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1997년도 한 의과대학 입학지원자의 사회인구학적 특성, 태도 및 가치관
유희창(Hee Jung Yoo),한오수(Oh Su Han),홍창기(Chang Gi Hong) 한국의학교육학회 1998 Korean journal of medical education Vol.10 No.1
본 연구는 1997년도 울산대학교 의과대학 지원자를 특차지원자와 정시지원자 각각을 합격자와 불합격자 집단으로 구분하여 사회인구학적 특성, 태도, 격자집단으로 구분하여 사회인구학적 특성, 태도, 개인적 가치관을 반영하는 다양한 변인에서 집단간의 차이를 밝혀 보았다. 실시방법은 모든 지원자에 대해 면접시험시에 자기보고식 검사를 완성토록 하였다. 본 연구결과는 크게 사회인구학적 특성, 재정상태, 대학생활의 목표, 울산대학교 의과대학을 선택한 이유, 개인적인 가치관으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 본 연구결과가 장차 의대생이 대학생활에 잘 적응해 나갈 수 있는 포괄적이고 체계적인 계획을 수립하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Group characteristics(sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and personal values) of the successful applicants of 1997 at Ulsan College of Medicine were compared with those of the unsuccessful ones. The principal data were the responses of pre-entrance examination questionnaire survey were administered to all applicants. The results were presented the headings of 1) sociodemographic characteristics, 2) financial status, 3) goals of college life, 4) reasons to choose university of Ulsan College of Medicine, 5) personal values. The results of the present study may serve as the basic data to make comprehensive and systematic plans for the adjustment of medical students in the future.
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Hospitalized Patients: a Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
강민창,김지훈,류승완,문재영,박제훈,박종경,박종훈,백현욱,서정민,손명원,송근암,신동우,신연명,안홍엽,양한광,유희철,윤익진,이재길,이재명,이정화,이태희,임해준,전현정,정규완,정미란,정치영,임희숙,홍석경 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.2
Background: Malnutrition is associated with many adverse clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients in Korea, evaluate the association between malnutrition and clinical outcomes, and ascertain the risk factors of malnutrition. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed with 300 patients recruited from among the patients admitted in 25 hospitals on January 6, 2014. Nutritional status was assessed by using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Demographic characteristics and underlying diseases were compared according to nutritional status. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of malnutrition. Clinical outcomes such as rate of admission in intensive care units, length of hospital stay, and survival rate were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition in the hospitalized patients was 22.0%. Old age (≥ 70 years), admission for medical treatment or diagnostic work-up, and underlying pulmonary or oncological disease were associated with malnutrition. Old age and admission for medical treatment or diagnostic work-up were identified to be risk factors of malnutrition in the multivariate analysis. Patients with malnutrition had longer hospital stay (SGA A = 7.63 ± 6.03 days, B = 9.02 ± 9.96 days, and C = 12.18 ± 7.24 days, P = 0.018) and lower 90-day survival rate (SGA A = 97.9%, B = 90.7%, and C = 58.3%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Malnutrition was common in hospitalized patients, and resulted in longer hospitalization and associated lower survival rate. The rate of malnutrition tended to be higher when the patient was older than 70 years old or hospitalized for medical treatment or diagnostic work-up compared to elective surgery.
김인영 ( In-young Kim ),이주동 ( Joo-dong Lee ),유희창 ( Hee-chang Ryoo ),조춘구 ( Choon-koo Zhoh ) 대한화장품학회 2004 대한화장품학회지 Vol.30 No.2
이 연구는 O/W 에멀젼에서 주성분으로 수소첨가 레시친(이하 HL)을 사용한 액정젤(이하 LCG)을 형성하는 방법에 대하여 기술하였다. 가장 적절한 LCG의 조성에 대한 안정성 시험과는 다음과 같다. 액정을 형성하기 위하여 사용된 조성은 다음과 같다. 유화제로 4.0 wt%의 HL과 부스터로 4.0 wt%의 세토스테아릴알코올 (CA)를 사용하였다. 액정 젤의 형성에 보습제는 글리세린 2.0 wt%, 1,3-부틸렌글리콜(1,3-BG) 3.0 wt%, 에몰리엔트는 사이크로메치몬 4.0 wt%, 이소노닐이소노나노에이트(ININ) 3.0 wt%, 카프릭카프릴릭트리글리세라이드(CCTG) 3.0 wt%, 마카데미아넛오일(MNO) 3.0 wt%을 사용하였다. 최적의 LCG의 형성조건은 pH=4.0~11.0 범위에서 잘 형성되었으며, 피부안전성을 고려하여 6.0±1.0 범위로 설정하였다. 가장 안정한 경도는 32 dyne/cm²이었다. LCG으 입자크기는 1~20 μm 범위이었으며, 가장 잘 형성되는 입자 크기는 1~6 μm에서 가장 잘 형성되었다. 편광현미경을 통하여 액정의 형성 및 모양을 관찰하였으며, 액정의 둘레 주위에 다중라멜라 구조가 형성되는 것을 확인하였다. 피검자 20명을 대상으로 하여 피부보습효과를 임상측정한 결과 placebo크림에 비하여 36.6%가 증가하였다. 그 이유는 액정의 주위의 친수그룹이 폴리올들을 많이 흡수하고 있기 때문이라고 예측하였다. 이 LEG형성 이론을 근거로 하여 의약 및 화장품 산업에 크게 응용될 것으로 기대한다. This study described about method that forms liquid crystal gel (LCG) by main ingredient with hydrogenated lechin (HL) in O/W emulsion system. Result of stability test is as following with most suitable LCG's composition. Composition of LCG is as following, to form liquid crystal, an emulsifier used 4.0 wt% of cetostearyl alcohol (CA) by 4.0 wt% of HL as a booster. Moisturizers contained 2 wt% of glycerin and 3.0 wt% of 1,3-butylene glycol (1,3-BG). Suitable emollients used 3.0 wt% of cyclomethicone, 3.0 wt% of isononyl isononanoate (ININ), 3.0 wt% of cerpric/carprylic triglycerides (CCTG), 3.0 wt% of macademia nut oil (MNO) in liquid crystal gel formation. On optimum conditions of LCG formation, the pHs were formed all well under acidity or alkalinity conditions (pH=4.0~11.0). Considering safety of skin, pH was the most suitable 6.0±1.0 ranges. The stable hardness of LCG formation appeared best in 32 dyne/cm². Particle of LCG is forming size of 1~20 μm range, and confirmed that the most excellent LCG is formed in 1~6 μm range. According to result that observe shape of LCG with optical or polarization microscope, LCG could was formed, and confirmed that is forming multi -layer lamellar type structure around the LCG. Moisturizing effect measured clinical test about 20 volunteers. As a result, moisturizing effect of LCG compares to placebo cream was increased 36.6%. This could predicted that polyol group is appeared the actual state because is adsorbed much to round liquid crystal droplets to multi-lamellar layer's hydrophilic group. It could predicted that polyol group is vast quantity present phase that appear mixed because is adsorbed to round liquid crystal to multi-lamellar layer's hydrophilic group. This LCG formation theory may contribute greatly in cosmetics and pharmacy industry development.