기니픽 심근의 수축력과 세포내 Na⁺ 활성도에 미치는 α₁-Adrenergic 수용체 자극효과

김진상(Jin Sang Kim),강형섭(Hyung Sub Kang),채수완(Soo Wan Chae),이진옥(Chin Ok Lee) 대한약리학회 1996 대한약리학잡지 Vol.32 No.2

Myocardial α₁-Adrenoceptors have been shown to mediate a biphaslc inotropic response that was characterized by a transient decline followed by a sustained increasing phase in guinea pig ventricular muscle. Recently one group reported that an α₁-Adrenoceptors-induced intracellular Na⁺ decrease is linked to fast Na⁺ channel inhibition and another group reported that it is linked to Na⁺-K⁺ pump activation by α_1b-adrenoceptors. But until now, its mechanism is not clear. Therefore, to see whether the Na⁺channel or Na⁺-K⁺ pump is related to a decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity and/or the negative inotropic response, and which α₁-Adrenoceptor subtype was involved in the decrease in intracellular Na⁺activity by phenylephrine, we used conventional and sodium selective microelectrodes, and tension transducer to determine the effects of α₁-adrenergic stimulation on membrane potential, intracellular Na⁺ activity, and twitch force in guinea pig ventricular muscles. 10^-5 M Phenylephrine produced a slight hyperpolarization of the diastolic membrane potential, a decrease or increase in a_{Nⁱ_a}, and a biphasic inotropic response. The negative inotropic response accompanied by a decrease in intracellular Na⁺activity, whereas in muscles showing a remarkable positive inotropic response without initial negative inotropic effect was accompanied by an increase in intracellular Na⁺ activity. The decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity was apparently inhibited by WB4101, an antagonist of the α_1a-adrenoceptors. The decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity caused by phenylephrine was not abolished or reduced by a block of the fast Na⁺ channels. V_max also was not affected by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine produced an increase in intracellular Na⁺ activity in the presence of a high concentration of extracellular Ca²⁺ (in quiescent muscle) or phorbol dibutyrate, a protein kinase C activator(in beating muscle). These suggest that the α_1a-adrenoceptors-mediated decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity may be related to the protein kinase C.

기니픽 심근의 수축력과 세포내 $Na^+$ 활성도에 미치는 ${\alpha}_1-Adrenergic$ 수용체 자극효과

김진상,강형섭,채수완,이진옥,Kim, Jin-Sang,Kang, Hyung-Sub,Chae, Soo-Wan,Lee, Chin-Ok 대한약리학회 1996 대한약리학잡지 Vol.32 No.2

Myocardial ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptors$ have been shown to mediate a biphaslc inotropic response that was characterized by a transient decline followed by a sustained increasing phase in guinea pig ventricular muscle. Recently one group reported that an ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptors-induced$ intracellular $Na^+$ decrease is linked to fast $Na^+$ channel inhibition and another group reported that it is linked to $Na^+$-$K^+$ pump activation by ${\alpha}_{1b}-adrenoceptors$. But until now, its mechanism is not clear. Therefore, to see whether the $Na^+$channel or $Na^+-K^+$ pump is related to a decrease in intracellular $Na^+$ activity and/or the negative inotropic response, and which ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptor$ subtype was involved in the decrease in intracellular $Na^+$activity by phenylephrine, we used conventional and sodium selective microelectrodes, and tension transducer to determine the effects of ${\alpha}_1-adrenergic$ stimulation on membrane potential, intracellular $Na^+$ activity, and twitch force in guinea pig ventricular muscles. $10^{-5}$ M Phenylephrine produced a slight hyperpolarization of the diastolic membrane potential, a decrease or increase in $a_N^i_a$, and a biphasic inotropic response. The negative inotropic response accompanied by a decrease in intracellular $Na^+$activity, whereas in muscles showing a remarkable positive inotropic response without initial negative inotropic effect was accompanied by an increase in intracellular $Na^+$ activity. The decrease in intracellular $Na^+$ activity was apparently inhibited by WB4101, an antagonist of the ${\alpha}_{1a}-adrenoceptors$. The decrease in intracellular $Na^+$ activity caused by phenylephrine was not abolished or reduced by a block of the fast $Na^+$ channels. $V_{max}$ also was not affected by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine produced an increase in intracellular $Na^+$ activity in the presence of a high concentration of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ (in quiescent muscle) or phorbol dibutyrate, a protein kinase C activator(in beating muscle). These suggest that the ${\alpha}_{1a}-adrenoceptors-mediated$ decrease in intracellular $Na^+$ activity may be related to the protein kinase C.

실크 세리신 단백질을 이용한 유기 철분제의 제조 및 철분 결핍쥐에서의 생물학적 유용성

조혜진(Hye Jin Cho),이현순(Hyun-Sun Lee),정은영(Eun Young Jung),박소연(So Yeon Park),임우택(Woo-Taek Lim),이정용(Jeong-Yong Lee),연성호(Seong-Ho Yeon),이진채(Jin-Chae Lee),서형주(Hyung Joo Suh) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.10

세리신을 철분과 결합력이 우수한 가수분해물을 제조하기 위하여 다양한 효소 처리를 실시하였으며 세리신 가수분해물을 이용하여 철분과 결합력을 검토하였다. 고분자인 세리신 단백질 분말을 효소 처리하지 않은 control과 비교한 결과 Flavourzyme(16.2 ㎎/mL)을 처리한 경우 유리 아미노산의 함량이 유의적으로 증가하였다. Flavourzyme 세리신 가수분해물에 각각 1,000 ppm과 2,000 ppm의 FeSO₄을 넣어 교반한 후 80%에탄올 침전 후 얻은 상등액과 침전물을 Fe 함량을 측정한 결과 유기철분 1,000 ppm의 철분의 양은 상등액(7.8 ㎍/mL)에 비해 침전(191.5 ㎍/mL)이 높은 값을 나타내며 유기철분 2,000 ppm 역시도 상등액(8.5 ㎍/mL)에 비해 침전(411.0 ㎍/mL)이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 2주간철분 결핍 식이를 투여한 쥐를 4군으로 분리한 후 형태가 다른 3종의 철분을 1주간 투여한 결과 체중증가량이나 식이 섭취율 및 식이효율을 측정한 결과 모든 투여군에서 군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 체내 흡수된 철분의 농도를 측정한 결과 혈청(2.0 ㎍/mL)과 간(47.9 ㎍/mL) 모두 무처치 대조군(DD)에서 가장 낮은 철분 농도가 관찰되었다. 형태를 달리한 철분을 투여한 모든 군에서 무처치 대조군보다 철분의 농도가 혈청 및 간에서 모두 유의적으로 증가하였다. 세리신을 이용하여 제조한 유기철분 투여군은 간에서 80.1㎍/mL, 혈청에서 4.2 ㎍/mL의 철분 농도가 관찰되었으며, 양성 대조군인 헴철 투여군에서는 간에서 70.6 ㎍/mL, 혈청에서 3.2 ㎍/mL의 철분 농도가 관찰되었으나 두 투여군 간의 유의적 차이는 없었다. 무기철분을 투여한 군(DD+Ⅱ)보다는 간에서의 철분 함량(67.9 ㎍/mL)이 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 유기철분이나 헴철보다는 유의적인 수준에서 낮게 관찰되었다. 혈중 헤모글로빈 농도는 무처치 대조군(8.9 g/dL)에 비해 철분 처치군(DD+HI: 12.2 g/dL, DD+OI: 12.6 g/dL, DD+Ⅱ: 12.0 g/dL)이 유의적으로 높았으나 철분의 형태에 따른 유의적 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. Silk sericin protein was hydrolyzed by seven proteolytic enzymes to examine the effectiveness of the hydrolysates to bind iron. The amino acid nitrogen contents of hydrolysates by Flavourzyme were higher than the others enzymes, and its iron binding capacity showed dose-dependent increase. The bioavailability of iron binding peptide from sericin hydolysates was investigated in iron-deficient rats. Three-week-old male rats were fed iron-deficient diet for three weeks. Rats were divided into four groups (DD: no treated group on iron deficient diet, DD+HI: heme-iron treated group, DD+OI: sericin-Fe, and DD+Ⅱ: inorganic iron (FeSO₄) treated group, and then iron supplemented by injection for one week. After oral administration for one week, the iron contents of serum and liver were significantly higher in DD+OI (4.2 ㎍/mL and 80.1 ㎍/mL) and DD+HI (3.2 ㎍/mL and 70.6 ㎍/mL) than DD (2.0 ㎍/mL and 47.9 ㎍/mL). Hemoglobin content of treated groups was significantly higher than DD, but the significant difference among groups was not shown. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels did not show any significant difference among all groups. Binding iron to peptide from sericin hydolysates seems to improve its bioavailability and to hasten the cure of iron deficiency in experimental rat.

Evaluation of Chemical Properties of Paddy Soil in Chungnam Province

윤여욱(Yeo-Uk Yun),이진일(Jin-Il Lee),이순계(Sun-Gye, Lee),채미진(Mi-Jin Chae) 한국토양비료학회 2020 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2020 No.10

동결건조 갈색거저리 유충의 제조공정 표준화에 따른 자가규격 및 유통기한 설정

정미연 ( Mi Yeon Chung ),이정용 ( Jeong Yong Lee ),이진채 ( Jin Chae Lee ),박길수 ( Kil Su Park ),정준표 ( Jun Pyo Jeong ),황재삼 ( Jae Sam Hwang ),구태원 ( Tae Won Goo ),윤은영 ( Eun Young Yun ) 한국잠사학회 2014 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.52 No.1

본 연구에서는 갈색거저리 유충의 식품등록 후 산업화에 대비하여 대량생산 시설에 적용 가능한 동결건조 갈색거저리 유충곤충의 제조공정을 확립하였다. 갈색거저리 유충을 1 ~ 2일간 절식시킨 후 식용을 목적으로 하므로 위생적인 측면을 고려하여 분변제거 및 세척한 후 고온 · 고압 살균법으로 살균하였다. 살균시 용기 내에 부직포(48 cm × 55 cm)를 깔고 갈색거저리 투입량은 1 kg(3 cm)이하로 하는 것이 세균 및 진균의 제거에 효율적임을 확인하였다. 또한 생산효율을 증가시키기 위하여 다단식 살균기를 사용하여 각 단 사이의 공간을 10 cm 이상 확보하여 115oC, 1 kgf/cm2에서 10분간 고온 · 고압 살균한 경우 미생물이 검출되지 않음을 확인하였다. 살균한 갈색거저리 유충 동결건조를 위해 동결은 -35oC 이하에서 용기[W(63 cm) × L(57 cm) × H(3 cm)]별 4 kg씩(두께 1.5 cm 이하) 투입하여 실시하고, 건조는 -15oC 이하, 0.5 torr 이하에서 최소 30시간 이상 건조하는 것이 효율적인 것으로 판단하였다. 동결건조 갈색거저리 유충의 자가규격으로 수분 5% 이하, 산가 3 mg/g 이하, 과산화물가 30 meq/g 이하, 조단백 45% 이상, 조지방 25% 이상, 올레산 11 ~ 16%를 허용범위로 설정하였다. 마지막으로 이화학적 특성, 관능적 특성, 미생물학적 지표 조사를 통한 유통기한 설정 결과 PET 재질 용기로 포장될 경우 동결건조 갈색거저리 유충의 최종 유통기한은 제조일로부터 12개월로 결정하였다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 확립된 대량생산 시설에 적용 가능한 동결건조 갈색거저리 유충의 제조공정을 통해 식품등록 후 산업화시 보다 위생적이며 균일한 제품 제조가 가능할 것이고, 자가규격 및 유통기한은 제품 관리에 응용되어 보다 안전성 및 안정성 확보가 가능할 것이라고 사료된다. This study was carried out to establish the self-specification and shelf-life by standardization of manufacturing process for Tenebrio molitor larvae. First, standardization of manufacturing process for T. molitor was set up. Sterilization for larvae placed on a multistage shelf with intervals of about 10 cm was carried out at 115oC, 1 kgf/cm2 for 10 min. After sterilization, T. molitor larvae were frozen at less than ?35oC for more than 12 hrs. And then, they were dried under ?15oC, 0.5 torr vacuum for more than 30 hrs. Second, we decided self-specification for T. molitor larvae. Their moisture, acidity, peroxide, crude protein and crude fat level should be 5% or less, 3 mg/g or less, 30 meq/g or less, 45% or more, and 25% or more, respectively. Also, oleic acid, representative material, level was set up 11 ~ 16%. Third, we decided shelf-life by analysis of the physicochemical characteristic, sensory evaluation and microbial indicators. The final expiry date for lyophilized T. molitor larvae in PET bottle was calculated as 12 months from date of manufacture. We expect that optimal manufacturing process system, self-specification, and shelf-life proposed in this study can be used in industrial production of T. molitor as a novel food.

소화성 궤양 출혈에 있어서 Absolute Alcohol 을 이용한 내시경적 경화요법에 대한 연구

김욱(Wook Kim),이문희(Moon Hi Lee),김진봉(Jin Bong Kim),채수희(Soo Hee Chae),장대영(Dai Young Zang),이진(Jin Lee),손주현(Joo Hyun Sohn),김동준(Dong Jun Kim),곽상택(Sang Tack Kwack),주상언(Sang Aun Joo) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.46 No.3

N/A Objectives: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common complication of peptic ulcer disease which has been known to occur when the luminal offensive factors overcome the mucosal defenses. It has about a 10% mortality rate although it may vary with therapeutic modalities applied. The present study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic sclerosis using absolute alcohol. Methods: For local injection of alcohol, an EVE gastrofiberscope (Fujinon), a flexible needle injector (MN1-k injector), and absolute alcohol were prepared. Endoscopic sclerosis using absolute alcohol was performed in 102 emergency room patients with complaints of hematemesis and/or melena on arrival, and the diagnosis of bleeding peptic ulcer was confirmed through emergency endoscopy. Results: Success at initial attempt. With the initial treatment, the bleeding was brought under control in 96 of 102 patients (94.1%). The results of the study of the patients in whom hemostasis is successfully attained were divided into two groups (I and II) based on endoscopic appearances of the ulcer. 1) Group I (visible vesel): i) 29 of 32 patients (90.6%) with active bleeding ii) 25 of 26 patients (96.2%) with oozing iii) 6 of 6 patients (100%) with no bleeding Overall succes rate at the initial attempt is 93.8% or in 60 of 64 patients. 2) Group II (non-visible vessel): i) 12 of 14 patients (85.7%) with active bleeding ii) 16 of 16 patients (100%) with oozing iii) 8 of 8 patients (100%) with no bleeding Overall success rate at the initial attempt is 94.7% or in 36 of 38 patients. 2. Failure: In 6 patients (4 in Group I and 2 in Group II), initial hemostasis was unsuccessful due to technical difficulties as the ulcers were located in the high posterior wall of the body of the stomach in 2 patients and to massive bleeding in 3 patients. One patient had a continuous oozing of blood after endoscopic hemostasis. Five patients underwent successful emergency operation. One patient with oozing stopped spontaneously. 3. Rebleeding: Four patients rebled 6 to 72 hours after the procedure. Two patients responded to a repeated alcohol injection, and 2 patients undersent successful emergency operation. 4. On follow of 95 patients, ninety-one were found to have ulcers healed 4 to 8 weeks later except for seven patients who underwent emergency operation. Four patients did not return for follow-up endoscopy. Conclusion: It is concluded that endoscopic absolute alcohol injection is proven to be a safe, simple, economical and effective therapeutic modality for upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease.