발효제를 달리하여 제조한 탁주의 휘발성 향기성분 분석

이설미 ( Sul Mee Lee ),한혜영 ( Hye Young Han ),이승주 ( Seung Joo Lee ) 한국산업식품공학회 2014 산업 식품공학 Vol.18 No.4

국내 탁주 제조에 사용되는 시판 발효제 4종을 선정하여 쌀을 원료로 탁주를 제조하고 이들 탁주의 이화학적 특성과 휘발성 향기성분을 분석하였다. 제조한 탁주의 알코올 성분은 발효제의 종류에 따라 차이를 보였는데 조효소제를 사용한 경우 알코올 함량이 15.66%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 총 산도의 경우 입국을 사용한 탁주에서 다른 시료에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내어 백국균을 사용한 입국이 유기산 생성능이 강해 산도가 높아지는 특성을 확인하였다. 탁주 4종에서 총 49개의 향기성분이 동정되었으며, esters 27종, acids 3종, alcohols 10종, 기타성분 11종이 확인되었다. 전통누룩으로 담금한 발효주에서 가장 많은 종류의 향기성분이 동정되었지만, 입국으로 담금한 발효주가 정량적으로 높은 농도의 향기성분을 포함하였다. 화학적 특성에 따른 성분들의 상대적 함량은 ester류 46.85%, alcohol류 49.05%, acid류 0.62%, miscellaneous 3.48%로 alcohol류가 가장 높게 나타났다. 발효과정을 거친 탁주의 향기성분은 극미량의 성분들이 상호 복합적으로 영향을 주고, 함량 및 종류에 따라 발효과정을 거치면서 다양한 변화를 가져올 수 있기에 복합적인 관계에 대한 규명이 필요하다. 향후 발효과정 중의 향기 성분 모니터링을 통해 향기성분의 생성과 변화에 대한 체계적인 연구가 필요하리라 여겨진다. In this study, four types of Takju (rice wine) were developed using different fermentation starters; two traditional nuruk (SS and SJ), one ipguk (JE), and one crude amylolytic enzyme (HK), respectively. Sample rice wines were analyzed for ethanol, titratable acidity, pH, soluable solids, and Hunter colorimeter values. The Takju made with HK showed the highest ethanol level, while the titratable acidity of Takju made with JE was twice that of the other samples. The volatile compounds in the four types of Takju were isolated by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HSSPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 49 volatile components were identified, including 27 esters, 3 acids, 10 alcohols, and 9 miscellaneous compounds. Ethyl esters and alcohols such as ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 1-pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, and 2-phenyl ethanol were the largest groups among the quantified volatiles. Although the numbers of detected volatile compounds were similar in the four types of Takju, the amount of quantified volatiles showed a great difference among samples.

로켓 추진 원리를 이용한 고등학생 대상 과학교육프로그램 개발

문영주(Young joo Moon),이동언(Dong eun Lee),이설하(Sul ha Lee),이은주(Eun joo Lee),이창진(Changjin Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2015 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

우리나라 우주발사체 개발에 대한 청소년들의 흥미 유발과 로켓에 대한 과학적 접근을 쉽게 할 수 있도록 고등학생을 대상으로 하는 로켓 교육프로그램을 개발하였다. 고등학교 물리 1,2, 화학 1,2를 분석한 후 로켓의 추진 원리와 연계하였고, 추진 원리의 이해를 바탕으로 모델로켓 엔진을 제작하는 과정을 설명하였다. 또한 모델로켓에서 추진제로 사탕, 육포, 초콜릿 등과 같은 고열량 식품들을 사용하여 추진제를 제작하였다. 특히 교육프로그램은 식품을 이용한 추진제 제작, 연소 온도 측정, 추력 측정과 모델 로켓의 제작, 발사 등으로 구성하였으며 연구 결과를 통해 사탕을 이용한 제작한 추진제와 솔비톨로 제작한 추진제의 성능을 비교 분석하였다. 또한 프로그램을 적용한 후 학생들의 성취도 평가를 측정하기 위하여 기술적, 교육적 목표를 제시하고 프로그램의 운영을 통하여 목표 달성 여부도 판단하였다. This paper aims to design an educational science program based on rocket propulsion for high school students. Curriculum in high school physics and chemistry were evaluated to find out scientific match with basic principles in rocket propulsion. Also model rocketry was implemented as a part of the educational program. Solid propellants were prepared by the combination of sorbitol and candy after a selection process for solid propellant from several high caloric food candidates. Specially, this program was intended to give an opportunity to organize basic knowledge of high school science with model rocketry by measuring combustion temperature, thrust level of developed propellants. A pilot operation of the program was done with four high school students to evaluate the achievement of final goals of the program both in technical and educational aspect.

전산화단층사진을 포함한 Eagle 증후군의 증례보고

이설미,권혁록,최항문,박인우,Lee Sul-Mi,Kwon Hyuk-Rok,Choi Hang-Moon,Park In-Woo 대한영상치의학회 2002 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.32 No.2

Two cases of Eagle's syndrome are reported. The first case involved a 31-year-old man who complained of pain in his throat and pain at preauricular area on turning his head. Panoramic and computed tomography (CT) views showed bilateral stylohyoid ligament ossification. The symptoms were relieved after surgical removal. The second case involved a 56-year-old female whose chief complaints were a continuous dull pain and occasional 'shooting' pain on lower left molar area. During the physical examination, an ossified stylohyoid ligament was palpated at the left submandibular area. Panoramic and CT images showed prominent bilateral stylohyoid ligament ossification. CT scans also showed hypertrophy of left medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The symptoms were relieved after medication. CT is a useful tool for the examination of ossified stylohyoid ligaments and studying the relationship between Eagle's syndrome and adjacent soft tissue.

임플랜트 전산화단층사진에서 하악의 위치와 gantry각의 변화가 임플랜트 매식로 평가에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이설미,안창현,최항문,허민석,이삼선,최순철,박태원,Lee Sul-Mi,An Chang-Hyeon,Choi Hang-Moon,Heo Min-Suk,Lee Sam-Sun,Choi Soon-Chul,Park Tae-Won 대한영상치의학회 2002 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.32 No.1

Purpose: The altered gantry angle during scanning for some multiplanar reconstruction CT program (CT/MPR) may cause distortion of the image. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether there is a image distortion in a reformatted image when the gantry and the object are equally inclined using ToothPix and DentaScan program. Materials and Methods: A resin block model with four cylindrical holes and a human dry mandible were used. Two MPR software packages, ToothPix and DentaScan program, were used for reformatted panoramic images. The block and the gantry were equally inclined at 0°, 15°, and 30°. Results: With ToothPix program, a resin block model with empty holes and a dry mandible showed inclined images in the reformatted panoramic image. Increasing the gantry angle, the depth and inclination of the holes were increased in the reformatted central panoramic images. However, a resin block model with gutta perch a in its holes and a dry mandible with a wire in its mandibular canal didn't show image distortion. With DentaScan program, image distortion was not seen in any situation. Conclusion: ToothPix program may distort the reformatted image when the gantry angle is not at zero degrees. However, with DentaScan program, the patient may be positioned comfortably and the gantry can be adjusted to the patient positioning.

보문 : 중국 경극 가면을 응용한 패치워크 기법의 의상 디자인 연구

이설매 ( Xue Mei Li ),이상희 ( Sang Hee Lee ),한설아 ( Sul Ah Han ) 한국의류학회 2012 한국의류학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Historically, garments have been spontaneously made with human instinct in order to warm and decorate the body using textiles that have been made and used by various peoples in different cultures. Contemporary garments have been used as a means of warming as well as express individual personality and a desire to pursue beauty. They have a unique formativeness and a symbolic nature according to cultural phenomena that reflect a cultural outcome that expresses contemporary thinking and ideology as well as their aesthetic consciousness. This study globally promotes Chinese opera mask culture and proposes the possibility of creative thinking through the introduction of Chinese opera mask elements into contemporary fashion, expressing them as patchworks. In order to endow artistic value (required in contemporary fashion) this study creates works by analyzing and applying a formative sense seen in patchwork techniques and the characteristics of Chinese opera masks; in addition, it sought the possibility of new expressions in garment designs. The results obtained from the research involve the following. First, the introduction of the traditional patchwork technique to contemporary garments may be a dynamic theme of garment expression and exceed stereotypical ideas that enable the creation of designs attuned to the globalization era. Second, it was possible to pursue independent formativeness which is in harmony with a modern sense through the restructuring of the harmony of colors and practical characteristics found in patchworks. Third, it was possible to demonstrate their artistry and unique effect in the expression of contemporary garments by the expression of the analyzed results of characteristic patterns of Chinese opera masks with a patchwork technique in creating works. Results show that it is necessary to conduct research into a patchwork technique that applies diverse materials as a new method to develop contemporary garment design also as a creative design. In addition, if the analyzed results of the characteristic patterns of Chinese opera masks can be expressed with a patchwork technique, they may be able to exhibit a genuine effect along with the artistry of expression in contemporary garments; thereby, relevant follow-up research should be further continued.

Orthopos$\textregistered$ 파노라마방사선촬영기의 각종 프로그램에 따른 흡수선량

최순철,이설미,Choi Soon-Chul,Lee Sul-Mi 대한영상치의학회 2001 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.31 No.4

Purpose: The objective of this study was to estimate the radiation absorbed doses in certain critical organs in the head and neck region with 16 imaging programs available on the Orthopos/sup (R)/ panoramic machine. Materials and Methods: A Rando phantom and LiF TLD chips were used for dosimetry. The absorbed doses were measured at the thyroid gland, the submandibular gland, the parotid gland, the mouth floor. the maxillary sinus, the brain, the mandibular body, the mandibular ramus. the 2nd cervical spine and the skin over TMJ area. Results : The overall absorbed doses with imaging programs available on the Orthopos/sup (R)/ panoramic machine were much less than that of standard program (program 1) except program 8, 11, and 16. Generally, the absorbed doses to the bone marrow of the mandibular ramus and the parotid gland were high, but the absorbed doses to the bone marrow in the mandibular body, brain, maxillary sinus, and, especially, the thyroid gland were very low. Conclusion : The modified imaging programs available on the Orthopos/sup (R)/ panoramic machine can be effectively used in aspect of radiation protection.

Retinoic acid가 사람 정상 구강각화세포의 방사선감수성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이진,허민석,이삼선,오성욱,이설미,최항문,최순철,박태원,Lee Jean,Heo Min-Suk,Lee Sam-Sun,Oh Sung-Ook,Lee Sul-Mi,Choi Hang-Moon,Choi Soon-Chul,Park Tae-Won 대한영상치의학회 2003 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.33 No.2

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on the radiosensitivity of normal human oral keratinocyte (NHOK). Materials and methods: Relative cell survival fraction including SF2 (survival fraction at 2 Gy) was calculated on the basis of colony formation assay. Data were fitted to the linear-quadratic model to establish the survival curve and calculate α and β values. Using flow cytometry at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after exposure to 2 and 10 Gy irradiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were analysed. To understand the molecular mechanism of the radiosensitization of ATRA on NHOK, proteins related with apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were investigated by Western blot analysis. Results: Treatment with ATRA resulted in a significant decrease of SF2 value for NHOK from 0.63 to 0.27, and increased α and β value, indicating that ATRA increased radiosensitivity of NHOK. ATRA increased LDH significantly, but increasing irradiation dose decreased LDH, suggesting that the radiosensitizing effect of ATRA is not directly related with increasing cell necrosis by ATRA. ATRA did not induce appotosis but increased G2 arrest after 10 Gy irradiation, implying that the increased radiosensitivity of NHOK may be due to a decrease in mitosis casued by increasing G2 arrest. ATRA inhibited the reduction of p53 at 3 days after l0Gy irradiation and increased p21 at 1 day after 10 Gy irradiation. Further study is required to determine the precise relationship between this effect and the radiosensitizing effect of A TRA. Conclusion: These results suggested that ATRA increase radiosensitivity by inhibiting mitosis caused by increasing G2 arrest.

방사선조사가 사람 정상 구강각화 세포의 세포주기, 세포사 및 수종 단백질의 발현에 미치는 영향

강미애,허민석,이삼선,오성욱,이설미,전인성,최순철,박태원,Kang Mi-Ae,Heo Min-Suk,Lee Sam-Sun,Oh Sung-Ock,Lee Sul-Mi,Jeon In-Seong,Choi Soon-Chul,Park Tae-Won 대한영상치의학회 2003 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.33 No.3

Purpose: To investigate the radiosensitivity of the normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK), and the effect of irradiation on cell cycle and protein expression. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the radiosensitivity of NHOK, the number of colonies and cells were counted after irradiation and the SF2 (survival fraction at 2Gy) value, and the cell survival curve fitted on a linear-quadratic model were obtained. LDH analysis was carried out to evaluate the necrosis of NHOK at 1, 2, 3, and 4 days after 2, 10, and 20 Gy irradiation. Cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry at 1, 2, 3, and 4 days after 2, 10, and 200y irradiation. Finally, proteins related cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were analysed by Western blot. Results: The number of survived cell was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The cell survival curve showed SF2, α, and β values to be 0.568, 0.209, and 0.020 respectively. At 200y irradiated cells showed higher optical density than the control group. After irradiation, apoptosis was not observed but G2 arrest was observed in the NHOK cells. 1 day after 10 Gy irradiation, the expression of p53 remained unchanged, the p2l/sup WAF1/Cipl/ increased and the mdm2 decreased. The expression of bax, bcl-2, cyclin B1, and cyclin D remained unchanged. Conclusion: These results indicate that NHOK responds to irradiation by G2 arrest, which is possibly mediated by the expression of p21/sup WAFl/Cipl/, and that cell necrosis occurs by high dose irradiation.

단일 혈액투석 기관에서 Buttonhole 천자의 경험

최수정 ( Soo Jeong Choi ),조은희 ( Eun Hee Cho ),이설형 ( Sul Hyung Lee ),오혜란 ( Hye Ran Oh ),김종혜 ( Jong Hye Kim ),박무용 ( Moo Yong Park ),김진국 ( Jin Kuk Kim ),황승덕 ( Seung Duk Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회지 Vol.87 No.5

목적: Buttonhole 천자는 혈액투석 시에 같은 부위를 천자해 천자가 쉽고, 통증이 적으며, 지혈이 빠른 장점들이 있어 국내에선 최근에 저자들에 의해 소개되었다. 방법: 2011년 7월부터 12월까지 buttonhole을 만들고 2013년 2월까지의 buttonhole 천자를 받았던 환자에게서 감염, 입원 및 동정맥루 사건을 조사하여, 동일 환자의 1년 전 ropeladder법으로 투석한 기간의 자료와 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 총 48명(남자 34명, 나이 49.4 ± 13.8세)이 buttonhole 술기를 시작하였고, 3명은 buttonhole을 만들지 못하였고, 3명은 이식, 1명은 전원으로 buttonhole 술기를 중단하였다. Buttonhole 천자를 지속한 41명의 15.1 ± 4.7개월 추적기간에 13명(29.2%)에서 감염이 발생하였고, 동정맥루 국소감염 5명, 폐렴 3명, 균혈증 2명, 봉와직염 1명, 간농양 1명, 골수염 1명 순이었다. 이들의 rope-ladder 천자 기간과 buttonhole 기간의 감염, 입원, 동정맥루 사건은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: Buttonhole 천자는 rope-ladder천자에 비해 감염, 입원 및 동정맥루 사건의 유의한 차이가 없다. Background/Aims: The buttonhole technique, in which needle insertion during cannulation is always into the same site, confers advantages including ease of cannulation, ease of achieving hemostasis, and reduced pain compared with rope-ladder needling. We introduced the buttonhole technique in hemodialysis patients experiencing pain during needling. None of the disadvantages associated with the buttonhole technique, such as infection or access events, were observed, due to the short duration of the study. Methods: Patients undergoing buttonhole needling were observed prospectively. Data were collected on the following parameters: infectious complications, hospitalizations and access events. We compared buttonhole and rope ladder needling using baseline data. Results: A total of 48 patients (34 males; mean age = 49.4 ± 13.8 years) were enrolled. Seven patients were excluded: in three patients, the buttonhole technique failed to form a tract, three others underwent kidney transplantation, and one was lost to follow-up. The remaining 41 patients were followed for 15.7 ± 4.7 months. Thirteen patients suffered infections, as follows: local infections (n = 5), pneumonia (n = 3), bacteremia (n = 2), cellulitis (n = 1), osteomyelitis (n = 1), and liver abscess (n = 1). There were no significant differences between the rope-ladder and buttonhole needling techniques in rates of infection, hospitalization or vascular access events. Conclusions: The infection rate and access event frequency associated with buttonhole needling did not differ in relation to that of rope-ladder needling. (Korean J Med 2014;87:574-578)

철근비에 따른 탄소섬유쉬트로 보강된 고강도 콘크리트 기둥의 거동에 관한 실험적 연구

이설 ( Lee Sul ),김판선 ( Kim Pan-sun ),김광석 ( Kim Kwang-suk ),조성찬 ( Jo Seong-chan ),장정수 ( Jang Jeong-soo ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2001 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this experimental study is to evaluate the strength characteristics and strengthening effects of reinforced concrete column confined with carbon fiber sheets. The main variables in this test are concrete strength and pre-loading. In the test, a total of twelve specimens have a 1.5, 3, 5 reinforcement ratio, which were concentrically loaded, have been used. While the non-confinement specimens with carbon fiber sheets were appeared sudden failure after shell-concrete was tom off, strength enhancement was showed on the specimens confined laterally with carbon fiber sheets.