2011년 한국에서 개최한 OIE 광견병국제 컨퍼런스

양동군,Yang, Dong-Gun 대한수의사회 2011 대한수의사회지 Vol.47 No.10

Mass vaccination has led to the elimination of rabies since 2014 in South Korea

양동군,김하현,이경기,유재영,서문홍,조인수 대한백신학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.6 No.2

Purpose: Rabies is one of the most fatal diseases, but it is 100% preventable in animals by vaccination. In this study, we present the epidemiological features of, and national preventive measures against, rabies in Korea. Materials and Methods: Data related to rabies and the population density of raccoon dogs in Korea were collected from the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Institute of Environmental Research. Rabies diagnosis was confirmed with a fluorescent antibody test using brain samples of animals in accordance with the procedures described by the World Organization for Animal Health. Serological assays for dogs and cattle were conducted using the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test. Results: From 1993 to 2016, a total of seven human rabies cases and 437 animal rabies cases in five different species were reported. An increase in the distribution of bait vaccine seemed to be related to a dramatic decrease in rabies prevalence in endemic rabies regions. Two Korean provinces and the capital city, Seoul, were involved in rabies outbreaks. Korean rabies strains are most closely related to the eastern Chinese strain belonging to the Arctic-like lineage. The yearly seropositive rates ranged from 50.4% to 81.2% in dogs and from 25% to 60.5% in cattle residing in endemic rabies regions. Conclusion: This study indicates that national preventive measures, including mass vaccination and distribution of bait vaccines, have contributed to a substantial decrease in the number of rabies cases in Korea.

무더운 여름철 일본뇌염을 경계하자

양동군,Yang, Dong-Gun 대한수의사회 2012 대한수의사회지 Vol.48 No.9

일본뇌염은 세계동물보건기구 (OIE)에서 국경을 넘나드는 동물 질병 (transboundary animal disease)로 규정하고 있다. 국내에서 일본뇌염은 1960년 이전에 대유행하였고, 동물에서는 돼지용 백신을 1980년대에 개발하여 백신접종정책을 유지하여 왔으며, 사람에서도 지속적인 백신접종을 통해 일본뇌염이 적은 숫자의 산발적 발생을 보여 왔다. 하지만 기후변화와 온난화의 영향으로 일본뇌염을 전파하는 작은빨간집모기 (Culex tritaniorhynchus)의 출현이 빨라지고 있으며, 2010년에는 사람에서 26건의 일본뇌염환자가 발생하여 보건당국을 긴장시키고 있다. 최근의 기술을 바탕으로 정립된 일본뇌염에 대하여 알아 보고자 한다.

Rabies neutralizing antibody titers in Korean dogs and cats intended for overseas travel

양동군,박유리,김하현,Eun-Ju Kim,Hye Jeong Lee,Young-Ju Cheong,Bang-Hun Hyun 대한수의학회 2023 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.63 No.2

Animals imported from abroad are a cause of rabies outbreaks in many countries. Therefore, rabies serology testing for dogs and cats traveling abroad is an important measure to reduce the incidence of rabies. Rabies virus antibodies were measured in sera collected from 2,367 dogs and 894 cats between 2017 and 2021. A serum sample with a value of 0.5 IU/mL or higher was considered a pass. The overall pass rates for rabies virus were 96.4% in dogs and 98.4% in cats. The mean rabies virus neutralization assay titers were higher in cats than in dogs and in female than in male animals. According to age, 6-year-old dogs and 9-year-old cats had the highest virus neutralization assay titers. Of the failure cases, 53.0% (53/100) were dogs or cats less than 1 year old. Although the average failure rates in dogs and cats were low at 3.5% and 1.6%, respectively, the factors influencing failure were age and vaccine manufacturer. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the vaccination interval and timing of blood collection after boosting.

TaqMan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Japanese encephalitis virus

양동군,권창희,김병한,임성인,김성희,권준헌,한홍율 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.4

One step TaqMan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using TaqMan probe was developed for detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Real-time RT-PCR was optimized to quantify JEVusing the detection system (Rotor Gene 2000 detector) and dual-labeled fluorogenic probes. The gene specific labeled fluorogenic probe for the 3' non-translated region (3' NTR) was used to detect JEV. When the specificity of the assay using specific JEV primers was evaluated bytesting three different JEV strains, other swine viruses and bovine viral diarrhea virus, no cross-reactions were detected with non-JE reference viruses. A single tubeTaqMan assay was shown to be 10-fold more sensitive than the conventional two-step RT-PCR method. Detection limits of two step and real-time RT-PCR for JEV were 112 TCID50/ml and 11.2 TCID50/ml, respectively. Quantification of JEV was accomplished by a standard curve plotting cycle threshold values (Ct) versus infectivity titer. Real-time RT-PCR assay using single tube methodcould be used as a sensitive diagnostic test, and supplied the results in real time for detection and quantification of JEV. We could detect JEV RNA genome in plasmasamples of pigs inoculated with KV1899 strain at 2 days post inoculation, but couldn’t in 41 fetus samples. This assay was sensitive, specific, rapid and quantitative for the detection of JEV from laboratory and field samples.

Biophysical characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus(KV1899) isolated from pigs in Korea

양동군,김병한,권창희,권준헌,임성인,한홍율 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.2

A virus strain, showing cytopathic effect in Vero cell, was isolated from plasma of a fattening pig in Gyeonggi province, Korea in October 1999. The evaluation ofphysicochemical/biological properties of the isolate showed that the virus, KV1899, inoculated suckling mouse showedparalysis and died within 7 days post-inoculation, the mouse brain suspension had hemagglutinating activity with goose RBC. Pathogenicity of isolate was carried out by intracranial and intraperitoneal inoculation of 3-4 weeks mice. The mice inoculated with isolate showed 104.5 LD50/0.03 ml and 103.0 LD50/0.5 ml according to the inoculation route. The isolate was identified as RNA and enveloped virus using IUDR and chloroform sensitivity test. The virus particles within the infected Vero cell were measured to be 40-50 nm in size by electron microscopy. The isolate wasfurther characterized by immuno-fluorescence assay using Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) specific monoclonalantibodies. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed the presence of JE specific conserved sequences in this isolate. The artificially inoculated pigs had HI titer of 320 to 2,560 against JEV at 14 to 42 days postinoculation. We confirmed this isolate as Japanese encephalitis virus. It was the second isolation of JEV in pigs in Korea.

학술 1 - 토끼 출혈병의 발생과 예방조치에 대한 고찰

양동군,Yang, Dong-Gun 대한수의사회 2014 대한수의사회지 Vol.50 No.1

Development and evaluation of indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus in swine

양동군,김병한,Seong-In Lim,Jun-Hun Kwon,이경우,최정업,권창희 대한수의학회 2006 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.7 No.3

The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of causative agents of reproductive failure in pregnant sows. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) was examined for its potential use in the rapid monitoring of the JEV, and the results were compared with those from the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and serum neutralization (SN) tests. The comparative analysis showed that the results of I-ELISA showed a significant correlation with the conventional HI (r = 0.867) and SN tests (r = 0.804), respectively. When the I-ELISA results were compared with the traditional diagnostic assays, the sensitivity of the I-ELISA was 94.3% with the HI test and 93.7% with the SN test, respectively. The specificity was found to be 81.4% and 80.0% with the HI and SN tests, respectively. To determine the applicability of I-ELISA in the field, the serum samples from 720 pigs were collected from 4 regions in Korea between July and August 2004. The results indicated that 21.7% of screened pigs were seropositive for the JEV. The seropositive rates of JEV in the 4 provinces were 12.6% in Gyeonggi, 45.0% in Gyeongnam, 16.7% in Jeonbuk, and 12.2% in Jeju. The I-ELISA methodology developed in this study was shown to have considerable sensitivity and specificity through a comparison with HI and the SN tests. Therefore, it might be one of convenient methods for screening a large number of samples in various fields.

Molecular characterization of full-length genome of Japanese encephalitis virus(KV1899) isolated from pigs in Korea

양동군,김병한,권창희,권준헌,임성인,한홍율 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.3

We have determined the complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain KV1899, isolated from a fattening pig in Korea. In comparison with 22 fully sequenced JEV genomes currently available, we found that the 10,963- nucleotide RNA genome of KV1899 has a 13-nucelotide deletion in the 3' non-translated variable region and 53 unique nucleotide sequences including 3' non-translated region (NTR). Its single open reading frame has a total of 28 amino acid substitutions. Comparison of the KV1899 genomic sequence with those of the 21 fully sequenced JEV strains in published databases showed nucleotide homology ranging from 97.4% (Ishikawa strain) to 87.0% (CH2195 strain). Amino acid homology with KV1899 strain ranged from 96.4% (K94P05) to 91.0% (GP78). The KV1899 showed the highest nucleotide homology with Ishikawa strain and the highest amino acid homology with K94P05. We performed an extensive E gene based phylogenetic analysis on a selection of 41 JEV isolates available from the GenBank. Compared with Anyang strain, isolated from a pig in 1969, that is current live vaccine strain for swine in Korea, the homology of nucleotide sequence in envelope gene was only 87.1%. The prM gene of the isolate was closely related with those of Ishikawa and K94P05 strains, which were grouped into genotype I of JEV.

Antibody Response in Korean Raccoon Dogs Inoculated with Inactivated Rabies Vaccines

양동군,고태오,남영희,김하현,조수동,이경우,최성숙,송재영 대한미생물학회 2012 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.42 No.3

Since sylvatic rabies was first identified in South Korea in 1993, over three million bait vaccine doses have been distributed to rabies risk regions in order to block transmission of rabies among wild animals. New progressive strategy is needed to eliminate sylvatic rabies completely in rabies risk regions. Before applying the preventive program related to eradication, immunogenicity of inactivated rabies vaccines available in Korea has to be evaluated in Korean raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis). Six groups of raccoon dogs in wild rescue center of Gyeonggi-do were vaccinated intramuscularly with single dose of six inactivated commercial rabies vaccines (designated A to F). Serum samples at the time of vaccination, and two and four weeks post vaccination were obtained and analyzed by virus neutralizing assay (VNA). All raccoon dogs inoculated with vaccines C, D, E or F, showed VN antibody titers ranging from 0.5 to 13.77 IU/ml. Half of four raccoon dogs immunized with vaccine B revealed VN titer over 0.5 IU/ml, and one of four raccoon dogs inoculated with vaccine A showed protective antibody titer. This finding suggests that most of the commercially available inactivated rabies vaccines could induce protective immunity in Korean raccoon dogs and be applicable to new rabies control program.