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      • KCI등재

        지하수 함양시설 또는 LID시설에서의 질산성질소 오염방지를 위한 농업부산물의 탈질효율 실험연구

        이진원,이병선,김강주,이규상,Lee, Jinwon,Phung, Thanh Huy,Lee, Byungsun,Kim, Kangjoo,Lee, Gyusang 한국지하수토양환경학회 2021 지하수토양환경 Vol.26 No.6

        Facilities for low impact development (LID) or groundwater recharge have the high potential spreading groundwater nitrate contamination because of the rapid infiltration. This study was initiated to remove nitrate from the waters using agricultural byproducts as organic sources for denitrification during infiltration. As the first step of this purpose, we experimentally tested the denitrifying efficiency of 4 organic materials (pine tree woodchips, cherry leaves, rice straws, and rice hulls) and tried to identify the key factors controlling the efficiency. For this study, we precisely investigated the change of chemical reactions during the experiment by analyzing various geochemical parameters. The result shows that the denitrification efficiency is not simply linked to the availability of the easily decomposable contents in the organic matter. It is found that avoiding the severe pH decrease due to the CO<sub>2</sub> generation is the essence to derive the efficient denitrifying conditions when organic matters were used.

      • 최적 열전달계수를 이용한 단열기준산출

        이진원,이종원,Lee, Jin-Won,Lee, Jong-Won 대한설비공학회 1979 설비저널 Vol.8 No.2

        Optlmum overall heat transmission coefficient for residential buildings is calculated as a function of building parameter, area/volume. Equivalent heat transmission coefficient and equivalence factor are introduced and optimized with respect to annual cost including fuel cost , insulation cost and equipment cost Comparison with recent standard of West Germany shows similarity of the result.

      • KCI우수등재

        유동관에 형성된 Cavity로부터의 입자확산현상 연구

        이진원,구재학,김현영,Lee, J.W.,Goo, J.H.,Kim, H.Y. 대한설비공학회 1994 설비공학 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

        Particle contamination into and out of a cavity-cylindrical cavities with aspect ratios(width/depth) less than, equal to 1 and langer than 1, and also three dianensional T's attached to a cylindrical flow tube was studied numerically, using a finite difference method. In the process of unsteady particle diffusion, the particles contained in a concentration boundary layer near the tube wall plays an important role in the initial stage, after which a quasi-steady concentration profile is developed inside the cavity, resulting in an exponential change of concentration with time. Average concentration and its rate of change are observed to be closely correlated by a power law function in terms of Reynolds number and the logarithm of Schmidt number. Effects of the three parameters-Re, Sc, and aspect ratio-are analysed and well explained.

      • KCI등재

        황금의 마우스 단회 경구투여 독성시험

        이진원,정유선,정태영,김종대,최해윤,Lee, Jin-Won,Jung, Yu-Sun,Jung, Tae-Young,Kim, Jong-Dae,Choi, Hae-Yun 대한한방내과학회 2013 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

        Objectives : The object of this study was to obtain acute information (single oral dose toxicity) of Scutellariae Radix Aqueous Extracts (SR; yield = 27.20%) which traditionally have been used in Korean medicine for treating various diseases including inflammatory diseases. Methods : In order to observe the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$), approximate lethal dosage (ALD) and target organs, SR Aqueous Extracts were once orally administered to female and male ICR mice at dose levels of 2,000, 1,000, 500 and 0 (control) mg/kg (body weight.) according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines. The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs and gross observation were monitored during 14 days after single oral treatment of SR according to KFDA Guidelines with organ weights and histopathological observations of 14 types of principle organs. Results : After single oral treatment of SR, we could not find any mortality and toxicological evidences up to 2,000 mg/kg treated group, the limited dosages in rodents, on the body and organ weights, clinical signs, gross and histopathological observations, except for some accidental findings. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that the $LD_{50}$ and ALD of SR in both female and male mice after single oral treatment be considered as over 2,000 mg/kg because no mortalities were detected up to 2,000 mg/kg that was the highest dose recommended by KFDA and OECD, and can be safely used in clinics.

      • KCI등재

        석탄재의 콘크리트 활용에 따른 중금속 함량변화 연구

        이진원,최승현,김강주,김석휘,문보경,Lee, Jinwon,Choi, Seung-Hyun,Kim, Kangjoo,Kim, Seok-Hwi,Moon, Bo-Kyung 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.4

        In many countries, recycling coal ashes as backfill materials for subsided lands, abandoned mine tunnels, and road pipeline constructions by making low-strength concretes with minimal amounts of cement is frequently considered for massive treatment of coal ashes. This study investigates the variation of heavy metals in the concrete test pieces prepared for the cases of using only Portland cement as binding material, fly ash as a replacement of the cement, sand as aggregates, and disposed ashes in the ash ponds as a replacement of aggregates. Heavy metal contents were measured based on the aqua regia extraction technique following the Korean Standard for Fair Testing of Soil Contamination and the influences of each materials on the total heavy metal contents were also assessed. Results show that the cement has the highest Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations than any other materials. Therefore, the test pieces show significant concentration decreases for those metals when the cement was replaced by fly ash. Ponded ash shows low concentrations relative to fly ash in most of the parameters but shows higher Cu and Ni, and lower Pb levels than the sand aggregate. In overall, heavy metal levels of the test pieces are regulated by mixing among the used materials. Test pieces prepared during this study always show concentrations much lower than the Worrisome Level of Soil Contamination (Area 1), which was designated by the Soil Environment Conservation Act of Korea. 많은 나라에서는 화력발전소 석탄연소 잔재물로 생산되는 석탄재를 소량의 시멘트와 혼합, 저강도 콘크리트를 만들어 지반함몰지, 폐갱도, 도로관거 뒷채움재 등으로 재활용하는 방안이 석탄재의 대규모 처리방안으로 자주 검토된다. 본 연구에서는 석탄재로 저강도콘크리트를 만들어 콘크리트 내 중금속함량 변화를 고찰하였다. 이를 위하여 시멘트만을 사용하는 경우와 시멘트의 반을 비산재로 대체하는 경우, 모래를 골재로 사용하는 경우, 그리고 회처리장의 매립재로 모래골재를 대체하는 경우에 대한 콘크리트 공시체를 제작하여 중금속농도 변화를 고찰하였다. 중금속 함량은 토양오염공정시험기준에 따라 이루어졌으며, 중금속함량에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 재료들도 평가하였다. 연구결과, 시멘트는 다른 어떤 재료들 보다 Cu, Pb, Zn에서 현격히 높은 중금속농도를 보였다. 이로 인하여 시멘트를 비산재로 대체할 경우 중금속 농도는 뚜렷이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 매립재는 전체적으로 비산재에 비하여 낮은 중금속농도를 보였지만, 모래보다는 높은 Cu 및 Ni농도와 낮은 Pb농도를 보였다. 전체적으로는 콘크리트 내 중금속농도는 각 재료의 혼합에 의하여 결정되는 양상을 보였다. 본 연구에서 제작된 공시체는 모든 조사된 항목에 있어 토양환경보전법이 정한 토양오염우려기준(1지역)보다 현격히 낮은 농도를 보였다.

      • KCI등재

        분쇄방법에 따른 석탄재 재활용 콘크리트의 중금속 분석결과 및 용출특성 변화

        이진원,최승현,김강주,문보경,Lee, Jin Won,Choi, Seung-Hyun,Kim, Kangjoo,Moon, Bo-Kyung 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.5

        콘크리트는 덩어리이기 때문에 분석을 위해서는 분쇄를 할 수밖에 없다. 그러나, 콘크리트와 같이 여러 재료의 혼합물을 파쇄, 특정 입도를 선별하는 것에 따른 효과는 아직까지 적절하게 평가된 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 시멘트와 비산재를 고화제로 사용하고, 매립재와 모래는 골재로 사용하여 콘크리트 공시체를 제작한 다음, 토양오염공정시험기준과 폐기물공정시험기준에 따라 중금속분석을 수행하였다. 이를 위하여, 먼저, 공시체를 어느 정도 파쇄한 다음 채질하여 <0.15 mm, 0.15~0.5 mm, 0.5~5 mm를 선별(분쇄방법 1)하여 분석하였다. 토양오염공정시험기준 분석 결과, 작은 입도의 시료가 높은 중금속 농도를 보이는 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 특히, <0.15 mm는 각 개별재료의 농도와 배합비로 계산된 이론값보다도 몇 배 높은 값을 보이기도 하였다. 반면, 시료 전체가 <0.15 mm를 갖도록 완전히 분쇄(분쇄 방법 2)하여 분석한 결과는 이론값과 비슷한 농도를 보였다. 이 같은 결과는, 부분 분쇄 시에는 작은 입도에 중금속 농도가 높은 시멘트와 비산재가 농집되는 것과 관련이 있다. 반면, 폐기물공정시험기준 분석에서는 모든 항목에서 매우 낮은 용출 농도를 보였고, 토양오염공정시험기준에서와 같은 경향도 관찰되지 않았다. Since concrete is a hardened aggregates of various materials, it needs to be crushed for chemical analyses. However, the effect of sample crushing on the analytical results has not been precisely assessed till today. In this study, we prepared concrete test pieces using Portand cements and fly ashes as binding materials, and ponded ashes and sands as aggregates and analyzed the heavy metals of the test pieces using Standards for Fair Testing of Soil Contamination (SFTSC) and Wastes (SFTW). For this, each test piece was partially crushed at first and sieved for separation of grains of <0.15 mm, 0.15-0.5 mm, and 0.5-5 mm from the same crushed samples (Crushing Method I). Results of those samples using SFTSC showed a clear trend that analyzed heavy metal concentrations are higher in the finer fractions. Particularly, fractions with <0.15 mm indicated much higher concentrations than the theoretical ones, which were calculated based on the concentrations of individual materials and their mixing fractions. In contrast, the analytical results were generally comparable with the theoretical ones when the test pieces were totally pulverized such that all the crushed grains were <0.15 mm in size (Crushing Method II). These results are associated with the fact that cement materials and fly ashes, which are high in heavy metals relative to other materials, are enriched in the fine fractions. The analytical results using the SFTW derived very low concentrations in most of parameters and did not indicate the dependence of concentrations on the crushing methods due to using distilled water as leaching agent.

      • KCI우수등재

        댐건설(建設)로 인한 5대수계(大水系) 본류(本流)의 유황변화(流況變化) 분석(分析)

        이진원,김형섭,우효섭,Lee, Jin Wo,Kim, Hyoung Sup,Woo, Hyo Seop 대한토목학회 1993 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.13 No.3

        한강, 낙동강, 금강, 섬진강, 영산강 등 우리나라 5대강 본류 주요지점에서의 광범위한 수문자료(水文資料)를 토대로 유황분석(流況分析)을 수행하였다. 우리나라 하천유량 자료의 신뢰도상의 한계를 감안하여, 특히 저수위시수위(低水位時水位)-유량(流量) 관계곡선의 검토 동 본 유황분석에서 이용된 유량자료의 검토에 세심한 배려를 하였다. 본 연구에 의하면, 우리나라 주요 수계의 유황은 상류에 다목적댐 건설로 상당히 개선된 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 유황개선 효과는 주요 수계의 하상계수(河狀係數)가 댐 건설이전 자연상태에서 300-400 정도이었으나 댐 건설이후 100-300 정도로 감소한 사실과 본 연구에서 제시된 '유황계수(流況係數)'가 대폭 감소한 사실 등에 의해서 확인되어진다. 수계별로는 한강과 영산강의 유황은 상대적으로 안정되어 있고 금강과 섬진강의 유황은 불안정한 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 금강과 섬진강에 새로운 수자원 개발의 필요성을 간접적으로 시사하고 있다. An analysis of flow duration characteristics of the five major rivers in Korea was conducted with extensive river flow data available. The analysis reveals that, for most river stage-gauging stations at the rivers investigated in this study, the flow duration characteristics have changed drastically at some stations after major dammings in the river basins. Streamflow variability. which is newly defined in this study as the ratio of the 2.5 percents (or 10 day) duration discharge over the 97.5 percents (or 355 day) duration one, was also reduced by the dammings. The result of the study shows that the Han and the Yeongsan rivers have relatively small flow variation, while the Seomjin and the Keum rivers have relatively large now variation, which implies that the latter two river basins need new water resources development.

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