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염색체 이상에 관한 세포 유전학적 연구 (4) - 염색체 전좌 -
이연근(Y . K . Lee),이광전(K . J . Lee),이동희(D . H . Lee),양영목(Y . M . Yang),손진기(J . K . Son) 한국축산학회 1994 한국축산학회지 Vol.36 No.1
The early suppression of lethal gene maximizes the effect of domestical improvements applying cytogenetical analysis on the chromosome of dairy cattle, which demonstrated the chromosomal aberration. Fourteen females and three males of dairy cattle tested for the experiment. The chromosomal analysis cultivated blood from the jugluar vein or coccygeal vein of experimental cattle. The results obtained in the experiments show following: The diploid(2n=60) of female cattle has the 29 pairs of acrocentric autosome or telocentric, and the two large submetacentric XX chromosome. As staining the G-handing. one of them shoved chromosomal aberration. We have found the 1/29 translocation relating to calving, rearing and production efficiency.
가계분석에 의한 k- casein 과 β- lactoglobulin 의 유전자형 분리에 관한 연구
이광전(K . J . Lee),김정언(J . U . Kim),이연근(Y . K . Lee),강민식(M . S . Kang),강석형(S . H . Kang) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.3
This study was performed to offer basic data of both reducing generation interval and improving selection accuracy of dairy cattle for application of parentage test according to analyzing loci of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin in related Korean dairy cattle using the PCR. The blood samples used in this study were taken from 24 related dairy cattle in Sin-Jung dairy farm and the frozen semen of two straws used in this study were taken from commercial firms. The results obtained were as follows; 1. This study established the extracting method of high quality DNA from the blood samples of 24 related dairy cattle and from two frozen semen samples by using phenol and determined the analyzing method for the polymorphism of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin using PCR. 2. According to the restricted enzyme digestion in amplified products of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin using PCR, κ-casein showed AA and AB types, and β-lactoglobulin showed AA, AB, and BB types, respectively. 3. By restricting enzyme digestion, genotypes of κ-caaein and β-lactoglobulin for dairy cows were always derived from genotypes of one parent or both parents. 4. Genetic panems between κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin markers showed independent gene segregations, therefore, in case of being known sire genotypes, genotypes of daughters would be detemuned by probability. 5. For ttte genetic improvement of dairy cattle, if the semen of sire with κ-casein BB or β-lactoglobulin BB were used by the A.I, genotyping method of marker genes can be useful for early identification and selection of dairy calves.
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),강민식(M . S . Kang),강민구(M . G . Kang),이연근(Y . K . Lee),조광현(K . H . Cho),최재봉(J . B . Choi) 한국축산학회 1993 한국축산학회지 Vol.35 No.6
This study was undertaken to identify the changes of variance components for herd production levels of milk. Milk records were divided into low, medium, and high groups by average herd production, average herd-year production, herd standard deviation, and herd-year standard deviation. Herd standard deviations increased with average herd productions. Correlation between average herd production and herd standard deviation was 0.41, while correlation between average herd-year production and herd-year standard deviation was 0.47. Residual variance components of higher production increased remarkably, while genetic variance components of high group by herd-year standard deviation showed the same increasing trend. When records are transformed to logarithms, however, residual components of variance didn`t show the increasing trend, and the changing ratio decreased markedly without homogeneous variance components. In order to account for the heterogeneity of milk among herds, the optimum classifying criterion was an average herd-year production level. Estimates of heritabilities for low, medium and high groups were 0.185, 0.237, and 0.283, respectively. These results remarkably showed the heterogeneity of milk among dairy herds.
PCR 기법을 이용한 한국내 젖소의 k- casein 과 β- lactoglobulin 유전자형 분석에 관한 연구
이광전(K . J . Lee),김정언(J . U . Kim),이연근(Y . K . Lee),홍경표(K . P . Hong),김경수(K . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.4
This study was performed to offer rapid and accurate methods of both sire selection and dairy cattle improvement, according to analyzing loci of κ-casein and β-lactaglobulin in Korean dairy cattle. The blood samples used in this study were taken from the 45 Holstein cattle in the nearby Kyung gi province, where milk was sold to Kon-Kuk milk plant. The results obtained were as follows; 1. This study established the extracting method of high quality DNA from the 45 Holsteins blood samples by using phenol and the analysis of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin polymotphisms by using PCR. 2. Due to the amplification of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin loci by using PCR, this study confirmed amplified products of 8746p and 961bp, respectively. 3. Due to the restricted enzyme digestion of Taq I and Hind Ill in amplified products of κ-casein, AA type with Hind III and Taq I showed no change of size in amplified products and BB type with Hind III showed 525bp and 350bp fragments and with Taq I showed 558bp and 317bp fragments, respectively. 4. Due to the restricted enzyme digestion of Hph I in amplified products of β-lactoglobulin, all lanes which were digested by restriction enzyme showed 961bp and 741bp fragments and A.4 type showed 220bp, while AB type showed 220bp and 166bp, and BB type showed 166bp fragments, respectively. 5. The κ-casein genotype of Holstein by restricted enzyme digestion gives frequencies of 75.55%, 17.78%, and 6.67%r for AA, AB, and BB types and for A and B alleles being 0.84 and 0.16, respectively. Restriction enzyme digestion of the β-lactoglobulin genotype of Holstein gives frequencies of 34.38%, 43.74%, and 21.88% for AAA, AB, and BB types and for A and B alleles being 0.56 and 0.44, respectively. 6. The fitness test(x²-test) for genotype frequencies of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin showed gene equilibrium with AA. AB and BB, and β-lactoglobulin indicated Hardy -Weinberg equilibrium in the ratio of being 1:2:1. 7. The genotyping of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin loci can be utilized for finding the association between genotypes and production traits in dairy cattle.
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),양영목(Y . M . Yang),최윤석(Y . S . Choi),이연근(Y . K . Lee),조광현(K . H . Jo) 한국축산학회 1993 한국축산학회지 Vol.35 No.6
The results obtained from a total to 1993 milk records ranging 1985 to 1991 were as follows. 1. Milk yields and standard deviations of three production levels on the basis of ME milk yield of all cows freshening in the same herd-year were 7,284.68㎏∼9,333.28㎏and 1,370.30∼1,686.56, respectively, and therefore showed the heterogeneity among three production levels of milk. 2. When milk records were transformed to logarithms, average milk yields, standard deviations, and coefficients of variation for production levels were stable. 3. In case of transforming to logarithms, residual variance component of low group increased markedly and this result indicated that the ranks of genetic evaluations for bull-sires and bull-dams could be reversed. 4. REML estimates of heritability for low, medium, and high groups were 0.189, 0.234, 0.254, respectively, and multiple traits evaluation was necessary. 5. Proportions of sires selected from groups by herd-year production levels corresponding to top 5% based on PTAM were 18.2%, 36.4%, 45.5%, for low, medium, and high groups. 6. In case of log transformation, proportions of sires selected from groups corresponding to top 5% of PTAM were 38.9%, 61.1%, 0.0% for low, medium, and high groups, respectively. On the other hand, proportions of elite cows corresponding to top 1% were 45.5%, 54.54%, 0.0% for low, medium, and high groups. 7. Genetic correlations and rank correlations of PTAMs among low, medium, and high groups showed large values. These high correlations indicated that heterogeneity among dairy herds in Korea was due to environmental causes. 8. Without accounting for heterogeneity of milk yields among dairy herds in Korea, the direct application of evaluation models developed by advanced countries could bring the possibility of misranking genetically superior bulls and cows.