5주간 전해질 음료 섭취가 고온 환경에서 일회성 운동 시 혈중 전해질 농도, 심근손상지표 및 운동수행력에 미치는 영향

박세환(Se-Hwan Park),전병엽(Byeong Yeob Jeon),김용환(Yong Hwan Kim),윤진환(Jin-Hwan Yoon) 한국생활환경학회 2017 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.24 No.5

해양심층수 전해질 보충이 고온 환경에서 일회성운동 중 혈중 전해질 농도 및 운동수행력에 미치는 영향

박세환(Se Hwan Park),전병엽(Byeong Yeob Jeon),김용환(Yong Hwan Kim),윤진환(Jin-Hwan Yoon) 한국생활환경학회 2016 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.23 No.6

This study investigated the effect of deep sea water electrolyte drink supplement on blood electrolyte concentration and exercise performance during acute exercise in hot environment. This study has selected 11 healthy males (23±1.8 years; 65.9±6.92 kg; 172.5±6.9 cm) as the subjects. Exercise protocol was conducted on a treadmill (30°C±2 /all-out) by using Bruce protocol. Blood sample were obtained at baseline, immediately and 30 min post-exercise. The source variables of blood electrolyte elements were Na<SUP>+</SUP>, Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, K<SUP>+</SUP> and blood lactate, ADH. The source variables of exercise performance were total exercise time and VO2max. The results of this study were as follows; First, the blood electrolyte elements were increased by deep-sea water compared with water intake, but not significantly. Second, blood lactate and ADH were increased deep-sea water compared with water intake, but not significantly. On the other hand, both of exercise time and VO2max were significantly increased in deep-sea water intake (p<.05). Deep-sea water electrolyte supplement intake didn’t have a significant difference on the change in blood electrolyte concentration, it showed higher level of electrolyte concentration compared with water intake. Therefore, further study should be conducted under the condition of long-time intake. Meanwhile, deep-sea water electrolyte supplement intake is considered to enhance exercise time and VO2max. Thus it can be said to have a positive effect up on exercise performance in hot environment.

SD-rats를 이용한 오미자박 추출물의 급성경구독성 평가

김석호,유보라,김영숙,임종민,구본화,곽경태,전병엽 대한한의학방제학회 2022 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : In this study, acute oral toxicity test of pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts was conducted in order to up-cycling to a high value-added industry using by-products discarded in the production process of Schisandra chinensis products and active ingredients such as dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in Schisandra chinensis. Methods : Pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts were orally administered to SD-rats(female, n=3) without a control group according to the 'OECD guidelines'. After, mortality and clinical signs were observed, and the deceased animals were subjected to an autopsy. In addition, acute oral toxicity test was sequentially performed in step Ⅰ(300 mg/kg), step Ⅱ(300 mg/kg), step Ⅲ(2,000 mg/kg), and step Ⅳ(2,000 mg/kg) according to the mortality. Results : There were no abnormalities caused by pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts in step Ⅰ and step Ⅱ. However, one animal each died in step Ⅲ and step Ⅳ. In addition, clinical signs(salivation, decrease in food intake, prone position, decrease of locomotor activity, loss of locomotor activity, convulsion, hypothermia, lacrimation, staining around mouth, soiled perineal region, reddish urine, chromaturia, decrease of fecal volume, lying on side, blackish stool, no stool, compound-colored stool, refusal to feed, excitement, hypersensitivity, rigidity, dorsal position, etc.) were observed. But, no clinical signs were observed from 5th day, and experiment animals recovered completely. Conclusions : As a result of this study, pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts may exhibit acute toxicity at concentrations of 2,000 to 5,000 mg/kg, and the GHS classification was designated as 'Category 5'.

Atorvastatin으로 유도된 근위축 세포모델에서 상황-오미자박 고상발효물 열수추출물의 보호효과

김영숙,황수진,박광일,임종민,천다미,정유진,전병엽,곽경태,오태우,Kim, Young-Suk,Hwang, Su-Jin,Park, Kwang-Il,Lim, Jong-Min,Cheon, Da-Mi,Jung, Yu Jin,Jeon, Byeong Yeob,Kwak, Kyeung Tae,Oh, Tae Woo 대한한의학방제학회 2021 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

Objectives : This study is to effect of improving muscle atrophy through water extract on the solid-phase fermentation extraction with Phellinus linteus of discarded Schisandra chinensis in an atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell. Methods : C2C12 myoblast were differentiated into myotube by 2% horse serum medium for 6 days, and then treated solid-phase fermentation(S-P) extract at different concentrations for 24h. To investigate the effect of S-P extract on the induction of muscle atrophy and expression of atrophy-related genes and apoptosis in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using a GSH, ROS, real-time PCR, western blots analysis. Results : As a result of treatment with atorvastatin at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 uM on the 6th day of differentiation in C2C12 myotube cells, it was confirmed that the cell morphology was damaged in a concentration-dependent manner, and the length and thickness of the myotube also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with S-P extract (50, 100 and 200 ㎍/㎖) increased of GSH and inhibited ROS in the atorvastatin-induced muscle atrophy cell model at a concentration that did not induce toxicity. In addition, it was confirmed that it has an effect on muscle reduction by inhibiting apoptosis of muscle cells as well as being involved in protein production and degradation of muscle cells. Conclusions : Atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell, S-P extract activates related to differentiation/generation and proteolysis, and inhibits cell death of atrophy in C2C12 cell. Based on this, it is necessary to prove its effectiveness through animal models and human application test, but it is considered to be discarded Schisandra chinensis can present the potential for development as a recycling industrial material.

ICR 마우스를 이용한 오미자박 추출물의 소핵 시험

김석호,김선연,김영숙,임종민,구본화,곽경태,전병엽 대한한의학방제학회 2022 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : In this study, erythrocyte micronucleus test of pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts was conducted in order to up-cycling to a high value-added industry using by-products discarded in the production process of Schisandra chinensis products and active ingredients such as dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in Schisandra chinensis. Methods : The micronucleus test was performed according to the 'OECD Guidelines'. Including the negative control group(0 mg/kg) and the positive control group(CPA 70 mg/kg), pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts were orally administered to ICR mouse at doses of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg. After sacrificing the experimental animals bone marrow cells were collected and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte were counted. And genetic toxicity was confirmed according to the frequency of micronucleus. Results : As a result of the micronucleus test, there were no changes in body weight, clinical signs, or death in any group. But, a significant increase was observed in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte among polychromatic erythrocytes in the positive control group administered with CPA compared to the negative control group(p<0.05). Whereas, no significant increase was observed in the group administered with pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts compared to the negative control group. Conclusions : Pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts did not induce micronucleus in bone marrow cells of ICR mouse up to a concentration of 2,000 mg/kg, and it was judged that no genetic toxicity was observed.

HME (Hot-Melt Extrusion)를 이용한 오미자 씨 및 박의 수용성 및 항산화 효과 향상

고은지,강민지,김민준,임정대,김영숙,임종민,조민정,오태우,김석호,곽경태,전병엽 대한한의학방제학회 2023 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill contains many nutrients and exhibits high physiological functions. It has been shown that Schisandra seed and pamace contains more nutrients than fruits and thus have higher antioxidant efficacy. In this study, seed and pamace of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SPSC) were treated with hot-melt extrudate (HME) extrusion to produce water-soluble nanoparticles. Methods : SPSC was treated with HME to prepare nanoparticles. In this process, excipients (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pullulan, 2-hydroxylpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, lecithin) were added to prepare a hydrophilic polymer matrix. To compare and analyze the antioxidant effect and schizandrin content, total flavonoid content, total phenol content and ABTS assay were measured. To confirm the effect of increasing the water solubility of the particles, particle size and water solubility index measurements were performed. The molecular of the material was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results : The particle size of HME extrudates decreased, while total phenols, flavonoids, schizandrin, antioxidant effect, and solubility increased. Through FT-IR, it was confirmed that the SPSC and the extrudate exhibit the same chemical properties. In addition, it was confirmed that when extracted with water, it exhibited a higher antioxidant effect than the ethanol extract. Conclusions : HME technology increased the solubility of SPSC, which are processing by-products, and improved their antioxidant effect to a higher degree. It was confirmed that SPSC could be used as an eco-friendly, high value-added material.

오미자추출물(SFEP)의 90일 반복경구투여 독성 시험을 통한 안전성 검증

김석호,김나영,김영숙,임종민,구본화,오태우,고은지,곽경태,전병엽 대한한의학방제학회 2023 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : This study conducted a repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity test in order to up-cycling Schisandra fruit extract powder(SFEP) using discarded Schisandra chinensis by-products and evaluated the NOAEL of SFEP. Methods : SD-rats were orally administered SFEP at concentrations of 0, 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg once daily for 90 days. Body weights and clinical signs were observed during the administration period. After completion of the experiment, the experimental animals were autopsied to observe necropsy findings and organ weights changes, and hematological parameters and blood chemistry values were measured. Results : During the SFEP administration period, clinical signs such as salivation, wounds, and erosion were sporadically observed in 1 to 2 animals. In the SFEP 250 mg/kg administered group, weights of the liver and thyroid gland significantly increased compared to the control group, but no significant changes were observed in organ weights according to body weights. As a result of measuring hematological parameters and blood chemistry values, a decrease in RDW, T-BIL, and TBA, and an increase in TP, ALB, and Ca were observed due to SFEP administration. However, these changes following SFEP administration were accidental and not dose-dependent. Additionally, no correlation was found between gender and other parameters. Conclusions : Therefore, the NOAEL of SFEP was confirmed to be 250 mg/kg.