1994 년 해운 시황 전망 / 부정기선 부문

홍덕기 한국해사문제연구소 1994 (月刊)海洋韓國 Vol.244 No.-

스포츠 인권 정책분석을 통한 인권침해 원인과 향후 과제

홍덕기 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2021 스포츠와 법 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine human rights policy in sports and provide future task for human rights improvement in South Korea. First, the human rights concept in sports was analyzed based on the rights to be educated, sexual harassment, and physical and emotional violence. In addition, an extension of human rights concept was discussed(Chapter Ⅱ). Second, human rights policy in sports was analyzed based on ‘the first period regarding human rights in sports policy(2006-2010)’, ‘the transition period regarding human rights in sports policy(2011-2018)’, and ‘the second period regarding human rights in sports policy (2019-current)’(Chapter Ⅲ). Third, the reason for human rights violation in sports was analyzed based on ‘sports power’ paradigm. Specifically, ‘result-centered evaluation’, ‘hierarchical culture: a silent cartel’, ‘unscientific over-training’, ‘vulnerable offender penalize system’, and ‘vulnerable victim protection system’ was discussed(Chapter Ⅳ). Fourth, future task was analyzed based on ‘sports for all’ paradigm. Specifically, human rights in sports ‘the improvement for law and system’ and ‘the improvement of awareness for human rights in sports’ was discussed(Chapter Ⅳ). 본 연구의 목적은 최근 한국 사회에 문제가 되어온 스포츠 분야 인권정책을 시기별로 분석하고 인권침해의 원인과 인권향상을 위한 향후 과제를 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 2장에서 스포츠 인권의 개념을 학습권 침해, 폭력, 성폭력을 중심으로 논의하고, 스포츠 인권개념의 확장에 대해 탐색한다. 3장에서는 스포츠 인권정책의 시대적 흐름을 1차 정책수립기(2006-2010), 정책과도기(2011-2018), 2차 정책수립기(2019-현재)의 세 시기로 구분하여 시기별 특징을 살펴본다. 4장에서는 스포츠 인권침해의 원인을 ‘스포츠강국’ 패러다임으로 설정하고 이를 ‘국위선양에 따른 경기실적 중심 평가’, ‘폐쇄적이고 수직적인 문화: 침묵의 카르텔’, ‘비과학적이고 과도한 훈련 및 인권교육의 부재’, ‘가해자 징계시스템의 부실’, ‘피해자 보호시스템의 부실’의 다섯 가지 측면에서 살펴본다. 또한, 스포츠 인권향상을 위한 향후 과제를 ‘모두를 위한 스포츠’ 패러다임으로 설정하고 ‘법・제도의 개선’과 ‘인식의 개선’ 측면에서 살펴본다.

꼴라쥬 기법과 건축 디자인 과정의 상관성 연구

홍덕기,구영민 대한건축학회 1998 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.18 No.2

노인 운전자의 삶의 질에 관한 평가항목 개발 : 델파이 방법 적용

홍덕기,최성열,이재신 대한작업치료학회 2015 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

목적 : 본 연구는 노인 운전자의 삶의 질을 측정할 수 있는 평가항목을 개발하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 2014년 4월부터 10월까지 노인 운전과 관련된 전문가 패널 39명을 대상으로 델파이 방법 을적용하여 전문가의 의견을 수집하였다. 델파이 조사는 3차에 걸쳐 진행 되었으며, 1차 델파이 설 문에는선행연구를 근거로 하여 삶의 질에 대한 의미에 맞게 재구성한 40개 폐쇄형 질문과 개방형 질 문을 혼합하여 의견을 수렴하였다. 2차 델파이 설문은 1차 설문의 결과를 바탕으로 항목 삭제 및 수 정과정을 거쳤다. 3차 델파이 설문은 2차 설문의 결과와 응답을 전문가 패널들에게 다시 제시한 후 의견을 최종 수렴하였다. 결과 : 1차 델파이 결과에서는 64개 항목이 선정되었으며, 2차 델파이 결과에서는 내용타당도 비율 .33이하의 값들과 의미가 중복되는 항목들을 삭제 및 수정 과정을 거쳐 51개 항목으로 분석되었다. 최종 3차델파이 결과에서는 51개 항목 중 타당도가 부적합한 2개 항목이 삭제되어 최종 49개 항목이 도출되었다. 최종 델파이 조사의 평균 내용타당도 비율은 .84, 안정도 .13, 수렴도 .30, 합의도 .85로 높은 일치도를 보였다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 노인 운전자의 삶의 질에 관한 평가항목에 대한 내용타당도를 검증하였다. 향 후에는타당도 및 신뢰도 검증을 통해 임상에서 표준화된 평가도구로 활용되기를 기대한다. Objective : This study attempted to develop evaluation items used to measure elderly drivers’ quality of life. Methods : Opinions from experts were collected from 39 elderly driving-related expert panels from April throughOctober 2014 using the Delphi method. A Delphi survey was carried out three times, and based on previousstudies, the first Delphi survey gathered opinions using a mix of 40 closed-ended questions and open-endedquestions reconstructed regarding the meaning of the quality of life. The second Delphi survey was conductedafter the processes of deleting and modifying certain items based on the first Delphi survey. Including the resultsand responses of the second survey, the comments were reconsidered and modified through a third Delphi survey. Results : 64 items were selected as the first Delphi result, and as the second Delphi result, 51 items were analyzedafter the processes of deleting and modifying the values below a content validity ratio of .33 and the items witha duplicated meaning. Finally, in the third Delphi result, two invalid items out of 51 items were deleted, 49 itemswere drawn out. The average content validity ratio of the final Delphi survey was .84, stability, .13, convergence,.30, and consensus, .85, which were high. Conclusion : This study verified the content validity of the evaluation items for elderly drivers’ quality of life. Inthe future, it is expected that, through verifying validity and reliability, they will be used as a standardizedassessment tool in the clinical environment.

공리주의적 후생개념과 후생경제학

홍덕기 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1995 지역개발연구 Vol.27 No.1

One of the most important tasks in welfare economics today is how to maximize an individual's preference by converting it into social preference. Welfare economists showed vast interest in solving this question. However, Arrow's famous $quot;impossibility theorem$quot; showed that the task is impossible. After this revelation, welfare economics encountered a big crisis. This paper traces back the origin of this failure in the history of welfare economics and proposes a new perspective that argues welfare economics must start with a new structural basis which is totally different from the traditional one. It is utilitarianism that provided philosophical basis and methods of proof for welfare economics. It sees the society as a fictitious body composed of individuals. According to this perspective, the question of 'what ought to be' is converted to the question of 'what is' which focuses on empirical and inductive calculation of an individual's pleasure and pain. All the individuals in the society are assumed to be equal and the problem of common good is seen as a simple sum of all the individual's pleasures. The above viewpoint appears repeatedly in the history of welfare economics. The term pleasure has been refined into such terms as utility, satisfaction, ophe´limite´, or preferences, and the criteria of welfare evaluation has been changed to national dividend(A.C.Pigou), optimality(V. Pareto), increase of compensation(N.Kaldor-J. Hicks), increase of social welfare(P.A Samuelson), or increase of net economic welfare. Specific assumptions have been introduced to solve specific problems but the basic attempt to transform individual problem into social problems has always remained. But this perspective was totally rejected by Arrow(1963) : There is no completely satisfactory collective choice rule. Moreover, early welfare economics was based on the hedonistic associational psychology which has been denounced by modern psychological findings. Nowadays modern psychology rejects the mechanistic, intellectualistic, and rationalistic approach of psychological hedonism. This deprives utilitarianism of its empirical basis. Of course, welfare economics after Pigou retreated from rationalistic hedonism and adopted the behavioralist interpretation of choice. Utility is unmeasurable and hence inapplicable. Instead, preference, which is measurable, should replace its place. Therefore, the word utility is frequently dropped in favor of the word preference. Ordinal utility is used instead of cardinal utility. However, the development and refinement of the behavioral assumptions of welfare economics over the last three quarters of a century represent attempts to obviate the objections against psychological hedonism while continuing to draw conclusions identical to those derivable from the discredited theory. After Pigou's welfare treatises the economic writings on the basic value problem have remained mostly eclectic. Compared with the works of Sidgwick, Edgeworth and other economists among their contemporaries, these later writings are usually less careful in their reasoning and less conscious of their doctrinal antecedents. The `new' welfare theory doesn't even provides new wine for the old bottles. Despite its systematic precision, welfare economists still hold their utilitarianist tradition with respect to the basic assumptions of theory and practical applications. They were disinclined to reconsider how far the initial assumptions of the Welfare Economic Theory stand or fall with the Utilitarian Ethics and the Utilitarian Psychology. But we still trust the superstructure without exploring too thoroughly the soundness of the original foundations. Here lies the root of failure of welfare economics. As a result, although welfare economics provided us with critical retrospection to Pigou's theory, it failed to add any new perspectives to his two basic theorems for economic welfare evaluation, except for refinement of specific details. The most urgent task for comtemporary welfare economists is the re-evaluation of all the conceptual bases and re-structuring of basic models and theories. Both the old and the new assumptions of welfare economics should be critically re-examined. We have to find where the basic problems exist and then try to build a solid, omprehensive basis for studying human economic behavior.

방법론적 개체론과 신고전학파 경제학

홍덕기 전남대학교 호남문화연구소 1998 호남학 Vol.26 No.-

간화물 부정기선 시황 전망 - 해상운임지수 300 선을 돌파할 것인가

홍덕기 한국해사문제연구소 1989 (月刊)海洋韓國 Vol.189 No.-

N/A

시설 노인들의 시간 사용이 일상생활 수행능력에 미치는 영향

홍덕기,강효숙,전병진,서민지,양승이 대한지역사회작업치료학회 2011 대한지역사회작업치료학회지 Vol.1 No.2

목적 : 시설노인들의 시간 사용이 일상생활 수행 능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 이를 시설노 인의 작업 중재 기법으로 시간 관리 및 라이프스타일 재설계의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2008년 8월 11일부터 2008년 8월 22일까지 대전광역시에 소재한 S요양시설에 입소 되어 있는 65세 이상의 노인 20명을 대상으로 인터뷰, 타임테이블, FIM을 사용하여 자료를 수집을 하였다. 결과 : 연구 대상자들의 일반적 특성과 일상생활수행능력에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 능동적 기본적 일상생활활동과 수단적 일상생활활동의 시간 사용이 많을수록 일상생활수행능력은 높았다(p<0.01). 능동적 여가의 시간 사용량이 많을수록 일상생활수행능력은 높았다(p<0.05). 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 대전지역 시설 노인들의 시간 사용량을 알 수 있었고, 시설 노인들의 시간 사용량이 일상생활수행능력과 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 시설 노인들의 시간 사용 량의 효율성을 높이기 위해서 작업치료사의 역할이 요구되며 시설 노인들이 보다 능동적이 며 긍정적인 삶을 유지할 수 있는 중재 방안을 마련해야 할 것이다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the activities of daily living on time-use of the Elderly in facility. This study is also to provide basic data of the redesign time management and lifestyle as occupational therapy. Methods : The subjects were 20 elderly people (over 65 years) who live in S institution of Daejeun from August 11th, to August 22th in 2008. We used time table, interview and FIM which was to evaluate the ability to collect the general characteristics of these subjects(gender, age, moving period, education). Results : There was no significant different between the general characteristics of the subjects and activity of daily living. The more they spent time in Active BADL and IADL, the more they got higher scores in ADL performance ability(p<0.01). The more they spent time in the more they got higher score in ADL performance ability(p<0.05). Conclusion : We could know the amount of spending time of the elderly in Daejeun area facility and it related to activity of daily living. To improve the efficiency of time-use of the elderly, it is needed the role of occupational therapists. They should prepare a intervention to maintain active and positive life of the elderly.

Unitarity and dilaton effective theory

홍덕기,Kim Gyurin,Park Jun Beom 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.81 No.9

From the low-energy efective theory of dilatons, consistent with the scale anomaly, we calculate the 2 → 2 scattering amplitudes of dilatons. We fnd that the one-loop amplitude violates the unitarity bound as the scattering energy approaches the cutof of the efective theory, √s = √ 4휋fD. We then show that the inclusion of the next-to-lightest state, namely the spin-2 state, of mass around the cutof improves the unitarity. The unitarity argument suggests that the mass ratio of the dilaton and the spin-2 state is proportional to the square of the Miransky-BKT scaling of the near conformal dynamics.

스포츠 혁신, 우리사회의 과제

홍덕기 한국스포츠교육학회 2019 우리체육 Vol.- No.21