Multirate 통신환경에서 DAMA 스케줄러를 이용한 슬라이스 채널 할당방법

유병관,김해기,안치훈,김남,김수형,Yu, Byung-Kwan,Kim, Hae-Ki,An, Chy-Hun,Kim, Nam,Kim, Soo-Hyung 한국전자파학회 1999 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.10 No.2

본 논문에서는 이동 무선 시스템 설계시 중요한 채널 할당에 대한 TFS(Time-Frequency Slice)할당 방법 을 제시하였다. 시간-주파수-코드영역을 슬라이스화 하고 요구할당 다중접속(DAMA) 스케줄러를 이용하여 채널을 할당하는 경우 TA (Traditional Assignment) 방식에 비해서 호 차단 확률을 낮추게 된다. 통화량 부 하 $\rho$=0.8이고 요구되는 호 차단 확률이 2%일 때 TA (Traditional Assignment)방식에서는 사용자들에게 11 개의 슬라이스를 할당할 수 있지만. TFS방식에서는 36개의 슬라이스를 할당할 수 있다. 통화량 부하 $\rho$=0.9 일 때 TA방식에서 1%의 호 차단 확률을 기준으로 13개 이상의 슬라이스를 할당할 수 없지만, TFS(TimeF Frequency-Code sliced)방식에서는 40개의 슬라이스를 할당함으로써 TA방식보다 3.07배 향상되었다. 이러한 T TFS방식은 다중속도 사용자들이 많은 시스템구현에 적합한 방법이다. In this paper the new channel allocation method which is important in designing mobile radio system, is proposed. If the channel is allocated by time-frequency-code sliced and using DAMA scheduler, the blocking probability is lower than TA channel allocation method. With traffic load $\rho$=0.8 and 2% of blocking probability, TFS method can allocate 36 slices compared to 11 slices in TA method. At traffic load $\rho$=0.9 and 1% of blocking probability, the maximum available slices are 13 in TA method, but in TFS method 40 slices are allocated to user, so TFS method is better frequency availability by 3.75 times than TA method. TFS method could be suitable for system planning to multirate communication users.

한국어판 벡 우울 설문지 2판의 신뢰도 및 요인분석 : 대학생을 대상으로

유병관,이혜경,이건석,Yu, Byeong-Kwan,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Koun-Seok 대한생물정신의학회 2011 생물정신의학 Vol.18 No.3

Objectives The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most widely used self-report measures of depression in both research and clinical practice. The Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II) is the most recent version of the BDI. Validity of the BDI-II has been documented in other countries. This study examined the factor structure of the Korean version of BDI-II in a large sample of university students. Method Data were obtained from 2,529 students of Kongju National University. The factor structures of the Korean version of BDI-II were assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results A high level of internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ = 0.91) and item homogeneity was confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor structure (cognitive and somatic-affective), which was almost identical to the original model demonstrated by Beck et al. The following confirmatory factor analysis also supported the two-factor structure (cognitive and somatic-affective) is a better fit than the other two-factor structure (cognitive-affective and somatic). The higher mean score for women compared to men is consistent with the results of previous reports. Conclusion These data support the reliability and concurrent validity of the Korean version of BDI-II as a measure of depressive symptoms in nonclinical samples.

저온 원자층 증착으로 형성된 ZnO박막의 물성과 결정성 연구

유병관 ( Byung Kwan Yu ),한정조 ( Jeung Jo Han ),송오성 ( Oh Sung Song ) 대한금속·재료학회 2010 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.48 No.12

ZnO thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrates at low temperatures (44℃~210℃) by atomic layer deposition using DEZn (diethyl zinc) and water as precursors. The film thickness was measured by ellipsometry calibrated with cross-sectional TEM. The phase formation, microstructure evolution, UV-absorbance, and chemical composition changes were examined by XRD, SEM, AFM, TEM, UV-VIS-NIR, and AES, respectively. A uniform amorphous ZnO layer was formed even at 44℃ while stable crystallized ZnO films were deposited above 90℃. All the samples showed uniform surface roughness below 3 nm. Fully crystallized ZnO layers with a band-gap of 3.37 eV without carbon impurities can be formed at substrate temperatures of less than 90℃.

육사의 시와 유교적 전통

유병관(Yu Byeong-Gwan) 한국시학회 2004 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.11

Compared to the poems of other contemporary poets, those of Yuksa show very peculiar sphere. The poem of Yuksa is based on the spirit of scholar, the Confucian tradition. Especially the spirit of scholar is derived from the atmosphere of hometown, Andong, where his pedigree and Confucian tradition generates strong magnetic field. Unlike the then general custom, Yuksa was proud of this tradition. In the poem of Yuksa, the spirit of scholar is described by abstinence of form and content, namely the spirit of “Keeping justice by abandoning life.” In addition, it is characterized by belief in the present and immortality of historic life. On the basis of spirit of scholar as Confucian tradition, Yuksa shows the great imagination that transcends the bonds of severe era. Thus, it can be said that the poem of Yuksa shows the right accommodation of past tradition and standard of creative succession in our suggestion.

세율변화를 통한 조세정책의 개선방안에 관한 연구: 납세자, 세무공무원 및 세무대리인의 인식을 중심으로

유병관(Yu, Byeong-Kwan),이창수(Lee, Chang-Soo) 글로벌경영학회 2015 글로벌경영학회지 Vol.12 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 응답자 유형(납세자, 세무공무원, 세무대리인)에 따른 조세정책의 개선방안에 대한 인식차이를 분석하여 조세정책의 수립에 활용할 수 있는 기초정보를 제공하는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 수도권 소재(근무) 법인사업자, 개인사업자, 세무대리인, 세무공무원등 4집단을 대상으로 설문지를 배부하고 418부를 회수하여, 세율변화에 따른 조세정책의 개선방 안에 대한 응답자 인식차이를 실증하였다. 조세정책의 개선방안으로 소득세율과 법인세율의 인상방안, 소득세율과 법인세율의 인하방안, 납세의식을 높이기 위한 조세관련 교육의 역할에 대해 이해관계자집단별 인식차이를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이해관계자집단별로 보면 납세자(개인사업자, 법인사업자), 세무대리인 순으로 높아 세무공무원을 제외한 응답자들은 세율인상에 부정적인 반면, 세무공무원은 2~4% 또는 1~2%의 인상에 긍정적인 것으로 나타나 세율 인상안에 대해 응답자별 서로 다른 인식을 나타났다. 둘째, 세율의 인하안에 대한 이해관계자집단별 인식차이는 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 세부 인식차이를 보면 과세표준 구간조정에 대해 세무대리인, 세무공무원, 납세자(개인사업자, 법인사업자) 순으로 나타났다. 이어서 1~2% 인하안은 세무공무원, 세무대리인 순이었고, 2~4% 인하안은 납세자 중 법인사업자, 개인사업자 순이었다. 셋째, 현재의 세율을 점차 인하하는 조세정책을 시행한다면 탈세가 축소될 것인가에 대한 인식 차이를 검증한 결과, 이해관계자집단별 인식차 이를 보이고 있다. 즉, 탈세가 축소되지 않을 것이라는 부정적 의견이 세무공무원, 납세자(법인사 업자, 개인사업자), 세무대리인 순이며 그 순위 중 세무공무원이 월등히 높았다. 그 이유로는 120 명이 세금계산서 등 세무노출을 꺼리는 사업자 등이 많기 때문이라고 응답을 하였고, 73명은 사업상 장부에 기표할 수 없는 필연적인 비용이 발생하기 때문이라고 답하여, 아직도 양성화되지 않은 소득이 상당히 존재하고 있음을 추측할 수 있다. 결국 납세순응도를 높이는 것은 세율만 인하한다고 되는 것이 아니며, 또한 과세당국은 숨은 세원발굴을 위한 지하경제 양성화 등 적극적인 조세 정책을 펴야 할 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the awareness about tax policies improvement plan based on occupational cluster and gender establishing tax policies, to provide basic information applicable to policy improvement enhancing the level of tax compliance to contribute to expand of national public revenue by inducing a higher and more diligent payment. To test the research questions of this paper, an empirical research was conducted on 418 responses. On the basis of the results in this research, the findings of this paper and practical suggestions can be summarized as follows. First, as for the occupational clusters, all the individual business and corporate income taxpayers, tax agent except revenue officer respectively showed the most aggressive attitudes towards increasing income tax rate. On the other hand, the revenue officer displayed positive attitudes towards increasing either 2~4% or 1~2% of income tax rate showing that different occupational clusters have different opinions on the issue of increasing income tax rate. Second, it was clarified that the opinions on decreasing income tax rate showed no difference among different occupational clusters. To point out the details, the tax agent and revenue officer, the individual business and corporate income taxpayers scored respectively in an interval adjusted tax base. Furthermore revenue officer and tax agent respectively supported decreasing 1~2% of income tax and the individual business and corporate income taxpayers respectively supported the 2~4% one. Third, as already having verified the difference views on what will happen if a tax policy to decrease tax rate is put into practice, revenue officer, individual business and corporate income taxpayers, tax agent respectively were the most negative that tax evasion will not reduce and the percentage of revenue officer was notably higher than the others. 120 responded “Because many businessmen are reluctant towards tax invoice including tax exposure”, 73 responded “Because there always are necessary payments that cannot be recorded.” allowing us to speculate that there are a lot of legalized revenues. Thus simply decreasing tax rate cannot increase the level of tax compliance and taxation authorities should actively carry out tax policies to discover the hidden tax revenues.

저온 원자층증착법으로 제조된 ZnO/TiO2 나노이층박막의 물성 연구

노윤영 ( Yun Young Noh ),한정조 ( Jeung Jo Han ),유병관 ( Byung Kwan Yu ),송오성 ( Oh Sung Song ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2011 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.49 No.6

We examined the microstructure and optical properties of crystallized ~30 nm-ZnO/~10 nm amorphous TiO2 nano bilayered films as nano electrodes were deposited at extremely low substrate temperatures of 150-210℃. The bilayered films were deposited on silicon substrates with 10 cm diameters by ALD (atomic layer deposition) using DEZn (diethyl zinc(Zn(C2H5)2)) and TDMAT (tetrakis dimethyl-amid titanium(Ti(N(CH3)2)4) as the ZnO and TiO2 precursors, respectively, and H2O as the oxidant. The microstructure, phase, and optical properties of the bilayered films were examined by FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, AES, and UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. FE-SEM and TEM showed that all bilayered films were deposited very uniformly and showed crystallized ZnO and amorphous TiO2 layers. AES depth profiling showed that the ZnO and TiO2 films had a stoichiometric composition of 1:1 and 1:2, respectively. These bilayered films have optical absorption properties in a wide range of ultraviolet wavelengths, 250-390 nm, whereas the single ZnO and TiO2 films showed an absorption range of 350-380nm.

투명전도층이 없는 염료감응형 태양전지의 Ru 상대전극 연구

노윤영 ( Yun Young Noh ),유기천 ( Ki Cheon Yoo ),유병관 ( Byung Kwan Yu ),한정조 ( Jeung Jo Han ),고민재 ( Min Jae Ko ),송오성 ( Oh Sung Song ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2012 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.50 No.2

A TCO-less ruthenium (Ru) catalytic layer on glass substrate instead of conventional Ru/TCO/glass substrate was assessed as counter electrode (CE) material in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by examining the effect of the Ru thickness on the DSSC performance. Ru films with different thicknesses (34, 46, 69, and 90 nm) were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on glass substrates to replace both existing catalyst and electrode layer. In order to make our comparison, we also prepared an Ru catalytic layer by a similar method on FTO/glass substrate. Finally, we prepared the 0.45 cm2 DSSC device the properties of the DSSCs were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and current-voltage (I-V) method. CV measurementsrevealed an increase in catalytic activity with increasing film thickness. The charge transfer resistance at the interface between the electrolyte and Rudecreased with increasing Ru thickness. I-V resultsshowed that the energy conversion efficiency increased up to 1.96%. Our results imply that TCO-less Ru/glass might perform as both catalyst and electrode layer when it is used in counter electrodes in DSSCs.

트램 사고유형별 복구매뉴얼 및 복구장치 조사 분석

정승섭(Seung Sub Jung),홍용기(Y. K. Hong),김재영(J. Y. Kim),박재흥(J. H. Park),변재홍(J. H. Beun),유병관(B. K. Yu) 한국철도학회 2019 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.11

트램은 도시재생효과와 더불어 친환경성, 중량 전철 대비 낮은 건설비, 저상시스템을 적용한 교통약자에 대한 배려 등 다양한 장점으로 다수의 해외도시에서 운행되고 있다. 대전시, 울산시, 위례신도시 등 국내에서도 트램 도입을 위해 많은 검토가 이루어지고 있다. 트램은 도로 교통과 동일 평면상에서 운행되므로 자동차와의 충돌, 보행자와의 접촉 등 안전사고에 자주 노출된다. 그러나 국내에서는 트램에 대한 운영 경험이 없기 때문에 사고 발생 시 대처방안과 사고복구에 대한 우려가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 트램 사고유형별 복구매뉴얼 및 복구장치 조사 · 분석을 통하여 트램 실증노선에서 발생이 예상되는 다양한 사고유형별 대응 조치 및 사복복구절차 매뉴얼을 개발하고 사고복구에 필요한 제작 가이드라인을 제시하는 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.