격동초등학교

이무준 현대건축사 2000 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.12

갯벌소형인공생태계 (benthic chamber)를 이용한 생태계 수준의 독성평가에 관한 연구

이무준,박경수,윤성진,김광섭 대한조선학회 2011 대한조선학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2011 No.6

한국에서의 환경영향평가 평가기준에 대한 연구

이무준 한국환경영향평가학회 1993 환경영향평가 Vol.2 No.2

The EIA system was developed during ten odd years of introduction. On the other hand, the contentional development representing systematical fidelity does not match to it. I surveyed the problems of EIA on the point of environmental items with no legal standards. EIA is being executed only once on the planning stage. If the present EIA system has two times of execution, the quality of EIA will be much better. First, on the stage of deciding location of the project, EIA should be done. And next, detailed EIA should be done on the stage of executing the project. To describe the problems of EIA, I surveyed the legislations on the point of the former stages, investigation of present status and anticipation. And I tried a theoretical approach to EIA. The knowledge of things, the subject's standpoint and his valuation are all put together in the EIA. The knowledge of relationship between air and water pollutants and their impact on human is accumulated much. On the other hand, the knowledge of the compounded item, fauna-flora(natural ecology) is partial and causes many difficulties. I pointed out the absurdities of assessment technique dealing the standards and introduced assessment technique being applied to items with no physico-chemical standards such as wild lives.

사료용 비타민제의 피복을 위한 aerothermal fluidization spraying(ATFS) system의 개발

이무준,이준엽,김창혁,오상집 강원대학교 동물생명과학연구소(구 강원대학교 동물자원공동연구소) 2004 동물자원연구 Vol.15 No.-

Hybridization system, Spraying chamber coating system and aerothermal fluidization spraying (ATFS) system, were tested to find an economic and practical method for vitamin coating. Ae coating by hybridization was done by commercial hybridizer. But both spraying chamber and aerothermal fluidization spraying system were developed by authors for this test. Two vitamins, Vit. E and Vit. C, were employed for coating with four different coating materials, such as eudragit, corn zein, ethylcellulose and gelatin. Coating by hybridization was unsuccessful due to high intake velocity, temperature increase, and bridge formation between vitamin particles. Spraying chamber system was marginally successful to coat vitamins. But the quality of coated vitamin was poor possibly because of the failure of uniform mixing between vitamin and coating materials inside the chamber. Vitamin coating was successfully achieved by ATFS system. The system enables to give not only uniform mixing between coating material and vitamin, but also drying of coated vitamin and uniform diffusion of vitamin particles by thermal aeration. This result was also confirmed through surface micrograph by scanning electron microscope. Therfore, the ATFS system can be considered as a practical system for coating sensitive materials such as vitamins as well as other feed additives.

Ichthyotoxic Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides offshore in the South Sea, Korea in 2014: III. Metazooplankton and their grazing impacts on red-tide organisms and heterotrophic protists

이무준,정해진,김재성,장건강,강남선,장세현,이학빈,이상범,김형섭,최충현 한국조류학회I 2017 ALGAE Vol.32 No.4

Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides have caused great economic losses in the aquaculture industry in many countries. To investigate the roles of metazooplankton in red tide dynamics of C. polykrikoides in the South Sea of Korea, the abundance of metazooplankton was measured at 60 stations over 1- or 2-week intervals from May to November 2014. In addition, the grazing impacts of dominant metazooplankton on red tide species and their potential heterotrophic protistan grazers were estimated by combining field data on the abundance of red tide species, heterotrophic protist grazers, and dominant metazooplankton with data obtained from the literature concerning ingestion rates of the grazers on red tide species and heterotrophic protists. The mean abundance of total metazooplankton at each sampling time during the study was 297-1,119 individuals m-3. The abundance of total metazooplankton was significantly positively correlated with that of phototrophic dinoflagellates (p < 0.01), but it was not significantly correlated with water temperature, salinity, and the abundance of diatoms, euglenophytes, cryptophytes, heterotrophic dinoflagellates, tintinnid ciliates, and naked ciliates (p > 0.1). Thus, dinoflagellate red tides may support high abundance of total metazooplankton. Copepods dominated metazooplankton assemblages at all sampling times except from Jul 11 to Aug 6 when cladocerans and hydrozoans dominated. The calculated maximum grazing coefficients attributable to calanoid copepods on C. polykrikoides and Prorocentrum spp. were 0.018 and 0.029 d-1, respectively. Therefore, calanoid copepods may not control populations of C. polykrikoides or Prorocentrum spp. Furthermore, the maximum grazing coefficients attributable to calanoid copepods on the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Polykrikos spp. and Gyrodinium spp., which were grazers on C. polykrikoides and Prorocentrum spp., respectively, were 0.008 and 0.047 d-1, respectively. Therefore, calanoid copepods may not reduce grazing impact by these heterotrophic dinoflagellate grazers on populations of the red tide dinoflagellates.

Humectants의 첨가가 Extrusion 가공 어류사료의 물성에 미치는 영향

차근환,이무준,장성인,오상집 강원대학교 동물생명과학연구소(구 강원대학교 동물자원공동연구소) 1999 동물자원연구 Vol.10 No.-

드론을 활용한 갯벌 서식 바닷새의 시공간 분포 변화 연구

이나리,이무준,이정호,류종성 한국수로학회 2022 한국수로학회지 Vol.11 No.1

This study aims to track down changes in spatio-temporal distribution of shorebirds along tidal change in order to determine the best timing to observe shorebirds during a tidal cycle. Hourly observations using a drone and a fieldscope were performed during nine hours a day for twelve days in spring tides between April and July in 2021. A total of seven families of shorebirds were found and total density increased from April to July among which family Laridae (seagulls) accounts for about 90% in abundance. Drone-based observations showed highter density of shorebirds by about 22% than fieldscope ground observations. Spatial distribution of shorebirds changed along with change of waterline location during the tidal cycle. Shorebirds density showed the highest value on tidal flats with the distance of 100-200 m from the land. It implies that about two hours before and after high tide would be the best appropriate chance to observe as many as number of shorebirds. Location of preferred habitat was diverse with shorebirds taxa, and Scolopacidae and Charadriidae, Haematopus ostralegus, Ardeidae occurred in/near the waterline during the entire tidaly cycle. Phalacrocoracidae preferred habitat on the sea. Density of Scolopacidae plus Chradriidae, and that of Platalea leucoradia showed a significant different by the observation method (i.e., drone-based vs. fieldscope-based). Shorebirds distribution on tidal flats depended on avoiding behavior of shorebirds against drones, body size, and diet preference, which would be carefully considered in order to improve monitoring methods.

우리나라에 서식하는 유독성 와편모조류 Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax의 형태학적 및 분자생물학적 특성 연구

유영두,황영종,이무준 한국수로학회 2023 한국수로학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구에서는 서해안에 위치한 시화호와 비응항에서 Alexandrium을 채집하고 단일 종 배양에 성공하였으며 형태학적 및 분자생물학적 분석을 수행하였다. Kofoidian series에 의한 thecal plate formula는 전형적인 Alexandrium 속의 thecal plate formula를 따랐다. 본 연구에서 단종배양체를 확립한 종은 대부분의 세포가 길이와 너비의 비율이 비슷하거나 너비가 길이에 비해 긴 넓적한 형태로 관찰되었으며 S.s.a의 형태가 비교적 넓고 큰 특징을 보였다. 또한 SSU 및 LSU rDNA 염기서열에 기반한 분자계통도 분석 결과 Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax와 가장 가까운 근연관계를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 채집되어 단일 종 배양에 성공한 Alexandrium은 형태학적으로 봤을 때 세포의 형태(shape), 길이와 너비의 비율 및 plate formula 구성의 특징이 A. hiranoi 보다 A. pseudogonyaulax에 더 유사한 것으로 판단되며 rDNA (SSU, LSU) 염기서열 및 분자계통도 분석 결과 또한 A. pseudogonyaulax와 가장 유사한 것으로 판단된다. The strain within the genus Alexandrium was isolated from western coast of Korea, and subsequent morphological and molecular analyses were conducted. Thecal plate formula by Kofoidian series followed that of the typical genus Alexandrium. Most of the cells were observed to be broadly shaped with a similar ratio of length to width or the width longer than length, and the morphology of S.s.a. was characterized as relatively broad and large. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analysis based on SSU and LSU rDNA sequences showed that Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax was the closest related species. Consequently, through morphological assessments of cell shape, length-width ratio, and plate formula composition, coupled with the analysis of rDNA (SSU, LSU) sequence differences and phylogenetic positions, the isolate examined in this study is found to be similar to A. pseudogonyaulax.

드론을 이용한 새만금 방조제 외해역에서 상괭이의 단기간 출현양상 및 공간분포 변화 연구

고정일,박은택,이무준,류종성 한국수로학회 2022 한국수로학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Spatial distribution of finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) was investigated with respect to the operation of water sluices. A total of 28 times of hourly observations using drones, covering 4 km2 in each flight outside of the Saemangeum dike, were performed for 4-6 hours per day in consecutive two days in March, April, and May 2022, respectively. During the entire study period, porpoises were observed in a total of 1570 times, covering 77% of survey area with appearance of the porpoise at least one time. Porpoises were most frequently observed and widely distributed in April, e.g., 7 times/4km2 in March, 81 times/4km2 in April, and 71 times/4km2 in May, and Spatial extent was reached to 5% in March, 25% in April, and 19% in May. Number of appearance and spatial extent of porpoises were significantly greater when the gate was open than those when the gate was closed. Temporal appearance of porpoises reached highest in one hour before the gate was open, and then decreased. The porpoises gathered in area of 1 km2 near the water gate when the gate began to be open. This study reported the first case that finless porpoises happened to change their behavior in terms of the gate operation of Saemangeum dike, and further causality studies are necessary to link gate operations to porpoise behaviors.

Ichthyotoxic Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides offshore in the South Sea, Korea in 2014: I. Temporal variations in three-dimensional distributions of red-tide organisms and environmental factors

정해진,임안숙,이기택,이무준,성경아,강남선,장세현,이경하,이승연,김미옥,김지혜,권지은,강희창,김재성,이원호,신경순,장풍국,유주현,김성용,박재연,김광용 한국조류학회I 2017 ALGAE Vol.32 No.2

The ichthyotoxic Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides have caused great economic losses in the aquaculture industryin the waters of Korea and other countries. Predicting outbreak of C. polykrikoides red tides 1-2 weeks in advance is a criticalstep in minimizing losses. In the South Sea of Korea, large C. polykrikoides red tide patches have often been recordedoffshore and transported to nearshore waters. To explore the processes of offshore C. polykrikoides red tides, temporalvariations in 3-dimensional (3-D) distributions of red tide organisms and environmental parameters were investigatedby analyzing 4,432 water samples collected from 2-5 depths of 60 stations in the South Sea, Korea 16 times from May toNov, 2014. In the study area, the vegetative cells of C. polykrikoides were found as early as May 7, but C. polykrikoides redtide patches were observed from Aug 21 until Oct 9. Cochlodinium red tides occurred in both inner and outer stations. Prior to the occurrence of large C. polykrikoides red tides, the phototrophic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum donghaiense(Jun 12 to Jul 11), Ceratium furca (Jul 11 to Aug 21), and Alexandrium fraterculus (Aug 21) formed red tides in sequence,and diatom red tides formed 2-3 times without a certain distinct pattern. The temperature for the optimal growth of thesefour red tide dinoflagellates is known to be similar. Thus, the sequence of the maximum growth rates of P. donghaiense >C. furca > A. fraterculus > C. polykrikoides may be partially responsible for this sequence of red tides in the inner stationsfollowing high nutrients input in the surface waters because of heavy rains. Furthermore, Cochlodinium red tides formedand persisted at the outer stations when NO3 concentrations of the surface waters were <2 μM and thermocline depthswere >20 m with the retreat of deep cold waters, and the abundance of the competing red-tide species was relatively low. The sequence of the maximum swimming speeds and thus potential reachable depths of C. polykrikoides > A. fraterculus > C. furca > P. donghaiense may be responsible for the large C. polykrikoides red tides after the small blooms of the otherdinoflagellates. Thus, C. polykrikoides is likely to outgrow over the competitors at the outer stations by descending todepths >20 m and taking nutrients up from deep cold waters. Thus, to predict the process of Cochlodinium red tides inthe study area, temporal variations in 3-D distributions of red tide organisms and environmental parameters showingmajor nutrient sources, formation and depth of thermoclines, intrusion and retreat of deep cold waters, and the abundanceof competing red tide species should be well understood.