우리나라 공예문화상품의 현황과 개선방안에 관한 연구

장용만(Jang, Yong-Man),김성민(Kim, sung-min) 한국조형디자인학회 2005 조형디자인연구 Vol.8 No.1

The territorial characteristics of the korean artifacts refer to the characteristics of the korean artifacts works that bring out what is popular in some geographic areas and that which carry featur es that depict territorial uniqueness or something which form regular tradition of certain territories. These include the characteristics of the korean artifacts that are affected by geographic, historic. cultural, psychological reasons that apply to certain special areas or what are popular among the ethnic groups. Territorial characterist ics are ju st like international and ethnic characteristics. and they represent the elements, which a rea l craft arti st can never get away from. Territorial characteristics are not only an outside area concept; they are also qualities from within. Territorial characteristics are from the inside to the outside. Any craft art piece's thought structure. drawing and crea tion moe. in fact, contained inside the terri tory in which the art ist lives. With reference to arti stic creations, only limited crea tion can reach the unlimited. The word "limited" means some kind of territorial limitation, as opposed to "unlimited" meaning that the art form can reach the limitless territory. Whether a craft artist meansto do it or not. many of them do basically depict territ orial characteristics in their works. It is because of this innate quality that the craft creations are displaying territorial sceneries that are of different characteristics and are contemporary characteristics of modem craft and this is an indisputable fact. Additionally, one ethnic group's culture can change according to the territory the group occupies. This also makes it a possibility for the ceramics culture to become multi-faceted. Because of geographic format ion changes over a long period of time, it produces different craft resources. Native craft artists can fully utilize and create works according to their material characteristics and therefore, are able to produce many beautiful craft art pieces. Of course, choosing creative media in the present day is not just restricted to the influence imposed by territorial difference. Territ orial characteristics have provided artists some enriched materials to choose from so that eventually they can reflect their spiritual subjectivity in their work.

2019-06 Chamfer of Rectangular

장용만 ( Jang Yong Man ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2019 No.2

Aspergillus terreus 에 의해 생합성되는 이타콘산의 생산성 증가를 위한 통계적 생산배지 최적화

장용만(Yong-Man Jang),신우식(Woo-Shik Shin),이도훈(Do-Hoon Lee),김상용(Sang-Yong Kim),박철환(Chulhwan Park),정용섭(Yong-Seob Jeong),전계택(Gie-Taek Chun) 한국생물공학회 2009 KSBB Journal Vol.24 No.1

Aspergillus terreus에 의한 이타콘산 생산 발효공정에서 생산균주의 성장을 어느 정도 제한시킴으로써 배양생리적 특성이 이타콘산 생합성 쪽으로 치우치도록 통계적 방법을 적용하여 itaconic acid의 생산배지 조성을 최적화하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이타콘산은 TCA회로를 거쳐 합성된 cis-aconitic acid의 디카르복실화 반응에 의해 생합성되는 고부가 화학원료물질이다. 우선 One factor at a time (OFAT) 방법을 이용하여 이타콘산의 생산성 증가에 크게 영향을 미치는 중요한 탄소원들로 sucrose, glucose, fructose와 soluble starch를 확인할 수 있었고, 질소원들로는 cottonseed flour와 soybean meal을 찾을 수 있었다. Fractional factorial design을 통하여 이들 6가지 요인들 간의 상호작용의 정도를 확인한 결과 sucrose와 cottonseed flour간의 상호작용의 정도가 가장 컸고, 나머지 요인들 간의 상호작용의 정도는 작거나 혹은 이타콘산 생산에 오히려 부정적인 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 full factorial design (FFD) 실험을 통해 생산배지에 KH2PO4와 MgSO4 가 과량 첨가되면 이타콘산의 생산성이 심각하게 저해됨을 알 수 있었다. FFD의 1차모델식을 근간으로 하여 최급 상승법 (steepest ascent method, SAM)을 적용하여 sucrose, cottonseed flour, KH2PO4 및 MgSO4의 최적 농도로 향하는 가장 가파른 기울기를 구함으로써, 신속하고 효율적으로 최적 농도지점에 대한 정보를 얻을 수 있었다. SAM이 제시해주는 농도 부근에서 반응표면분석 (response surface method, RSM)을 적용하여 각 배지성분의 농도를 최적화 시키기 위해, 2개의 중요한 요인인 sucrose와 cottonseed flour를 이용하여 중심합성계획 (central composite design, CCD) 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 이타콘산의 최적 배지조건은 sucrose 90.4 g/L, cottonseed flour 53.8 g/L인 것으로 관찰되었고, 이 농도에서 이타콘산의 생산성은 초기 사용된 배지에서의 생산성에 비해 약 7배 증가한 4360 mg/l로 나타났다. 이로부터 탄소원 (C)으로 사용한 sucrose와 질소원 (N)으로 사용한 cottonseed flour 간의 C/N 비율이 이타콘산의 생산성에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Statistical optimization of the production medium was carried out in order to find an optimal medium composition in itaconic acid fermentation process. Itaconic acid utilized in the manufacture of various synthetic resins is a dicarboxylic acid biosynthesized by fungal cells of Aspergillus terreus in a branch of the TCA cycle via decarboxylation of cis-aconitate. Through OFAT (one factor at a time) experiments, six components (glucose, fructose, sucrose, soluble starch, soybean meal and cottonseed flour) were found to have significant effects on itaconic production among various carbon- and nitrogen-sources. Hence, using these six factors, interactive effects were investigated via fractional factorial design, showing that the initial concentrations of sucrose and cottonseed flour should be high for enhanced production of itaconic acid. Furthermore, through full factorial design (FFD) experiments, negative effects of KH2PO4 and MgSO4 on itaconic acid biosynthesis were demonstrated, when excess amounts of the each component were initially added. Based on the FFD analysis, further statistical experiments were conducted along the steepest ascent path, followed by response surface method (RSM) in order to obtain optimal concentrations of the constituent nutrients. As a result, optimized concentrations of sucrose and cottonseed flour were found to be 90.4g/L and 53.8g/L respectively, with the corresponding production level of itaconic acid to be 4.36 g/L (about 7 fold higher productivity as compared to the previous production medium). From these experimental results, it was assumed that optimum ratio of the constituent carbon (sucrose) and nitrogen (cottonseed flour) sources was one of the most important factors for the enhanced production of itaconic acid.

관광기념품으로서의 공예문화상품의 가치와 역할에 관한 연구

장용만(Jang Yong-Man) 한국디자인학회 2005 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.10

평생교육의 현황과 도예교육 프로그램의 발전방향에 관한 연구

이헌국(Lee, Heon-Kook),장용만(Jang, Yong-Man) 한국조형디자인학회 2004 조형디자인연구 Vol.7 No.1

The times that concept called education is generalized for life in our country, and was spent are nothing more than 25- 6. This point can be a very remarkable project when tries to consider environment of our country searching in the world than neither country in educational heat. It is phenomenon to have happened because was not able to enjoy everybody benefit of school education backing up in the government in the war generations that are a former birth for 1950 years. Therefore, the interest about education was able to become a basis naturally to their nation of high education faced the second and fell off, and to show off an educational column of the first world. However, it was appeared with various forms with a plan of solution about the estranged spirit world of isoneself who was followed while accomplishing high economic growth. These phenomena became a social sue gradually, and a chapter of new education called social education got the basis that can be opened. Because the social educat ion was opened with various courses by age and scholarship while not getting a courtship, is equipped with a natural aptitude not to have inferiority as meaning of education for life. Also, carries out role to be superior to any the orga nization in diffusion anger of culture faithfully and has developed. Now the reason that a word called social education is never strange is here. Specially, research about our culture and effort have been consiste ntly proceeded, and an interest about crafts is following now steadily as soon as they tum among a lot of courses. Became a lot of social education center or the culture center, the course that can easily contact with even in general personal empty rooms with the proof. Wishes in other opinion in two sides and can see this, but the positive side that achieved social expansion of ceramic art culture and a cultura l development first is. Quantitative second times unfavorably. Compare to growth, and growth in quality is slight point. In other words, it is for own development to be able to miss because of the large interest and development of a program to be delayed, but this can give a bad influence to development of future ceramic s culture , and urgent solution can be a necessary project than nothing. Became a very special intere st and the key study object to the researcher whom this problem majored in ceramic art and protec ted. Therefore, this paper is determined with the present situation and a development of a social education of our country and is going to study on the present situation and a development direction of a ceramic art educational program.

봄철 마라도의 조류상

김영호(Young-Ho Kim),강희만(Hui-Man Kang),강창완(Chang-Wan Kang),김은미(Eun-Mi Kim),김화정(Hwa-Jeong Kim),지남준(Nam-Jun Ji),장용창(Yong-Chang Jang),오홍식(Hong-Shik Oh) 한국조류학회II 2010 한국조류학회지 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 2008년 4~6월 마라도를 통과하는 조류상을 파악하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 조사 결과, 관찰된 조류는 총 12목 32과 114종 2,621개체였다. 우점종은 슴새 Calonectris leucomelas 1,006개체(38.38%), 칼새 Apus pacificus 435개체(16.60%), 제비 Hirundo rustica 112개체(4.27%), 황로 Bubulcus ibis 96개체(3.66%) 등으로 나타났다. 이동형별 조류현황을 살펴보면, 통과조류가 37종(32%)으로 가장 많았으며, 여름철새 33종(29%), 텃새 22종(19%), 겨울철새 11종(10%), 길잃은새 11종(10%)이었다. 멸종위기종은 물수리 Pandion haliaetus, 조롱이 Accipiter gularis, 벌매 Pernis apivorus, 매 Falco peregrinus, 흑비둘기 Golumba janthina, 삼광조 Tersipone atrocaudata 6종, CITES종은 물수리, 조롱이, 붉은배새매 Accipiter soloensis, 매, 황조롱이, 솔부엉이 6종이 관찰되었다. 과별로는 지빠귀과 13종(166개체), 휘파람새과 13종(183개체), 백로과(128개체)와 멧새과(102개체)가 10종, 도요과 9종(57개체), 할미새과 8종(29개체), 딱새과 6종(75개체) 등이었다. 이처럼 마라도는 조류들의 이동루트 및 서식처로 이용되는 것으로 나타나 마라도를 통과하는 조류상에 대한 체계적인 조사가 이루어진다면 이동경로와 지구온난화로 인한 조류상의 변화를 감지할 수 있는 자료가 될 것이라 여겨진다. This study aimed at researching the birds passing by Marado Island, South Korea from April to June, 2008. Total 2,621 individuals of birds from 114 species, 32 families, 12 orders were observed. Dominant species were Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas (1006 individuals, 38.38%), White-rumped Swift Apus pacificus (435 individuals, 16.60%), House Swallow Hirundo rustica, (112 individuals, 4.27%), and Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (96 individuals, 3.66%). Among the observed birds, passage migrants were 37 species (32%), summer visitors were 33 species (29%), residents were 22 species (19%), winter visitors were 11 species (10%), and vagrants were 11 species (10%). Six species of Endangered species under Korean Law were found: Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Lesser Sparrow-hawk Accipiter gularis, Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus, Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus, Japanese Wood Pigeon Columba janthina, and Black Paradise Flycatcher Tersiphone atrocaudata. Six species of Endangered species under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) were found: Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Lesser Sparrow-hawk Accipiter gularis, Chinese Sparrow-hawk Accipiter soloensis, Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus, Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus and Brown Hawk Owl Ninox scutulata. Dominant families were Turdidae (13 species, 166 individuals), Acrocephalidae (13 species 183 individuals), Ardeidae (10 species, 128 individuals), Emberizidae (10 species, 102 individuals). Scolopacidae (9 species, 57 individuals), Motacillidae (8 species, 29 individuals), and Muscicapidae (6 species, 75 individuals). According to this study, it was proven that Marado Island is used by lots of birds as a resting spot on their migration route, and as a habitat. If the birds in Marado Island are systematically researched, the migration route of birds and change of bird distribution due to climate change may be explained.

치마버섯균 유래의 베타글루칸에 대한 사료첨가제로서의 대식세포 기능 활성 및 유방암 세포주에서의 항암효능 효과

이진석(Jin-Seok Lee),이성호(Seung-Ho Lee),장용만(Yong-Man Jang),이종대(Jong-Dae Lee),이병희(Byoung-Hee Lee),정지윤(Ji-Youn Jung) 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.40 No.7

치마버섯에서 추출한 베타글루칸을 Raw 264.7 세포에 처치한 후 MTT assay로 측정한 결과 베타글루칸 400 ㎍/㎖까지에 의한 세포독성은 없었다. 대식세포의 활성능을 측정하기 위해서 Raw 264.7 세포에서 NO와 TNF-α의 생성을 측정하였다. 베타글루칸을 대식세포에 24시간 처리한 결과 대조군과 비교 시 NO와 TNF-α가 유의적으로 상승하였다. 이 결과 베타글루칸이 대식세포인 Raw 264.7 세포를 활성화시키는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 실험에 사용된 베타글루칸은 면역강화용 사료첨가제로서의 의미가 충분하다고 사료된다. MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포의 성장을 저해하는지 확인하기 위하여 MTT assay를 시행하였다. 400 ㎍/㎖ 베타글루칸을 48시간 처리한 결과 대조군과 비교 시 유방암세포의 성장이 유의적으로 억제하였다. 그리고 베타글루칸이 유방암 세포에서 성장 억제 효과를 알아보기 위해 누드마우스에 MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포를 접종하였다. 베타글루칸의 용량은 대조군(0 ㎍/mouse), 저용량(200 ㎍/mouse), 고용량(400 ㎍/mouse)으로 설정하여 누드마우스에 경구투여 하였다. 이 결과 저용량군(200 ㎍/mouse)이 고용량군 (400 ㎍/mouse)보다 항암효능이 더 많이 일어나는 것을 확인하였다. MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포주에서 베타글루칸이 종양 성장이 감소하였지만, 그 결과가 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않아 본 연구에서 사용한 용량에서는 베타글루칸이 MDA-MB-231 유방암 세포주에서 종양 성장을 유의적으로 억제하지 않는 것으로 사료된다. 조직병리학적 검사에서 독성이 무해한 것으로 판단되어 면역강화용 사료첨가제로 사용하여도 무방할 것으로 사료된다. β-Glucan is a polysaccharide expressed on the cell walls of fungi. It is known that β-glucan is recognized by a family of C-type lectin receptors, dectin-1, which is expressed mainly on myeloid immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Raw 264.7 cells were treated with β-glucan from Schizophyllum commune. β-Glucan was not cytotoxic up to 400 ㎍/㎖ as measured by MTT assay. To measure the activity of macrophages, NO and TNF-α assays were performed in Raw 264.7 cells. Treatment with β-glucan for 24hr significantly increased production of NO and TNF-α compared with control groups (p<0.05), indicating activation of macrophages. To measure inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation, MTT assay was performed in MDA-MB-231 cells. Cell viability was significantly decreased in the group treated with 400 ㎍/㎖ of β-glucan for 48 hr (p<0.05) compared to the control group. However, tumor volume was decreased in the groups administered 200 ㎍ of β-glucan/mouse compared to the control group. These results indicate that β-glucan inhibits breast cancer cell growth through the induction of apoptosis.

치마버섯을 이용한 진피 발효 배양물의 항산화 및 항염 효과

송민현 ( Min Hyeon Song ),배준태 ( Jun Tae Bae ),고현주 ( Hyun Ju Ko ),장용만 ( Yong Man Jang ),이종대 ( Jong Dae Lee ),이근수 ( Geun Soo Lee ),표형배 ( Hyeong Bae Pyo ) 대한화장품학회 2011 대한화장품학회지 Vol.37 No.4

감귤은 국내 및 동남아시아 지역에서 많이 즐기는 식품 중 하나이며, 이러한 감귤류의 껍질을 건조시킨 것을 진피라고 한다. 이러한 진피는 한방에서는 이뇨작용, 비장기능을 강화하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 천연 플라보노이드를 다량 함유하고 있어 학계에서 여러 분야로 연구가 되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 플라보노이드 배당체를 함유한 진피 추출물을 β-glucosidase 효소를 이용하여 아글리콘(aglycone)으로 변환 할 수 있도록 치마버섯 배양을 실시하였다. 진피 발효 배양액을 HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였으며, UVA에 의한 광손상 보호능을 섬유아세포를 이용하여 측정하였다. 진피 발효 배양액은 COX-2, LOX-5와 같은 항염증 관련 대사에도 관여하여 염증완화에도 도움을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 각질 형성세포를 이용한 interleukin-1α를 측정한 결과 진피발효배양액 처리군의 저해활성이 더 높았다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 진피발효 배양액은 피부에 대한 항염 및 항산화 효과가 우수한 것으로 사료된다. Citrus unshiu (C. unshiu) Markovich were dried peel of mandarin orange, of which fresh fruit was one of the famous foods in Korea and Eastern Asia. In the oriental medicine, C. unshiu peel was known to have a diuretic effect and to strengthen spleen function. Recently, natural flavonoids of C. unshiu peel have been investigated. In this study, C. unshiu peel extract containing flavonoid-glycosides was cultured with Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) mycelia producing β-glu- cosidase and its biological activities were investigated. β-glucosidase of S. commune mycelia converted the flavonoid-glycosides (rutin and hesperidin) into aglycones (naringenin and hesperetin). Fermented C. unshiu peel extract compounds were analyzed by HPLC system. The photoprotective potential of fermented C. unshiu peel extract was tested in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) exposed to UVA. Fermented C. unshiu peel extract extract also showed notable in vitro anti-inflammatory effect on cellular systems generating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) metabolites. Also, UVB-induced production of interleukin-1α in human HaCaT cells was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with fermented C. unshiu peel extract. These results suggest that fermented C. unshiu peel extract may mitigate the effects of photoaging in skin by reducing UV-induced adverse skin reaction.

당근(Daucus carota L.)의 細胞懸濁培養으로부터 “巨大體細胞胚”의 發生

鄭元重(Chung Wong Joong),閔成蘭(Min Sung Ran),梁承均(Yang Seung Gyun),李幸順(Lee Haeng Soon),張龍萬(Chang Yong Man),鄭卿熙(Jung Kyung Hee),劉長烈(Liu Jang Ryol) 한국원예학회 1989 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.7 No.2

전측두엽 치매 3례

김이영,김재경,이유리,서만길,우금석,장용이,김지혜,서연림,김상은,김도관 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

전측두엽 치매는 치매의 흔한 원인이며 알쯔하이머병과 구별되는 질환이다. 하지만 임상증상에서 인지기능의 현저한 장애가 나타나기 전에 사회적 기능과 인격의 붕괴가 서서히 일어나기 때문에 다른 정신과 질환으로 진단될 수도 있다. 저자들은 3례 전측두엽 치매를 보고하였다. 이 증례들은 전측두엽 치매를 임상 진단으로 고려할 만한 병력과 증상을 가지고 있고, 신경심리학 검사, 대뇌의 자기공명영상과 18F-FDG양성자방출단층촬영술 등의 검사에서 전형적인 전측두엽 치매의 소견을 보였다. 이러한 병력과 임상양상 그리고 객관적인 소견들은 임상에서 전측두엽 치매에 주의를 기울이고 적절하게 진단하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. Frontotemporal dementia is a common cause of dementia and distinguished from Alzheimer`s disease. Because its clinical symptoms are characterized by slow progressive social breakdown and change of personality before cognitive impairments become prominent, it may be diagosed as other psychiatric disease. We have presented three cases of frontotemporal dementia. They had typical clinical histories and symptoms which deserve to be considered frontotemporal dementia. They showed appropriate findings of frontotemporal dementia in the neuropsychological tests and brain imaging study with brain magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-FDGpositron emission tomography. Their clinical histories and findings are thought to be helpful for clinician to give attention to and diagnose frontotemporal dementia.