지식베이스 시스템에서 Object-oriented 개념을 이용한 지식표현에 관한 연구

임영석 中央大學校 1988 국내석사

활성산소종에 의한 DNA 손상에 대한 상황버섯과 홍삼 추출물의 효과

林永錫 翰林大學校 2004 국내석사

The effect of Phellinus linteus and red ginseng on the E, coli ColE1 plasmid DNA break and on the nuclear DNA damage of rat hepatocyte by reactive oxygen species was investigated in this study. The water extract and ethanol extract of Phellinus linteus inhibited the breaking of DNA strand induced by oxidative damage. Water fraction, n-butanol fraction and ethylacetate fraction of red ginseng inhibited DNA strand breaks by oxidative damage, but n-butanol fraction and ethylacetate fraction were more effective than others. It is likely that saponin as well as non-saponin components show an anti-oxidant activity. In reaction mix of Phellinus linteus water extract and red ginseng extract, inhibitory effect of DNA damage was observed. Nuclear DNA damage of rat hepatocyte by hydrogen peroxide was decreased by Phellinus linteus water extract, ethanol extract and red ginseng fractions. The reaction mix of Phellinus linteus water extract and red ginseng extract has synergistic inhibitory effect on nuclear DNA damage. These results suggest that Phellinus linteus water extract, ethanol extract and red ginseng fractions could be effective in cellular defense mechanism in vivo against to bacterial plasmid DNA damage and rat hepatocyte nuclear DNA damage by reactive oxygen species. It can be explained that the extract of natural products could scavenge directly hydrogen peroxide like catalase in the eucaryotic cell in vivo.

금속지붕 벗겨짐 방지를 위한 직접고정 시스템 연구

임영석 광운대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

시설물은 대형화, 경량화, 고층화되어 가고 형상 또한 다양해지면서 바 람의 영향을 크게 받는 건축물의 수가 증가하고 있고, 지붕과 같은 외장 재 설계에 적합한 풍하중 산정의 중요성이 커지고 있다. 그리고 체육관, 공연장, 격납고, 창고 등 최근 급속히 증가하고 있는 대공간 철골조 건축 물의 경우 태풍과 강풍으로 인해 지붕면의 손상이나 파괴 등의 피해가 자 주 발생하고 있다. 학문적인 검증 및 설계에 대한 규준 없이 수행되는 국내의 금속지붕 시스템은 심각한 손상 및 탈락사고가 반복적으로 발생되어 왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 바람에 의한 금속지붕의 대표적인 피해사례인 지붕 벗겨짐에 대한 피해사례를 분석하여 원인을 도출하고, 바람에 의한 지붕 피해 방지를 위한 금속지붕 연결재의 성능 개선을 제안하고 이를 검 증하고자 하였다. 기존에 금속지붕 연결재로 사용되고 있는 z-bar 시스템의 z-bar와 새 롭게 금속지붕 연결재의 성능을 개선한 직접고정 시스템의 직결 연결재에 대한 현장적용성과 비교와 MIDAS와 ABAQUS 해석을 통하여 탄성 해석 과 소성해석을 실시하여, 본 연구에서 제안한 직접고정 시스템의 우수성 을 증명하여 본 연구에서 제안한 직접고정 시스템을 검증하고자 하였다. 직접고정 시스템이 z-bar 시스템의 개선안으로 타탕성을 검증하기 위 해 ○○고등학교 체육관을 대상으로 현장 적용 시 경제성과 시공성을 비 교하였다. 경제성을 검토한 결과, 직접고정 시스템이 순수자재비에서 z-bar 시스템보다 약 46%의 비용 절감효과가 있었고, 단위면적당 자재비 측면에서는 약 2.2배의 경제성을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 시공성을 검토한 결과, 직접고정 시스템의 경우 z-bar 시스템보다 하중이 5.64배 가벼워 자 재 운반이 용이하고, 설치 시 활하중이 적어 안전한 설치가 가능하였다. 또한 직접고정 시스템이 z-bar 시스템보다 직결이음 설치 개소는 50% 절 감, 작업일수는 50% 공수 절감되는 효과가 있었다. 구조적 안전성을 검증하기 위해 선형해석 프로그램(MIDAS)과 비선형 유한요소 해석프로그램(ABAQUS)을 사용하여 직접고정 시스템과 z-bar 시스템을 비교하였다. 해석결과 직접고정 시스템은 상부 금속지붕 결속 프레임에서만 현저히 작은 변형이 발생하고 결속프레임을 고정하는 긴결 앵커가 박판인 철골 구조부재인 퍼린 상부에 직접 고정되어 인발 내력이 2배 정도로 커져 기존 z-bar 시스템보다 구조적인 안전성이 우수하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안한 직접고정 시스템이 z-bar 시스템보다 경제 적, 시공적, 구조적으로 우수함을 확인하였다. As facilities become larger, lighter, and higher-rise and their shapes are diversified, the number of buildings that are greatly affected by wind is increasing, and the importance of estimating wind loads suitable for designing exterior materials such as roofs is increasing. Also, in the case of large-space steel-framed buildings, which are rapidly increasing in recent years, such as gymnasiums, performance halls, hangars, and warehouses, damage or destruction of roof surfaces frequently occurs due to typhoons and strong winds. The domestic metal roof system, which is performed without academic verification and design standards, has repeatedly suffered serious damage and fallout accidents. Therefore, in this study, the cause was derived by analyzing the damage case of roof peeling, which is a representative damage case of the metal roof caused by the wind, and the performance improvement of the metal roof connecting material to prevent the roof damage caused by the wind was proposed and verified. The field applicability and comparison of the z-bar of the existing z-bar system used as a metal roof connection material and the direct connection material of the direct fixing system, which has improved the performance of the new metal roof connection material, and elastic analysis and plastic analysis through MIDAS and ABAQUS analysis to prove the superiority of the direct fixation system proposed in this study, and to verify the direct fixation system proposed in this study. In order to verify the feasibility of the direct fixing system as an improvement plan for the z-bar system, economic feasibility and constructability were compared when applied to the gymnasium of ○ ○ high school. As a result of examining the economic feasibility, it was found that the direct fixing system had a cost reduction effect of about 46% compared to the z-bar system in terms of net material cost, and had about 2.2 times the economic efficiency in terms of material cost per unit area. As a result of examining the constructability, in the case of the direct fixing system, the load was 5.64 times lighter than that of the z-bar system, making it easy to transport materials and safe installation due to the low live load during installation. In addition, the direct fixing system had the effect of reducing the number of direct joints by 50% and the number of working days by 50% compared to the z-bar system. In order to verify structural safety, the direct fixed system and the z-bar system were compared using the linear analysis program (MIDAS) and the nonlinear finite element analysis program (ABAQUS). As a result of the analysis, the direct fixation system exhibits significantly small deformation only in the upper metal roof binding frame, and the long anchor fixing the binding frame is directly fixed to the top of the purlin, a thin steel structural member, so that the pull-out strength is twice as large as the existing z-bar system. More structural safety was excellent. Therefore, it was confirmed that the direct fixing system proposed in this study is economically, constructively, and structurally superior to the z-bar system.

바른생활과 수업에 대한 자기장학 실행연구

임영석 대구교육대학교 교육대학원 2011 국내석사

Self-Supervison Action Research on the "Good Life" Subject Instructions Lim, Young Seok Curriculum and Instruction, Major Department of Elementary Education Graduate School of Education Daegu National University of Education (Supervised by Professor Cho, Young Nam) (Abstract) One of the effort for good instruction is the supervision in the field of education. The types of supervision are clinical supervision, peer supervision, self-supervision, informal supervision and self-training etc. Learning could be more meaningful when the learner's motivation caused significantly. So a lot of educational researches and efforts have being conducted on self-directed learning. Likewise, the supervision also could be more efficient when teachers want to improve their instruction. In this point, the self-supervision could be the most desirable type among various forms of supervision. Therefore in this study, the self-supervision was conducted to improve 'Good life' subject instructions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of 'Good life' instructions in the planning, practice, and reflection processes of self-supervision. The researcher has come up with the following purposes. (1) What is the improvements of the 'Good life' instructions by self-supervison? (2) What are the unresolved problems of the 'Good life' instructions by self-supervison? To solve these questions, the action research was selected as a method. The subjects in this study were the researcher's own 9 period of 'Good life' instruction(1st grade class in elementary). 4 instructions were consulted by mentors in the way of participatory observation and 2 instructions were consulted by cyber mentor through teaching video file. Conclusions obtained from the results are as follows: First, the formal aspects and contents of the plans for teaching-learning was changed by mentor's advices. Second, the positive changes were occurred in the researcher's understanding the curriculum of the 'Good life' subject instruction, curriculum reconstruction, making good educational environment for 'Good life' instruction and the better writing on the blackboard. Third, the action research could contribute to the improvement of the 'Good life' instructions and the professionalism of teachers. Fourth, cyber consulting is useful to self-supervision. In reality, it's not easy for school's mentor to observe mentee's instructions directly. It could be a good alternative for cyber mentor to analyse mentee's teaching video file through internet.

금속지붕의 형태에 따른 누수 안전성 연구

임영석 연세대학교 공학대학원 2015 국내석사

근대에서 개발된 지붕판금공사의 돌출이음 공법이 현대에서도 그대로 사용되는 문제점에서 본 연구를 시작하게 되었다. 우선 금속지붕공사의 기원을 설명하였고 사용되는 기본적인 공법에 대하여 설명하여 금속지붕공사의 전반적인 이해를 도와 설명하였으며 사용환경에 대한 공법설명들을 부연하였다. 본문에서는 금속지붕 공사의 25mm 돌출이음의 원형은 최소 30도 이상 45도정도의 슬로프를 갇는 지붕에서 사용되던 공법이었으나 현대의 포밍머신(forming machine)의 개발로 인하여 15도 미만의 금속지붕에서 10m 이상의 길이를 갇고 시공되는 점이 집중호우로 인한 넘침이나 갑작스런 돌발상황이 생기면 누수의 주요원인이 되고 있다는 문제점을 파악하고 몇가지 현장의 예를 들어 설명하였다. 15m 내외의 15도 이상의 경사각을 가진 금속지붕은 25mm 돌출이음으로도 가능하지만 20m에서 50m의 길이를 갇는 중형체육관지붕등에서는 그 위험성이 상당하여 65mm zip system을 사용하나 그때의 자재 소모성이나 가공성 부족 중장비의 사용증가로 인한 공사비 증가를 설명하여 본연구의 목적인 65mm zip 과 25mm 돌출이음사이의 중간형태의 돌출연결이음을 개발하려 하였고 시제품을 개발하여 그 사용성을 증명하려 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 금속지붕의 돌출이음공법의 구조적인 문제와 이로 인한 누수 안전성을 고려하여, 소규모 주택 등에 주로 사용되는 25mm 돌출이음방식과 대형금속지붕에 사용되는 65mm zip방식의 문제점을 진단하고, 이를 보완한 새로운 형태의 돌출이음방식을 제시하고자 한다. 25mm 돌출이음의 담수화의 문제를 해결하고 65mm의 과도한 골높이로 인한 자재소모량 절약과 가공성, 시공성을 향상시켜 중규모 지붕폭(span) 20∼80m 구간에서 적용할 수 있는 새로운 40mm 돌출이음에 대한 대안을 제시하고자 하였다.

대구광역시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 명암(明暗)

임영석 대구교육대학교 교육대학원 2021 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the DMOE’s(Daegu Metropolitan Office of Education) policy on the creativity education during the past 20 years has been carried out, and to evaluate its process and results. To complete the study’s objective, this study uses documents analysis and interview as the research method. The followings are specific research questions explored in the study. Firstly, what are the positive aspects(the light) on the DMOE’s policy on creativity education? Secondly, what are the negative aspects(the shade) on the DMOE’s policy on creativity education? Thirdly, what are the implications and alternatives of the DMOE’s policy on creativity education? With regard to the first research question, this study found ‘congruency’, ‘continuity’, ‘systematicity’, ‘specificity’, and ‘validity’ as positive aspects of DMOE’s policy on creativity education. With regard to the second research question, this study found followings: First, the DMOE failed to realize the plan to develop a tool for measuring creativity. Furthermore, between school administrators and teachers, there existed gaps in satisfaction level for each concrete project and perception on the factors that restricted proper implementation of the DMOE’s policy on creativity education. With regard to the third research question, based on the results of this study, followings are discussed. Firstly, the gap in perception between school administrators and teachers is inevitable in the course of implementation of educational policies. Due to this, it is crucial to constantly revise them based on reality to solve this problem. Secondly, as a suggestion of the DMOE’s creativity education policy for the past 20 years, it was discussed that the direction of policy should be placed on the expression of students' everyday creativity through daily classroom classes. Finally, the meaning of 'question' in creativity education and the necessity of introducing 'classroom with questions' as an alternative to DMOE’s creativity education were examined. The practical contribution and limitation of this study are followings. One of practical contributions of this study is that it provides a basic understanding and evaluation of the DMOE's creativity education policy from 2001-20 through an overview and analysis of pros and cons. This could be used as basic data for improving the DMOE’s creativity education policy. This study also provides organized data on the DMOE’s creativity education policy for the past 20 years despite the DMOE has not published a white paper on the creativity education policy. On the other hand, since this study aimed to evaluate through an overview of the DMOE’s creativity education policy, it has a limitation in specifically dealing with cases of creative instruction and evaluation. Another limitation to the study is that it collected data through a small number of interviewees because it conducted interviews to supplement the literature analysis as the main research method. 본 연구는 2001~2020년의 대구광역시교육청(이하 대구시교육청)의 창의성 교육 정책의 전개 과정을 되돌아보고, 그에 대한 명암(明暗)을 평가하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책에 대한 문헌 분석과 면담을 통해 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 목적에 따라 본 연구는 다음과 같은 세 가지 연구 문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 명(明)은 무엇인가? 둘째, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 암(暗)은 무엇인가? 셋째, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 시사점과 대안은 무엇인가? 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫 번째 연구 결과는 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 명(明)은 정합성, 지속성, 체계성, 구체성 및 타당성의 다섯 가지로 나타났다. 두 번째 연구 결과에 따르면, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 암(暗)은 두 가지로 나타났다. 우선, 대구시교육청이 창의성 측정 도구 개발 계획을 실현하지 못한 점이다. 둘째, 2002~2008년의 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 실태 조사에 대한 분석에서 사업별 만족도와 장애 요인에 대해 관리자와 교사 간 인식의 차이가 지속된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 탐색한 세 번째 연구 결과에서는, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 시사점과 대안이 논의되었다. 우선, 교육 정책의 집행 과정에서 관리자와 교사 간의 인식의 차이는 불가피하다는 점과 이를 해결하기 위해 현실에 맞게 끊임없이 수정해 나가는 작업이 필요하다는 점이 논의되었다. 둘째, 지난 20년간 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 시사점으로 일상적인 교실 수업을 통해 학생의 일상적인 창의성의 발휘에 정책의 방향성을 두어야 한다는 점이 논의되었다. 마지막으로, 창의성 교육에서 ‘질문’의 의미와, 대구시교육청 창의성 교육의 대안으로 ‘질문이 있는 교실’의 도입의 필요성을 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 의의와 한계를 지닌다. 우선, 본 연구는 2001~2020년의 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 개관과 명암의 분석을 통해 그에 대한 기초적 이해와 평가 작업을 했다는 데에 의의가 있다. 이는 추후 대구 창의성 교육 정책에 대한 방안을 모색할 때 기초자료로 유용할 수 있다. 둘째, 본 연구는 대구시교육청이 그간의 창의성 교육 정책에 대한 별도의 백서를 발간하지 않았기 때문에, 지난 20년간의 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책에 대한 자료들을 수집, 정리하여 기록화했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 한편, 본 연구는 대구시교육청 창의성 교육 정책의 개관을 통한 평가를 목적으로 하였기에 창의성 교육에 대한 수업과 평가에 대해 구체적으로 다루지 않은 한계를 지닌다. 그리고 본 연구는 주 연구 방법인 문헌 분석의 보완을 위해 면담을 수행하였기에 소수의 면담자를 통해 자료를 수집했다는 점에서 한계를 지닌다.

아파트형공장 건축의 현황 및 건축계획 개선방향에 관한 연구

임영석 연세대학교 공학대학원 2003 국내석사

한 국가의 경제를 주도하는 산업사회구조 변천은 한 분야가 아닌 사회전체에 큰 변화와 영향을 준다. 인구의 과밀화와 대도시 집중화 그리고 환경보호 측면에서 규제를 받으며 활동 기반이자 지원수단이기도 한 공장부지와 자가공장 확보의 어려움 또한 소규모 공장의 무질서한 난립으로 인한 사회적인 문제등의 해결방안으로 아파트형공장을 출현시키게 되었다. 초기 아파트형공장은 중소제조업체의 생산, 가공, 조립 등을 할 수 있는 순수공장산업에 기초한 개념, 기능, 건축, 설비, 환경 등을 갖추어 출발하였으나, 오늘날 산업사회구조는 정보통신, 디지털, 소프트웨어, 벤처산업 등의 지적 산업으로 변하게 되어 자연히 오피스형태의 고층화, 고밀화된 환경을 가진 사무공간 주류의 아파트형공장으로 변모하게 되었다. 이러한 산업사회구조 변천에 따라서 지어진 국내 아파트형공장의 현황 및 사례를 분석하여, 향후 최첨단 산업 구조화에 부응할수 있는 건축계획적인 개선방향, 즉 입지, 배치, 평면, 입면, 구조, 설비 등을 제시하고자 하는 것이 본 논문의 목적이다. 따라서 현재 입주자들이 사용하고 있는 수도권내 아파트형공장 10개소를 2000년대 이전과 2000년대 이후로 임의 선택, 분류하여 기본적인 자료와 도면을 검토한 후 각 공장별로 현장방문 및 건축요소별 현황특성을 분석하여 정리하였다. 이상과 같은 방법을 통해 다음과 같은 내용으로 요약하여 결론을 유출하게 되었다. 1) 인적, 물적 이동이 편리한 교통편의 시설과 금융 및 조세감면을 받을수 있는 법적 제도장치 그리고 노동력과 정보를 공유할 수 있는 사회간접시설 등의 입지계획이 필요하며, 2) 대지중앙에 건물을 배치하여 전면부에 옥외공간과 휴게시설을 두고 후면부에 하역장과 주차시설을 계획하고 명쾌하게 구분된 보차구분을 선택하여 원활한 동선을 주도하며, 보다 편리하고 효율적인 작업환경을 위해 가변성 있는 로딩데크 시스템의 하역장을 배치계획한다. 3) 사무공간과 주차시설에 적합한 7.8M×9.0M의 기둥모듈로 단위조합해 나가고, 이용자분산을 위한 양측코아와 효율적인 기능위주의 폭3.6M 이상의 중복도형을 선택하되, 가급적 편복도형을 추천하며, 입주자들을 배려한 각종 편의시설과 후생복리시설이 요구되며, 또한 적극적인 옥상공간의 활용으로 가능하면 주차시설 보다는 조경식재가 있는 휴게공간과 운동시설을 적극 계획하며, 인지성과 방향성이 있는 주출입구와 여러 가지 고유기능과 함께 공공기능을 겸할수 있는 주현관의 평면계획이 필요하다. 4) 미래형 도시 사회를 주도할 수 있는 하이테크한 건축마감재료를 개발해서 다양한 입면형태를 소화시켜주며, 공공성있는 하나의 건축물로서 독창성있는 건축적 언어표현과 일관성있는 입면형태와 함께 부분적인 건축요소별이 아닌 건물 전체에서 뿜어져 나오는 상징성있는 아파트형공장의 입면계획이 필요하며, 5) 아파트형공장의 특성과 기능에 조화를 이룰수 있도록 안전성, 경제성, 사용성, 시공성에 적합한 주요구조를 선택하되 대형공간을 계획할 수 있는 복합적인 구조 시스템도 고려하며, 6) 입주자들의 쾌적한 근무조건과 환경개선에 기초를 둔 환경 친화적이고도 미래지향적인 기계, 전기 설비시스템을 선택해야 한다. 아파트형공장은 현재 수도권과 서울 디지털밸리를 중심으로 그 중요성과 가능성을 인정받아 하루가 다르게 변화되고 있으며 그에 따른 많은 것들을 또한 요구하고 있다. 본 연구는 아파트형 공장의 건축적인 여러 가지 특성과 현황 및 문제점등을 조사, 분석하였으나 그 방법 및 대상에 있어서 많은 한계점을 가지고 있으므로, 향후 지속적이고도 창조적인 연구 개발이 이루어진다면 아파트형공장 건축의 기준 설정에 큰 도움이 될 것이라 사료된다. Changes of the Industrial society structure dictating a nation's economy affect the entire society greatly. Meanwhile, it has been much difficult to find the factory sites or own the factories, namely bases for industrial activities, due to concentration of population in metropolitan cities and concern about the environmental preservation, while flooding small-scale factories cause a serious social problem. In order to solve such problems, an apartment type factory model has been suggested. Earlier apartment type factories designed for small businesses engaged in production, processing or assembling based on the concept of a pure factory industry in terms of functions, architecture, facilities and environment. Today, however, as the industrial society structure is dictated by information/communication, digital, software, venture business and other knowledge-based industry, the apartment type factories become high-rising to accommodate dense office spaces. Under such circumstances, this study was aimed at analyzing the conditions and cases of domestic apartment type factors built to reflect the changed industrial society structure and thereby, suggesting some reform measures for their building plans in terms of location, layout, elevation, structure and facilities. To this end, 10 apartment type factories built before and after 2000 and used currently were sampled randomly, and thereupon, their basic data and drawings were reviewed. The researcher visited each of the apartment type factories personally to analyze the characteristics of their building elements. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1) It is required of the site plan to find the sites supported by convenient traffic systems, take advantage of financial and tax incentives and review the social infrastructures allowing for sharing of labor and information. 2) It is desirable to lay out a building on the center of the site, an outdoor space and lobby on the front, a parking and loading/unloading deck on the rear part, and divide the pedestrians' route from the vehicle route for smooth circulation, and plan a versatile loading deck system for convenient and efficient working conditions. 3) It is also necessary to use a 7.8 x 9.0 M column module for office space and parking facilities, while adopting an overlapping diagram of 3.6M or wider for the cores on both sides in order to distribute the users and enhance the functions. In this regard, a sided corridor type is highly recommendable. In addition, various amenities and welfare facilities need to be installed for users, and the rooftop space should be made use of for a landscaped recess and sports facilities rather than parking lot. Moreover, the main entrance should be well recognizable and oriented, while the main portico should play some public roles as well as its own role. 4) Furthermore, it is necessary to develop high-tech finishing materials to create diverse elevations and express unique tectonic languages to feature the building as a public facility, and plan the elevation to look symbolic rather than plan each architectural element separately. 5) It is desirable to adopt a main structure which will be in harmony with the characteristics and functions of the apartment type factory and which will be stable, economic, functional and constructable, and take into consideration a complex structural system. 6) It is essential to select pro-environmental, futuristic machine and electric systems for comfortable working conditions and environment. Currently, the apartment type factories are being built in the capital area and Seoul Digital Valley, as their importance and potential are recognized. For efficient apartment type factories, many other requirements than those discussed above may be fulfilled. Although this study surveyed and analyzed various tectonic conditions and problems for the apartment type factories, it seems to be limited in terms of its methodology and scope. In this regard, it is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies which will suggest some creative insights into the apartment type factories to set the criteria for the apartment type factories.

학교 실내목질화가 학습환경 개선과 탄소중립사회 기여에 미치는 영향

임영석 忠南大學校 大學院 2022 국내박사

The climate crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic are creating new changes in life that we have not experienced so far. It is time for us to participate in a life that minimizes carbon emissions to be a carbon-neutral society, and to find a better way for increasing immune system in daily life. This study proved that indoor wood remodeling in school can improve classroom environment and support the need to further apply these projects for a carbon neutral-society. First, research papers were reviewed and categorized by applying the scoping review method, and analysis of the elements and priorities necessary for indoor wood remodeling was conducted through an expert survey consisting of forest healing, wood science, and indoor wood remodeling beneficiaries. There are many studies on the effect of wood that show a positive psychological, physiological, and mental effect on the human body. In addition, an expert opinion survey confirmed that indoor wood users value sensory elements such as color, pattern, tactile and olfaction of wood itself, and that indoor wood remodeling will help improve the indoor environment from various perspectives by increasing the frequency of wood exposure. This study checked the preferred tree type and spatial preference type for students and faculty members(adults) who are school users to promote indoor wood remodeling in school. In the preference survey according to the sensory test, both students and adults showed high preference for hinoki cypress, and the main reason was the bright color of hinoki cypress, based on which visual factors were found to be the top priority in determining indoor wood remodeling. However, in the case of index of woodenness, the pre-preference survey using images showed high preference to the mid-level index of woodenness as in previous studies, but the empirical study showed high satisfaction with 100% index of woodenness. Therefore, it seems necessary to further study the appropriate rate of woodenness in the actual living space. As in previous studies, the effect of improving indoor air quality showed temporary increase in formaldehyde and TVOC due to remodeling. It can be managed within the standard criteria, and it can be confirmed that it decreases naturally as time goes. Through a follow-up study comparing remodeling spaces using other materials and wood, it will be necessary to reveal the effect of improving indoor air quality on indoor wood remodeling spaces remodeled with wood. This study compared the increase in NVOC through the experimental group and the control group. This is meaningful in that spatial comparison studies were attempted under similar conditions, considering that NVOC detected at high rates in two experimental groups, were found to be effective in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pain, anxiety, depression, bacterial growth, cognitive function and emotional recovery. As a result of study on the satisfaction of indoor wood remodeling, it showed greater satisfaction with the olfactory elements that continuously distributed good scents than the visual elements that influenced wood decisions in preference. In addition, the higher the satisfaction of indoor wood remodeling, the higher the intention to expand in the future, so it can be seen that it is necessary to implement projects well. The emotional evaluation confirmed that the classroom where students spend most of their time in school is expected to be the most familiar and comfortable space, but the indoor wood remodeling space is evaluated as a warmer and more comfortable. Indoor wood remodeling of school facilities using domestic wood can reduce greenhouse gas for carbon neutral society by improving carbon storage and energy efficiency. Industry-related analysis also shows that financial input to indoor wood remodeling projects is similar effect of an increase of 5% rate of domestic wood. This study can be proposed as follows. First, it is necessary to promote a follow-up study that conducts research in the actual space such as recreational forests and forest center for forest activities are built. Second, considering the preference and satisfaction of indoor wood remodeling, it can be expected that the use of species such as bright colors and hinoki cypresses will be concentrated if the project expands. Therefore, it is necessary to discover additional species that can reflect the needs of indoor wood remodeling users. Third, it is an indoor air quality survey through indoor wood remodeling of the same size with other materials. As indoor air quality changes according to various environmental factors, systematic verification of the effectiveness of wood will be required by minimizing control. Fourth, it is an NVOC standard study in indoor air quality management. In the space made of wood, a considerable amount of NVOC exists among all TVOC. Therefore, it will be necessary to study the preparation of separate standards for proper NVOC management for wood space. Fifth, research on physical and mental effectiveness verification for indoor wood remodeling users should also be conducted. Finally, a more systematic industry-related analysis will be needed to prove the government's need for fiscal input into indoor wood remodeling. Prior to industrialization, wood had been used in various fields. The use of wood has recently been highlighted in that it not only stores carbon but also has a positive psychological and physiological effect on the human body. Hunase Shunsuke(2012) emphasized the excellence of the wood environment while comparing the concrete and wood environment based on various scientific studies and findings. Since the advantages of concrete cannot be abandoned in reality, he emphasized that the school should be indoor wood remodeling instead of new construction of concrete to find warmth and laughter for children and teachers. According to Article 31 of the Constitution in Korea, education is the duty of the state and the rights of the people, and the school building space is the most important facility among various facilities in the state(Kim Jinwook, 2020). In addition, the indoor air quality of school classrooms should be of interest to the state in consideration of the importance of student groups responsible for the future of the country as an indoor environment with a public concept(Yang Wonho, 2014). In Korea, most children have to stay in the school space for 12 years. Since the expansion of indoor wood remodeling in school facilities provides a better environment using wood, which is a nature-friendly material, various positive effects can be expected in terms of universal welfare for growing children. In particular, if it is difficult to wood the entire school, a great effect can be expected if the public health room proven in the empirical study of this study or the public space used by many students is indoor wood remodeling. As the number of students decreases with the entry into a low birth rate society, the number of classrooms available to students in schools decreases, so creating an indoor wood remodeling can be expected to have various effects compared to cost. For example, if an empty classroom is indoor wood remodeling to educate nature-friendly programs such as forest education and wood education, it can be of great help in purifying children's emotions. As such, indoor wood remodeling of school facilities will be a good opportunity to help children and faculty living in school for a long time a day, increase educational effects, and provide stable supply and demand for carbon neutral society and promote for domestic wood industry. In addition, as in previous studies that determine the form and content of family life(Chae Kyungsun and Hwang Hyunjoo, 2014), students' high satisfaction in verifying the effectiveness of indoor wood remodeling is expected to play a positive role in wood use in remodeling living spaces at home in the future. There will be a possibility that the indoor wood remodeling of school facilities can expand to wood remodeling projects in the private sector. The Korean government announced green schools and spatial innovation aimed at low-carbon zero energy as a strategy, saying it will invest a total of 18.5 trillion won over five years from 2021 to turn 2,835 old buildings into future schools(Ministry of Education, 2020). If future schools planned for green smart schools is wooded or wooded indoors, school facilities for public goods will be able to effectively contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, it will be able to provide a more pleasant environment for growing children in the future generation during life growth.

상악골 열성장과 하악골 과성장의 감별진단에 관한 두부 방사선학적 연구

임영석 조선대학교 1991 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to compare, analyse and easily detect the differance in skeletal characteristics between normal group and class Ⅲ group (undergrowth of maxilla & overgrowth of mandible). The author analyzed the cephalometric roentgenograms of 50 normal group & 60 class Ⅲ group (30 undergrowth of maxilla & 30 overgrowth of mandible) taken from adult. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In cephalometric measurements of N-Pog-XI, Ba-N-Pog, Io-N-Pog & MP -AB, there were statistically significant differances between normal group and class Ⅲ group caused by undergrowth of maxilla or overgrowth of mandible. 2. The combination index of N-Pog-XI + MP-AB + Io-N-Pog showed skeletal characteristics between undergrowth of maxilla and overgrowth of mandible in class Ⅲ groups. 3. In the normal group the value of N-Pog-XI + MP-AB + Io-N-Pog was obtained. 4. In the class Ⅲ group in undergrowth of maxilla the value of N-Pog-XI + MP- AB + Io-N-Pog was obtained. 5. In the class Ⅲ group in overgrowth of mandible the value of N-Pog-XI + MP-AB + Io-N-Pog was obtained.

한국형 덴마크 에프터스콜레의 교육경험을 통한 학생들의 진로탐색 및 삶의 태도 변화에 관한 질적 사례 연구

임영석 한양대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

본 연구는 한국형 덴마크 에프터스콜레인 K학교의 교육경험을 통해 학생들의 진로탐색 및 삶의 태도 변화에 대해서 알아보는 질적 사례 연구이다. 현재 우리나라의 교육은 학생들의 적성과 흥미를 충분히 고려하여 학생들이 학교생활을 통해서 자신의 진로를 탐색하고 발견하는 데에는 많은 한계점들이 드러나고 있다. 또한 우리나라의 교육은 학생들이 교육과정 결정에 참여할 수 없고 입시위주의 주입식 교육으로 인해 학생들이 수업에 주체적으로 참여하기 어렵다. 이러한 교육 환경은 시험과 성적 그리고 입시라는 틀 안에서 이루어지기 때문에 학생들의 직접적인 삶으로 이어지지 못하고 삶과 유리되어진 교육에 미치고 있는 실정이다. 학생들은 학교생활을 통해서 자존감을 세우고 수업과 학교 내에서의 생활을 주체적으로 이끌어 나가며, 학교라는 공동체 안에서 자기 자신만이 아닌 타인을 배려하고 인정하는 공동체적 삶을 배워 나가는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 이에 대한 대안으로 한국형 덴마크 에프터스콜레인 K학교의 교육경험을 통한 질적 사례 연구를 통해서 학생들이 1년이라는 시간을 통해서 자신의 진로를 탐색하고 삶의 태도에 있어서 어떠한 변화가 일어나는지 탐색하였다. 본 논문의 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국형 덴마크 에프터스콜레의 교육경험은 학생들의 진로탐색에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는가? 둘째, 한국형 덴마크 에프터스콜레의 교육경험을 통해서 학생들에게 나타난 삶의 태도 변화는 무엇인가? 이러한 연구문제를 바탕으로 연구 참여 학교 및 연구 참여자를 선정하여 질적 사례 연구를 통해서 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 에프터스콜레의 교육경험이 학생들의 진로탐색에 미치는 영향에 대한 영역에서는 다양한 방향 설정을 통해서 학생들에게 진로탐색이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 학생들은 서로 배우는 모둠활동, 다양한 분야의 전문가로부터 배우는 진로특강, 다양한 동아리활동, 과정 중심의 교육과정, 이동학교 참여, 프로젝트 수업, 민주시민 교육 등 다양한 교육과정을 통해서 진로탐색이 이루진 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교육과정 선정에 있어서 주체적인 참여와 교육활동 참여를 통한 진로탐색에서는 학교 교육과정 선정에 학생참여와 학생 주도적 교육활동이 학생들의 진로탐색에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 학생들이 진로탐색에 대해 경험한 어려움으로는 다양한 방향설정이란 그늘아래 가려진 진로탐색을 들 수 있다. 이러한 어려움으로는 자신의 욕구 충족과 흥미에 그칠 수 있는 교육과정 참여, 단순한 여행에 그칠 수 있는 이동학교 참여, 꿈과 목표가 없이는 진로탐색에 무디어 지는 학생들이 발생하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 에프터스콜레의 교육경험을 통한 학생들의 성장에 있어서는 학생들이 관계성 개발을 통해 자존감이 형성되고, 정형화된 틀에서 벗어나 사고의 유연화가 형성되며, 기다림의 인내를 통해 성장하는 아이들로의 변화가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 학생들이 경험한 어려움으로는 자의성과 타의성이 공존하는 교육활동과 쉼과 삶을 되돌아 볼 수 있는 여유 뒤에 숨겨진 조급함이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 공동체 의식의 함양을 통해 상대방을 이해하는 주체적인 공동체 생활로의 변화 영역에서는 공동체 의식의 함양을 통한 삶을 위한 교육의 장을 통해 상대방을 이해하는 학생으로의 변화와 주체적인 학교생활로의 변화가 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 학생들이 경험한 어려움으로는 자의성과 타의성이 공존하는 교육활동, 쉼과 삶을 되돌아 볼 수 있는 여유 뒤에 숨겨진 조급함, 공동체 생활에서의 적응에 대한 어려움을 통해서 낯설고 새로운 환경과 관계 속에서 찾아오는 갈등과 고민, 교우 관계에서의 어려움 등을 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 주제어 : 에프터스콜레, 진로탐색, 질적 사례 연구 This study is a qualitative case study examining the change of students' career exploration and life attitudes through the educational experience of the Korean-style Danish efterskole K school. currently, education in korea has many limitation in allowing students to explore and discover their own career paths through school life by fully considering the aptitudes and interests of students. In addition, in korea's education, students cannot participate in the decision of the curriculum, and it is difficult for students to participate independently in the class due to the entrance exam-oriented education. Because such an educational environment is made within the framework of exams, grades, and entrance exams, it does not directly lead to students' lives, but affects the education that is separated from their lives. It is necessary for students to build self-esteem through school life, to lead classes and school life independently, and to learn a community life that considers and acknowledges not only themselves but others in the school community. Therefore, as an alternative to this, this study explored what kind of changes occur in students' careers and attitudes toward life through a qualitative case study through the educational experience of the Korean-style Danish efterskole K school. The research questions of this paper are as follows. First, how is the educational experience of Korean-style Danish efterskole affecting students' career exploration? Second, what are the changes in attitudes toward life shown to students through the educational experience of Korean-style Danish efterskole? Based on these research questions, the following conclusions could be obtained through a qualitative case study by selecting the research participating schools and research participants. First, in the field of the effect of efterskole's educational experience on students' career exploration, it was found that career exploration was made for students through various direction setting. specifically, it is said that the career exploration was accomplished through various educational programs such as group activities where students learn from each other, career special lectures from experts in various field, various club activities, course-oriented curriculum, mobile school participation, project classes, and democratic citizenship education. appear. In addition, it was found that student participation in school curriculum selection and student-led educational activities affect students' career exploration in career exploration through participation in curriculum selection and educational activities. One of the difficulties that students experienced in career search is career hidden under the shadow of setting various directions. These difficulties are found to be occurring among the students who participate in a curriculum that can only satisfy their need and interests, participate in a mobile school that can only go on a simple trip, and become dull in their career exploration without dreams and goals. Second, in the growth of students through the educational experience of efterskole, self-esteem is formed through the development of relationships, flexibility in thinking is formed out of the stereotyped framework, and the change into children who grow through patience of waiting appeared to have The difficulties experienced by the students were found to be an educational activity in which arbitrariness and otherness coexist, and the impatience hidden behind the opportunity to rest and reflect on life. Finally, in the field of change to an independent community life that understands the other through the cultivation of a sense of community, the change into a student who understands the other person through the educational arena for life through the cultivation of a sense of community and the independent school life change appeared to have taken place. The difficulties experienced by students include educational activities in which arbitrariness and unwillingness coexist, the impatience hidden behind rest and time to reflect on life, and the conflict that arises in unfamiliar and new environments and relationships through difficulties in adapting to community life. It was found that they experienced difficulties in relationships with friends and family. keywords : Efterkole, Career Exploration, Qualitative Case Study