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Thoroughbred 경주마의 경주능력에 대한 환경요인의 효과 및 유전분산 (遺傳分散) 추정
박경도,이광전,양영목,최윤석,김재남,김연순 ( K . D . Park,K . J . Lee,Y . M . Yang,Y . S . Choi,J . N . Kim,Y . S . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.1
This study was undertaken using a total of 2,577 racing records of horses from September, 1989 to July, 1990 that collected at the K. H. A. A. (Korean Horse Affairs Association) to investigate effects of environmental factors and to estimate genetic variance for racing performance. Results obtained from this study were as follows. Horse`s age, racing number, track condition and racing season showed significant effects on racing time, and winner`s racing time was not appropriate environmental factor for mean racing time in Korea. Racing performance was the best when horse`s age was 3-4yr, racing number was l situated inside, moisture content was more than 16% in track and racing seasons were spring and winter. Estimates of σ²_e by Maximum Likelihood were smaller than those by Minimum Variance Quadratic Unbiased Estimation (MIVQUE). Adjustment for winner`s racing time reduced estimates of σ²_s, σ²_h, and σ²_e, especially, estimates of σ²_h, which were reduced by an average of about 1000% and estimates of repeatabilities were lower than those of heritabilities. Estimates of heritabilities and repeatabilities by nationality ranged from .13±.17 to .30±.20 and from .36±.07 to .52±.14, respectively. Pooled estimates of heritabilities and repeatabilities were .19±.13 and .42± .06 respectively.
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),안준천(J . C . An),김계회(G . H . Kim),원진희(J . H . Won) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.1
The objective of this study was to develop adjustment factors for racing distances, using a total of 53,097 racing records from 2,928 horses that had raced from January, 1990 to December, 1993. Results obtained were as follows. 1. Skewedness for racing time by each distance was near zero, and the data skewed a little to the right. 1Me entire data, however, was almost normally distributed. 2. Racing frequencies for progeny per sire decreased with increasing racing distance. In the case of the 2,200m race in which the largest number of exellent horses took part in competition, one record per sire was most widely distributed and the proportion was about 88% of all data Considering the unique distribution of Korean racing data, it was suggested that the entire data for various distances should be used for the genetic evaluation of racing horses. 3. Contemporary group effect for racing time made up about 40% of total variation, and this implied that contemporary effect was one of the important environmental factors for the genetic evaluation of racing horses. 4. Variances adjusted by additive factors showed homogeneous values for various distances, while those adjusted by multiplicative factors deviated greatly from unadjusted data, with increasing racing distances. 5. Correlations between PTA`s for additive adjusted and unadjusted records were shown to be about 0.99. This fact led to the suggestion that the additive adjustment factors would be more practical and reasonable for adjustments of racing distances.
더러브렛 경주마의 경주시간에 대한 성 - 연령별 보정계수
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),강민식(M . S . Kang),최우섭(W . S . Choi),김태종(T . J . Kim) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.1
After analyzing a total of 53,097 racing records for 2,928 horses from Korea Racing Horse Association, the results obtained were as follows. 1. Sex-age effect was subdivided into 72 groups, and horse effect was regarded as random(σ²e/σ²h = 1.94). 2. Fifty, four to 56 month-old groups took the largest portion of the total records. Racing performance for geldings, stallions, and mares reached their peaks at 4.5, 4.3, and 3.5 years old, respectively. Comparing with the foreign peak years of 5-6 for racing hones, those in domestic horses were much younger. Due to poor management and frequent races, racing lives of horses were shortened and might result in economic losses. 3. Because geldings are included in the classification of male by KRHA, it is likely that the racing performance for geldings might be underestimated, while stallions may overestimated. 4. Variances for both additive and multiplicative adjustments were the same at 2.68. Correlations between means and standard deviations for racing time by age groups were -0.06, and this low correlation led to the suggestion that additive adjustment factors for racing time were much easier and more desirable.
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),강민식(M . S . Kang),조광현(K . H . Cho),이상기(S . G . Lee) 한국축산학회 1994 한국축산학회지 Vol.36 No.6
To examine effects of age and lactation stage on linear type traits, this study was undertaken by analyzing the 15 primary traits and the final score, collected on the linear type scores of a total of 10,502 Korean Holstein cattle from KAIA(Korea Animal Improvement Association). The results obtained are as follows: 1. Type traits which showed significantly affected by both age and lactation stage were strength, body depth, rump width, fore udder attachment, udder support, udder depth, and final score. Generally, among the numbers of parity, the distinction was significant. 2. Interacting type traits between parity and lactation stage were fore udder attachment, rear udder depth, and final score. 3. Type traits showing vivid linear interaction with age were height, strength, body depth, mmp length, rump width, legs(side view), udder support, and udder depth. The type traits other than udder support and udder depth increased with the linear scores during aging. 4. Throughout lactation stages, rear udder height, udder support, and udder depth showed the non-linear interaction. When rear udder height and rear udder width increased with aging, the scores decreased. However, the other traits increased. This study showed the significant differences in effects of age and lactation stage on linear type traits, hence development of adjustment factors for linear type traits was needed.
이광전(K . J . Lee),박경도(K . D . Park),강민식(M . S . Kang) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.5
This study utilized 39,499 lactation records collected by the KAIA and DCIC from 1985 to 1993 for production traits. The results obtained were as follows; I. Phenotypic and genetic trends from 1978 to 1990 for milk yields were 49.61 and 107.26㎏ per year, and yearly phenotypic gains for milk yields were 81.54, 107.88, and 111.43㎏ when the three periods were grouped as `78∼`81, `81∼`86, and `86∼`90. 2. Yearly genetic trends for milk yield correspond to 0.73%, which is about 1/3 to the theoretical maximum value of 2%. 3. Grouping the three periods equally, genetic gains for milk, fat, protein and SNF yields were highest in the period(1981∼1986). This suggests the neccessity for systematic dairy cattle improvement and the problem of importing superior genes.