsthan the pseudo-first-order kinetics for the removal velocity of Cu(II) ion. The removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was 0.025 mg/g in aqueous solution of pH 2, but the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was increased to 0.33 mg/g mg/g in aqueous solution of pH 4 according to increasing pH.