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      • KCI등재

        진경산수화에 표현된 풍토경관에 관한 기초연구 - 겸재 정선의 작품을 중심으로 -

        유가현,성종상,Yoo, Kahyun*,Sung, Jong-Sang 한국조경학회 2009 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

        본 연구는 진경산수화를 토대로 한국의 산악과 산천지형, 색(色), 광(光), 인간행태 등을 분석하여 지역적인 풍토경관을 해석해 보고자 하는 시론적 고찰이다. 근대 이후 적극적 국토개발의 원인으로 변형된 지형과 달라진 생활상 등을 살펴봄을 통해 우리의 본래적인 풍토경관을 이해하는 것에 주안점을 두었다. 현재는 옛 모습을 찾아보기 어려운 서울과 한강변의 주변지역은 원지형과 경관, 일기와 기후 등의 자연현상, 인간행태 등과 연관된 해석에 주목하였고, 지금도 일반에게 완전히 개방되지 않은 금강산 등지는 과거에 이를 대했던 인식의 풍토에 중점을 두었다. 지형지물의 모습과 일기, 시절 등을 통틀어 나타나는 경관을 종합적으로 분석하기 위해 풍토라는 개념을 들어 기술하였다. 이에 실재하는 한국의 산천 모습을 주로 담고 있는 겸재 정선의 진경산수화를 시각적 사료로 활용하였다. 다만 전작을 대상으로 하지 않고, 각 지역의 특징적인 장면을 담고 있는 "경교명승첩(京郊名勝帖)", "해악전신첩(海嶽傳神帖)" 등 그 주제와 장소별로 대상을 달리하는 작품군 중 대표성이 있는 사례를 활용하였다. 그 결과, 한국의 옛 풍토경관은 다양한 산악지형에 적응해 가던 생활모습이 담긴 풍경이며, 산을 대하던 인식의 풍토가 함께 반영된 정경(情景)이라 여겨진다. 이는 국토의 대부분이 산으로 이루어져 필연적으로 산악지형과 연관되어온 삶의 방식과도 관련이 있고, 이러한 환경적 요인은 풍토경관의 모티브가 되었다고 본다. This research is an introductory study that hopes to interpret the cultural scenic landscape by analyzing Korea's mountains, streams, topography, color, light, human behavior, and more based on real landscape paintings. It places its purpose on understanding our intrinsic cultural scenic landscape by investigating the changed topography and the differing life patterns caused bythe active national land development after the modern era. With Seoul, which is now difficult to find images of its past, and the surrounding areas of the Han riverbed, the interpretation related to its original topography, landscape, climate, weather, and human behaviors was observed while the main focus was placed on the climate of the perception held by people regarding Mt. Geumgang and other ranges which are not fully opened to the public yet. In order to comprehensively analyze the figures of features and appearing landscapes including color, light, and more, it was described through the concept called climate. Hereupon, the real landscape paintings by Gyunjae(Jeong-Seon), mainly bearing features of existing Korean mountains, wereutilized as visual historical material. However, not having all his works, other pieces with representative characteristics were utilized such as "Gyeong-Gyo-Myeong-Seung-Chup(a painting with picturesque sceneries around old Seoul)" and "Hae-Ak-Jeon-Shin-Chup(a landscape painting including even the spirits of the seas and mountains)" which contain the regions' distinct scenery. As a result, the old cultural scenic landscapes of Korea are regarded as containing diverse mountains and where the conceptions of the treatment of mountains were reflected.

      • KCI등재

        고교유형별 청소년 사회참여역량의 차이: 자사고·특목고와 자공고·일반고의 비교를 중심으로

        유가현,김형렬 한국청소년학회 2021 청소년학연구 Vol.28 No.3

        Utilizing high school student data from National Youth Policy Institute (2014, 2015), this study examined the influence of high school type on adolescents’ social participation competence in South Korea, as measured by their intention to vote and intention to participate in legal protests in adulthood. More specifically, we aimed to assess 1) whether autonomous private high schools and specialized high schools are more effective than autonomous public high schools and general high schools with respect to fostering student social participation competence, and 2) what explain such effectiveness of autonomous private high schools and specialized high schools, if any. To this end, we firstly used a propensity score matching method to control for differences in individual and family background characteristics that exist between students who attend autonomous private high schools / specialized high schools and those who attend autonomous public high schools / general high schools. Then, a two-level hierarchical linear model was used to examine the relevance of student-level and school-level characteristics for explaining the school type differences in student social participation competence. Results demonstrated that there were significant school type differences in student individual and family background characteristics favoring autonomous private high schools and specialized high schools, but there were no significant school type differences in student social participation competence once controlling for student individual and family background characteristics. On the basis of these findings, this study discusses the implications of South Korea’s high school diversification policy for democratic equality and suggests avenues for future research. 본 연구는 청소년 역량지수 측정 및 국제비교연구 1-2차년도(2014, 2015)의 고등학생 자료를 활용하여, 고교유형별 청소년 사회참여역량의 차이를 분석하였다. 특히 이명박 정부 때부터 도입된 고교다양화 정책과 이에 따른 고교유형 분화 및 서열화의 현실을 고려하여, 자사고·특목고와 자공고·일반고의 재학 여부에 따라 청소년의 사회참여역량에서의 차이가 존재하는지 살펴보았다. 분석 방법으로는 경향점수매칭모형과 위계선형모형이 사용되었다. 분석결과, 첫째, 자사고·특목고에 재학 중인 학생들이 자공고·일반고에 재학 중인 학생들에 비해 사회참여역량이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 여학생과 가정배경이 좋은 학생들이 자사고·특목고에 더 많이 재학 중인 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 경향점수매칭 기법을 활용하여 자사고·특목고 재학생과 자공고·일반고 재학생 사이에 존재하는 선택편의(selection bias)의 문제를 보정한 이후에는 고교유형에 따른 사회참여역량에서의 차이가 존재하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자사고·특목고가 자공고·일반고에 비해 시민 사회화의 측면에서 효과성이 뛰어나다는 인식이 실증적으로 뒷받침되기 어려우며, 실제 관찰되는 자사고·특목고와 자공고·일반고 간의 사회참여역량의 격차가 상당 부분 선택편의에 기인하고 있음을 시사한다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 고교유형의 분화가 초래할 수 있는 사회참여의 계층화 문제의 극복 방안에 대해 논의하고 후속연구를 제안하였다.

      • KCI등재

        조선후기의 문헌 『사의당지』에 나타난 고택의 입지 및 공간구성에 관한 고찰

        유가현,성종상 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2011 한국문화 Vol.53 No.-

        This study has focused on analysis of the location and spatial composition about a traditional house recorded on the book, 『Saeudangzi』, which was written by Hong, Kyungmo(1774-1851). Saeudang(四宜堂), the Hong’s Seoul mansion[京邸], recorded on 『Saeudangzi(四宜堂志)』, was one of the most typical house of Sadaebo(士大夫: nobleman) in Chosun dynasty and unfortunately it does not exist at this time. It can be just imagined and analyzed through the record.「Saeudnagzi」, one of 『Gwanamjunseo』 which has 32 different writings, has respectively contents such as Wonseo(原書: preface), Dangwoo(堂宇: house), Hyungseung(形勝: landscape), Jomang(眺望: perspective), Hwasuk(花石: flowers and stones), Seohwa(書畵: writings and paintings), and Giwan(器玩: ceramics). In this research, I try to represent visual ground plans and analyze the spatial composition of the mansion based on Dangwoo(堂宇), Hyungseung(形勝), Jomang(眺望), Hwasuk(花石) among these contents. The spatial composition, location, garden landscape and so on of Saeudang are as below. 1. The building was consisted of about 100 rooms, which was sort of a big mansion. At first, it was princess Jungmyung's house bestowed from King Injo and was considered to be the scale of a castle house. After 150 years from that time, it was recorded on the book by Hong, Kyungmo. 2. The surrounding area of Saeudang as the location was a hermitage in a big city and a view point to see various mountains, hills, and stream. 3. The inner quarter of Saeudang had a two-story pavilion and was nearly opposite ‘ㄴ’ -shaped, which was adjoined the beneath of one was opposite ‘ㄱ’ -shapred. The 1st floor used as two servants’ quarters and two warehouses. The 2nd floor was a Ru-meru like a loft. 4. The records about building composition, placement, and the number of rooms in a building were very detail, whereas there are no clues which I can estimate of respectively distances between buildings. The book-Saeudangzi just tell us a garden's scale in the abstract like that garden's width is about twice of length and the garden is as wide as carts can pass the yard of one. 5. There are a Tai Hu-stone, 5 oddly-shaped stone, and 23 species of plants on flower stairs and yards. In addition, many potted plants(bonsai) of small trees, flowers, and stones were also on the stairs, which were consisted 17 bonsais with flowers and 4 bonsais with stones. 6. Flower stairs were respectively located on the back yards of Sooyarkdang and Jungdang. Moreover, the south yard of Saeudang had a flower bed and a pine-stair. According to 「Saeudangzi」, it just recorded a Tai-hu stone was on a yard, so I couldn't figure out where the stone was. 7. The fact that there were 3 stables in the servants’ quarters, which were in front of Saeudang, reveals a number of people often attended some poetry parties in the mansion. Furthermore, a floor at outer servants’ quarters were provided to guests as the rest place. 8. The meaning of Terms, Gye(階), Gye(堦), and Che(砌), are almost same as ‘stairs with stone’. Especially, Gye(階) and Gye(堦) have the exactly same meaning, but chinese character is different between both. The meaning of Che(砌) is also included that lots of stones are deposited in heaps.

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