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      • KCI등재

        1980년대를 배경으로 이성복의 시를 읽는 방식과 의의

        이승은(Lee, Seung-eun) 한국시학회 2016 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.47

        This paper studies the significance of reading Lee, Seong-bok’s poetry, specifically his love poems, with the 1980s, as the background which is referred to as the “Era of Grand Narrative.” It is difficult to deny that national popular literary discourse was a dominant trend in the 1980s, in terms of literary themes, and in consideration of that background, the concept of romance itself, which is the most intimate and private, may sound heterogeneous in those years. In fact, even if the 1980s was referred to as the Era of Grand Narrative, it was also a time when a lot of books of poetry were sold. In terms of poetry, the aspect of popular poetry was strong, but thanks to the significant response of readers, the genre of love poetry was also one of the best sellers at times. The fever of love poems that existed at the time when mentioning individuals itself, especially the love and romance of individuals, was considered extravagant and it seems insufficient to dismiss as a temporary popular literary phenomenon when explaining the 1980s. Therefore, this study discusses Lee, Seong-bok’s poetry in connection with love poetry and the 1980s, taking into account the fact that he was a representative poet of the 1980s and many readers take note of his love poems. I find that there is a common aspect between the 1980s and Lee, Seong-bok’s love poems: melancholy. The 1980s was a period when it was commonplace to see deaths from the pursuit of the aspirations for social reforms. Therefore, mourning was necessary after the deaths, but mourning was prohibited institutionally for the subjects of discourse. The subjects who were prohibited from mourning became melancholika. The speakers of Lee, Seong-bok’s poems are also melancholika. The former was the subjects of the grand discourse, and they were also the readers of Lee, Seong-bok’s poetry. They encountered each other as melancholika, and reading love poems for the subjects to whom mourning was forbidden was to replace the mourning process with a love poem. Because mourning is a symbolic register for the dead through a communal ritual. It means that the subjects who read love poems were replacing the act of mourning with the symbolization of parting in love poems. It is because the love poems belong to the work of symbolization of parting that laments the sadness of parting. Lee, Seong-bok’s love poems are melancholika that sing the hurt and pain of love, not the joy of love. In conclusion, the love poems in the 1980s can be seen as a response to the unconscious request of subjects of the 1980s for a mourning ritual.

      • KCI등재

        이보상 作 〈姜邯贊傳〉의 서사구성 방식 연구

        이승은(Lee Seung-eun) 우리문학회 2014 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.42

        이 글은 이보상이 『매일신보』에 연재한 <강감찬전>의 서사구성 방식을 분석하고 지향점을 도출한 것이다. 이보상은 1935년 4월 11일부터 1936년 1월10일까지 214화에 달하는 <강감찬전>을 연재하였다. 『고려사』?의 주요 사건들을 순서대로 배치하고 그 속에 강감찬의 행적을 삽입하는 형식으로 구성하였는데, 주로『고려사』? 열전, 『삼국사기』?등 역사서의 문면을 그대로 가져다가 현토만 하는 방식으로 수용하였다. 이 과정에서 강감찬의 일대기와는 관련 없는 역사적 사실도 강감찬의 공적으로 바꾸어 서술하는 등, 실제 역사와는 거리가 있는 허구적 텍스트가 탄생하였다. 한편, 강감찬의 신이한 능력을 강조하기 위해서는 『용재총화』??,『보한집』등에 실려있는 설화를 차용하였다. 이보상이 적극적으로 개입하여 변개하거나 확장한 부분은 거란과의 전투장면, 태후와 김치양의 불륜 등 통속적이고 자극적인 내용이었다. 전투 장면은 군담소설과 흡사하게 서술되었고, 김치양의 모습을 악인으로 형상화하고 흉계를 구체적으로 묘사하여 독자의 흥미를 간취하려 하였다. 애초에 이보상은 강감찬을 다루었던 기존 서사의 미진했던 부분을 보충하고, 역사를 부연한다는 의식에서 <강감찬전>을 창작했지만, 신문연재라는 조건 속에서 흥미소를 완전히 배제할 수는 없었던 것으로 보인다. 이보상의 <강감찬전>은 이전 시기의 역사전기물이 1930년대 어떤 방식으로 재창작되고 또 읽히고 있었는지를 보여주는 한 사례이자 근대계몽기부터 국난을 극복한 민족의 영웅으로 소환되었던 강감찬 서사의 또 다른 변화를 보여준다는 점에서 의미가 있다. This article analyzed and deduced the method of narrative plot in Gang Gam-chan Jeon which was serialized in 214 installments from April 11th, 1935 to January 10th, 1936 at Maeil Shinbo by Lee Bo-sang. He arranged the milestones of Goryeo history in chronological order and put achievements of Gang Gam-chan into it, for the most part he brought the contents from history books such as Goryeo-sa Yeoljoen, Samguk-sagi and supplied the particle. Meanwhile Lee Bo-Sang created fictional texts far different from real history, described some historical facts that have no correlations with Gang Gam-chan into his achievement. Besides, he borrowed some stories from Yongjaechongwha, Bohanjib, ect. to emphasize Gang Gam-chan’s extraordinary ability. Lee Bo-Sang aggressively modified some vulgar and provocative stories such like a battle with the Kithan, immorality of Kim Chi-yang and the Empress Dowager. To entertaining the readers, the battle scene was narrated as a martial novel, Kim Chi-yang was described as a villain and exposed the detail of his wicked plan. At first, Lee Bo-sang wrote Gang Gam-chan Jeon to make up for inadequate part of existing narration and amplify the history. However he could not totally exclude the interest elements on condition of the serial story of a newspaper. Gang Gam-chan Jeon which is written by Lee Bo-sang, is an example of how classical novel was created and read, and it is significant to show another variation of narrative history of Gang Gam-chan, who is the hero that overcame the civil war at patriotic enlightenment period.

      • KCI등재

        영어 자유 관계절과 간접 의문문의 제2언어 습득

        이승아(Lee, Seung-Ah) 한국외국어교육학회 2011 Foreign languages education Vol.18 No.3

        The purpose of this study is to investigate whether L2 learners of English acquire knowledge of English free relatives (FRs) and indirect questions (IQs) to the level of native speakers. Although FRs in English bear a close superficial similarity to IQs, these two constructions differ syntactically. For instance, only the wh-phrases of FRs in subject position induce number agreement. Moreover, in the case of IQs, but not FRs, prepositions can undergo pied-piping. While extensive research has been undertaken on the syntax of FRs, little attention has been given to FRs in the field of L2 acquisition. Thus, in this study, a forced-choice task (task 1) was conducted to assess participants’ knowledge of number agreement in FRs and IQs. An acceptability judgment task (task 2) was also used to test participants’ knowledge of pied-piping and preposition stranding in FRs and IQs. In both tasks, Korean learners of English classified as early bilinguals (EBs), advanced learners (ALs), and intermediate learners (ILs) were compared to a control group of native English speakers (NEs). The results of task I indicated that EBs and ALs acquired number agreement in FRs to the level of NEs. With regard to number agreement in IQs, there were no statistically significant differences between the four groups. Yet, contrary to expectations, even NEs exhibited poor performance in this task. The results of task 2 showed that all four groups considered pied-piping in FRs to be ungrammatical. Pedagogical implications of these findings are discussed along with directions for future research.

      • 초음파 영상에서 간 질환 병변 추출 및 분석 기법

        이승강 ( Seung-kang Lee ),박은비 ( Eun-bi Park ),김호준 ( Ho-joon Kim ),황병갑 ( Byung-gap Hwang ) 한국정보처리학회 2013 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.2

        조영증강 초음파 동영상은 측정 부위의 혈류의 형태와 특성 정보를 포함하지만, 이를 육안으로 판별하는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 초음파 영상으로부터 간 질환과 연관한 병변을 추출하고 그 특성을 분석하기 위한 기반 기술로서 영상 처리 및 분석 기법을 제안한다. 마이크로버블(microbubble) 형태의 노이즈와 빠른 속도로 변화하는 각 프레임의 영상으로부터 근사화된 원형 또는 타원 형태로 나타나는 병변을 추출하기 위하여 허프 변환(Hough transform)을 이용한 병변 추출 기법을 제시하며, 추출한 병변의 특성을 분석하기 위하여 TIC(time intensity curve)의 특성과 조영 효과의 전이 시간(transit time) 등의 정보를 영상의 형태로 가시화하는 방법과 MRF(Markov random field) 모델을 이용한 영상개선 기법을 소개한다. 제안된 이론은 실제 간 질환 진단 초음파 영상에 적용하여 그 유용성을 평가한다.

      • 의료 초음파 영상에서 TIC 변형 복원 기법

        이승강 ( Seung-kang Lee ),이혜민 ( Hye-min Lee ),박현지 ( Hyun-ji Park ),김호준 ( Ho-joon Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2013 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.1

        간 질환 진단을 위한 의료 초음파 동영상에서 호흡으로 인한 영상의 흔들림 현상은 전이시간 (transit time) 요소와 같은 진단 파라미터의 신뢰도를 저하시킬 뿐만 아니라, 정확한 병변 형태의 추출을 어렵게 한다. 본 연구에서는 호흡 주기를 자동으로 감지하고 이를 기반으로 ROI 를 추적하는 방법과 프레임 샘플링을 통하여 TIC(Time-Intensity Curve) 형태의 왜곡을 보정하는 방법을 고찰한다. 세부적으로 동적 가중치와 모멘텀 요소를 고려한 추적 기법을 제시하고 유용성을 평가한다. 또한 호흡주기와 프레임간 유사도(similarity)를 기반으로 한 영상 샘플링 기법을 제안하고 이로부터 신호의 왜곡을 보정할 수 있음을 보인다.

      • KCI등재

        미국 기원서사의 다시 쓰기: 토니 모리슨(Toni Morrison)의 『자비』(A Mercy)

        이승은 ( Seung Eun Lee ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2013 현대영미소설 Vol.20 No.3

        This study aims to investigate how Toni Morrison attempts to disintegrate the American origins narrative such as American Exceptionalism and rewrite it from the minority narratives, focusing on her ninth novel, A Mercy. In A Mercy set in ``pre-racial`` 1690, the author exposes the white male Christian-centeredness of the American origins narrative by describing the lives of the late 17th century colonial society. Unlike the public origins narrative, in the colonies created by Morrison the settlers come from a variety of races and classes. It is shown that the dominant narrative erased the multiracial heritage of the colonial society and set up the white supremacy nation. The process of strengthening the white male hegemony is revealed in how Jacob Vaark accumulates wealth by investing into the sugar industry in Barbados, which inevitably leads him to be involved in slave trade. Morrison`s much more severe criticism on the origins narrative is given in the way the slavery system is gradually combined with racialization by the dominant elites of colonial society. This racialization of slavery is critically described in the significance of Bacon`s Rebellion and the personal experiences of Florence and her mother. In particular, the destructiveness of racialized slavery is vividly revealed through Florence`s sense of being betrayed by her mother who gives up her daughter in order to save her from the terrible sexual abuses she is sure to undergo. Morrison`s attempts to revise the origins narrative are also shown not only in the narratives of colored female slaves such as Florence, Lena and Sorrow in which each restores the broken sense of self, but in the community in which the Vaarks and their slaves and servants form their mutual relationships across the boundaries of race, gender, and class. The significance of A Mercy lies in that it disintegrates the white male-centered American origins narrative and suggests the alternative narrative of the beginnings of America.

      • KCI등재

        프랙탈 이미지를 이용하여 본 미적 경험의 뇌 활성화: 기능적 자기공명영상 연구

        이승복 ( Seung Bok Lee ),정우현 ( Woo Hyun Jung ),손정우 ( Jung Woo Son ),조성우 ( Seong Woo Jo ) 한국감성과학회 2011 감성과학 Vol.14 No.3

        본 연구에서는 객관적인 아름다움에 대한 주관적인 미적 경험으로서의 인지적, 감정적 경험에 관여하는 뇌활성화 과정을 기능적 자기공명영상을 이용하여 검토해 보았다. 우선, 프랙탈 이미지에 대한 미적평가 행동과제로 보편적인 아름다움의 준거를 확인하였다. 평정 결과에 기초하여, 전체 270개 이미지 중 가장 점수가 높은 50개를 아름다운 이미지로, 점수가 낮은 50개를 아름답지 않은 이미지로 선정하였다. 두 가지 조건을 블록으로 제시한 신경영상 연구 결과, 아름답다고 평가한 이미지에 대해서는 미적 경험에 관여하는 인지적, 정서적 처리에 관여된 부위인 전두엽과 대상회와 뇌섬엽이 활성화되었으며, 아름답지 않다고 평가한 이미지에 대해서는 부정적인 정서와 관련된 중후두회와 전설소엽의 활성화가 관찰되었다. 아름다움 평가에 대한 조건별 접속분석의 결과, 미적평가가 긍정적인 이미지에 대해서는 측두엽의 활성화가, 부정적인 이미지에 대해서는 두정엽의 활성화가 특징적으로 나타났다. 이에 대해 의미론적 해석과 추상화 과정과 연결하여 논의하였다. The current study examined brain regions associated with aesthetic experience to fractal images using functional MRI. The aesthetic estimations of the images showed that there is a general consensus regarding the perception of beautiful images. Out of 270 fractal images, fifty images rated highest(beautiful images) and fifty images rated lowest(non-beautiful images) were selected and presented to the participants. The two conditions were presented using the block design. Frontal lobes, cingulate gyri, and insula, the areas related to the cognitive and emotional processing in aesthetic experience, were activated when beautiful images were presented. In contrast, the middle occipital gyri and precuneus, the areas associated with experience of negative emotions, were activated when non-beautiful images were presented. The conjunction analysis showed activations in temporal areas in response to beautiful images and activations in parietal areas in response to non-beautiful images. These results indicate that beautiful images elicit semantic interpretations whereas non-beautiful images facilitate abstract processes.

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